1、Unit 2 Great minds 词句精讲精练 词汇精讲1. receivereceive是及物动词，意为“收到，接到，得到”，其后可接介词from。例如：I received a letter from my mother. 我收到母亲的一封来信。【拓展】receive与accept的辨析：两个词都作动词用，都表示“接受，收到”之意，但在用法上有所不同。receive表示的行为与主观意愿没有关系，着重于行为本身，不涉及收到者是否同意。动作本身有一定的被动性。accept表示的行为由主语的主观意志所决定，强调经过主语的考虑而接受。动作本身是主动的。例如：I received his inv
2、itation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的晚会请柬，但我拒绝接收。I received an email from the university. 我收到了一封大学发给我的电子邮件。2. offer(1）给予，提供(有主观上愿意供给的意思) 例如：He offered me a glass of wine. 他端给我一杯酒。She offered him a lift and he accepted (it). 她请他坐她的车，他接受了。(2）愿意，试图(做某事)；提议(+to do) 例如： The
3、y offered to help me. 他们表示愿意帮助我。(3）offer还有“出价，给工资”的意思。 例如：We offered him the calculator for $50. 这计算器我们向他开价五十美元。【拓展】provide（1）作及物动词，意为 “提供装备，供给”provide sb.with sth.= provide sth.for sb.为某人提供某物She managed to provide her children with food and clothing. 她设法使她的孩子有饭吃，有衣穿。（2）作不及物动词，意为 “抚养，赡养”(+for)He tri
4、ed to earn more money to provide for a large family.他设法多挣钱以供养一个大家庭。supply作及物动词，意为 “供给，供应；补充，满足”，其后常用介词to，for和with。We supply power to the three nearby towns. 我们给附近的三个城镇提供电力。Our farm supplies the market with fruits. 我们的农场为这家市场提供水果。3. considerconsider作动词，意为“考虑、认为”，它的后面跟名词、动名词或者从句作宾语。例如： Please consider
5、 my suggestion. 请考虑我的建议。Why dont you consider visiting Qing Dao？你为什么不考虑去青岛参观？I consider that he is a selfish man. 我认为他是一个自私的人。【拓展】后接动名词作宾语的动词及短语可参考以下归纳：完成，实践，值得，忙（finish, practice, be worth, be busy）；考虑，建议，不禁，想（consider, suggest, cant help, feel like）；错过，习惯，（别）放弃（miss, be used to, give up）；继续，喜欢，（要）
6、介意（keep on, enjoy, mind）。4. pleasurepleasure作名词,指“愉快的事,乐趣”。例如：Its a pleasure to meet you. 见到你很快乐。Its my pleasure. 不客气(接受道谢时回答)。【拓展】(1) pleased作形容词，指外物作用于感官,使人感到“高兴、满意”,常见的结构为：be pleased+不定式或从句, be pleased with, be pleased at (about)。例如：Im very pleased with the performance. 我很满意这次表演。Were pleased abou
7、t (at) your success. 对于你的成功我们很满意。Im quite pleased that she has got such a good chance. 我很高兴她得到这样一个好的机会。(2) pleasant作形容词，意为“令人愉快的,讨人喜欢的”。例如：They spent a very pleasant afternoon in the hills. 他们在山上度过一个令人舒心的下午。Spring weather is pleasant. 春天的天气让人心旷神怡。5. invitation(1) invitation作名词意为“邀请”。 例如： He made a r
8、efusal of her invitation. 他拒绝了她的邀请。 I feel greatly flattered by your invitation to address the meeting. 蒙您邀请在此会上演说，我深感荣幸。 (2) 与invitation搭配的词组和短语有： accept an invitation 接受邀请 give sb. an invitation 邀请某人 receive an invitation 收到请柬 send out an invitation 发出请贴 on invitation 应邀 an invitation from 来自某人的邀请
9、 【拓展】invite的用法：（1）后接不定式, 即invite sb.to do sth意为“邀请某人做某事”。例如：He didnt invite me to have dinner with them. 他没有邀请我和他们一道吃饭。 （2）invite后面还常接介词短语充当的宾语补足语，结构为：invite sb. to a place意为“邀请某人去某地”。 例如：He invited me to his house yesterday昨天他邀请我到他家。 （3）后接地点副词。例如：Youd better invite him here你最好邀请他到这儿来。6. avoid（1）avo
10、id可表示“避开/躲避某人或某物” ；也可表示“防止某事的发生” 。例如： Try to avoid accidents. 尽量防止发生事故。I avoided him as much as possible. 我尽量避开他。I realized he was trying to avoid the topic. 我意识到他是在设法避开这个话题。（2）avoid其后可接名词或代词作宾语，也可接动名词作宾语，但是不能接不定式作宾语。例如：他避而不答我的问题。正：He avoided answering my questions. 误：He avoided to answer my questio
11、ns. 要想不受影响是不可能的。正：It was impossible to avoid being affected. 误：It was impossible to avoid to be affected.7. achievementachievement作名词，意为“成就,成绩”。例如： The invention of the computer is a great achievement. 发明电脑是一大成就。【拓展】( 1）achieve作及物动词，意为“完成,实现”。例如：You will never achieve anything if you spend your time
12、 that way. 你若总是这样消磨时间,就永远不会有所成就。 Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. 要让每个人都有机会实现自己的目标。（2）achieve作及物动词，意为“达到,赢得”。例如：The actor achieved fame when he was only nineteen. 那位演员十九岁时就成名了。 She achieved no success. 她没有获得成功。8. find outfind out意为“找到，发现，查明”，多指通过调查、询问、打听、研究之后“弄明白”。通常含有“经过困
13、难、曲折”之后才找出难以找到的东西。例如：Please find out when the train leaves. 请查一下火车什么时候离站。【拓展】 (1) find是动词，意为“找到”，通常指找到或发现具体的东西，强调的是找的结果。例如：He didnt find his book. 他没有找到他的书。 (2) look for意为“寻找”，是有目的地找，强调找的动作。例如：Jim is looking for his little dog. Jim正在找他的狗。词汇精练I. 英汉互译。1. letdown _ 2. 轻而易举 _ 3. join in _ 4. 处于困境 _5. 和某
14、人开玩笑 _ 6. 一系列 _ 7. 转折点 _ 8. a sense of humour _9. have no idea_ 10. be curious about _ II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示，完成下列单词。1. He received many _ (邀请) to go swimming.2. Ilearnedfromthemanddiscoveredthe_ (乐趣) ofreading. 3. No one can a_ anything without effort. 4. You should a_ such mistakes. 5. I am _(考虑) going
15、or not. 6. He o_ to drive us to the airport, but we preferred to walk there. 7. She was one of the greatest _(聪明的人) of her generation. 8. You can _(信任) her to go alone. III. 用所给的词的适当形式填空。1. He is a little _ (tall) than me. 2. He worked out the problem _ (perfect). 3. We are considering _( go) to Hai
16、nan for Spring. 4. As a student, he is wild to _ (study) English well. 5. Have you received an _(invite) to the party? 6. He invited me _(have) dinner with them.7. He looked _(puzzle) about the question.8. Id like _( have) a picnic at the weekend. IV. 根据首字母提示补全短文。When I was walking down the street o
17、ne day, I s 1 a small bag on the ground. I picked it up and opened it to see w 2 I could find out the owners name. There was n 3 inside it except some dollars and a picture of a woman and a young girl about twelve years old. I put the photo back and took the bag to the police station. Before I left,
18、 the policeman wrote down my name and my a 4 . He thought the owner might want to thank me. That evening I went to have dinner with my aunt and uncle. They had also asked a young woman to have dinner with us. Her face was familiar, but I couldnt r 5 where I had seen her. D 6 our talk, the young woma
19、n happened to say that she had l 7 her bag that afternoon. All at once I remembered w 8 I had seen her. She was the young girl in the photo, though she looked now much o 9 than the girl in the picture. She was very s 10 , of course, when I told her about the bag. After dinner we went to the police s
20、tation and got back her bag. The policeman said to me, “Its a wonderful thing. You found not only the bag, but also the owner of the bag.”V. 听力链接。（2014朝阳一模）听对话，记录关键信息。对话你将听两遍。根据所听到的对话内容和提示词语，将所缺的关键信息填写在答题卡的相应位置上。 SUNNY ENGLISH SCHOOLEvening classes: on 1 Next course: on 2 SeptemberTeacher: Miss 3 Co
21、st: 4 Address: 223, Fitzroy 5 【参考答案】I. 英汉互译。I. 1.使失望 2.without difficulty 3. 参加，加入 4. （be）in trouble 5. play a joke on sb. 6. a series of 7. turning point 8. 幽默感9. 不知道 10. 对好奇II. 根据所给汉语或首字母提示，完成下列单词。1. invitations 2. pleasure 3. achieve 4. avoid 5. considering 6. offered 7.minds 8.trustIII. 用所给的词的适当
22、形式填空。1.taller 2. perfectly 3.going 4. study 5. invitation 6. to have 7. puzzled 8. to haveIV. 根据首字母提示补全短文。1. saw 2.whether 3. nothing 4. address 5. remember 6. During 7. lost 8. where 9. older 10. surprisedV. 听力链接。答案：1. Monday 2.10th/ tenth 3. Black 4. 78 5. Road 听力原文：W: Sunny English School.M: Hell
23、o, I want to ask you about evening classes, please.W: Yes, theyre on Monday. But this term will finish at the end of August. Well start again on the tenth of September, but you can book your place now.M: Its for my friend. He wants an easy class.W: Well, theres a two-hour class for beginners.M: Mmm.
24、 My friend would like something shorter.W: Well, we have a fifty-minute speaking class. That would be good for him. The teacher is Miss Black. Thats B-L-A-C-K. The students all like her.M: How much does that class cost?W: Its only seventy-eight pounds for all twelve classes nowits pretty cheap.M: Ri
25、ght.W: Can your friend come to the school soon and book his place? The address is two hundred and twenty-three, Fitzroy Road.M: Is that in the centre of town?W: Well, its about twenty minutes walk from the station. Were just next to the bookshop.M: OK. Thank you.W: Goodbye.句式精讲1. I wish I could avoi
26、d giving my lecture tonight（1）wish作动词，意为“希望，想要”。例如：We have everything we can wish for. 我们希望得到的东西都有了。 （2）wish作名词，意为“希望，愿望”。例如：Her wish to become a doctor has come true. 她想当医生的愿望实现了。 【拓展】 hope与wish的辨析：（1）都可接不定式作宾语。例如： We wish to see the film. 我们都希望看那部电影。 The children hope to do something for the old m
27、an.这些孩子希望为这位老人做些事情。（2）都能接that引导的从句，但wish后的从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气（动词用过去时，或过去完成时），hope则用所需要的时态。例如： I hope that he will win the game. 我希望他会赢得这场比赛。 I wish that I knew the answer. 我希望我知道这个答案。 I wish I had bought it yesterday. 我希望昨天买了它。 （3）wish作为及物动词，可接名词或代词作宾语，hope则不能。例如： Do you wish a pen or a book? 你要的是钢笔还是书？ （
28、4）wish能接双宾语表示祝愿，hope则不能。 I wish you success. 我祝你成功。 （5）wish能接复合宾语，hope则不能。 I wish you to go with me. 我希望你同我一道去。2. Id like to ask you a question.（1）would like to后接动词原形，would 常和主语缩写为“主语d”，表示意愿，意为“想要做某事”。 例如：Id like a cup of tea. 我想喝一杯茶。Hed like to see a film. 他想看电影。（2）否定句：在would 后加not,意为“不愿意做”，would n
29、ot 缩写为wouldnt。例如:I wouldnt like to go to the cinema. 我不想去看电影。（3）疑问句：把would 提到主语前即可。Would you like to do？是询问对方的意见，邀请或请求某人做某事的一种委婉表达方法。例如：Would you like to go to the cinema? 你愿意去看电影吗？（4）答语：若邀请某人做某事，肯定回答用Yes, Id like/love to ;否定回答用Id like/love to ,but例如：Would you like to see a film？你愿意去看电影吗？Yes, Id lov
30、e to. 是的，我愿意。若邀请某人吃(喝)东西，肯定回答用Yes, please. 否定回答用No, thank you. 例如：Would you like some tea ? 你想喝茶吗？No, thank you. 不，谢谢。注意：would like 无人称和数的变化。3. He then asked a question so difficult that Hans had no idea（1）so.that意思是“如此以至于”，中间用形容词或者副词，so修饰词形容词或副词，that的后面是状语从句。而同义短语such.that的中间有名词，such修饰此名词。例如： Our t
31、eacher is so kind that all of us like him. 我们的老师是如此好心以至于我们都喜欢他。He runs so fast that nobody in my class can catch up with him. 他跑得那么快，我们班没有人能追上他。It is such an interesting film that all of us like it. 它是一部如此有兴趣的电影以至于我们都喜欢它。He had such long arms that he could almost touch his knees. 他的胳膊很长，几乎就能够到他的膝盖。（
32、2）如果名词前的形容词是表示数量的few、little、many、much仍要用so修饰。例如：There were so many people in the room that we could not get in. 房间里那么多的人，我们都进不去。【拓展】so that意思是“以便于、为了”，引导表示目的的状语从句。例如：We got up early this morning so that we can catch the first bus. 我们今天早上起床很早是为了能赶上第一班公共汽车。4. Were in trouble.trouble用作名词，表示“烦恼、困难、困境”等，
33、通常是不可数名词，常用以下句型或结构： (1) have trouble (in) doing sth 表示“做某事有困难”，其中的介词 in 在口语中通常可省略。例如：We had no trouble (in) finding his office. 我们没花吹灰之力就找到了他的办公室。 (2) get into trouble 意为“陷入困境、引起指责”。例如： Hes always getting into trouble (with the teacher). 他老闯祸(挨老师的骂)。 (3) be in trouble 意为“处于不幸(苦恼，困境)之中”。例如： Please te
34、lephone us when you are in trouble. 有困难给我们来电话。He was said to be in trouble with his boss. 据说他受到老板的训斥。 (4) The trouble is (that) 意为“麻烦是、困难在于”。例如： The trouble is (that) we dont know where he is. 问题是我们不知道他在The trouble is that he doesnt have enough money. 困难在于他没有足够的钱。5. My wish is to be like Einstein.（1
35、）当不定式用作表语时，其中的 to 原则上是不能省略的。例如：His aim is to do two years work in one. 他的目标是一年干两年的工作。This wall is to keep people out of the garden. 这堵墙为的是不让人到花园里来。（2）但有一种例外，那就是当主语部分有动词do的某种形式时，用作表语的不定式可以省略to。例如：What you first do is (to) mix the egg with flour. 你先得把鸡蛋和面粉和好。All I did was (to) touch the window, and it
36、 broke. 我只不过碰了一下窗户，玻璃就碎了。6. She asked him why he spends so much time with her daughter.spend是动词，意为“花费（时间或金钱）”。其过去式为spent。用法如下： 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth. 花费时间或金钱做某事 spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. 花费时间或金钱在某物上例如： I spend two hours reading every day. 我每天花两个小时阅读。 He spends 20 yuan on books every month. 他每月花20元买书。
37、【拓展】 表示“花费”的spend、take、cost和pay的辨析：词语主语结构spend人(sb.)sb. spends + 时间或金钱+ (in) doing sth. /on sth.takeit作形式主语It takes sb. some time to do sth.(真正主语)pay人(sb.)sb. pays + 金钱+ for sth.coststh.(物)sth. costs sb. + 金钱例如： I spent 3 hours (in) doing /on my homework yesterday. 昨天我花了三个小时做作业。 It took me four hour
38、s to go to Wuhan by bus. 乘公共汽车去武汉花了我四个小时。 I paid six yuan for the pen. 我花了六元钱买这支笔。 My English book cost me five yuan. 我的英语书花了我五元钱。句式精练I. 同义句转换。1. Bill Gray drives a taxi in this city. Bill Grays job is _ _ _ _ in this city. 2. The Chinese people spent more than 10 years building the Great Wall. It_
39、the Chinese people more than 10 years _ _the Great Wall.3. Titanic was so big that it could hold 2,200 people.Titanic was _ _ to hold 2,200 people. 4. You cant finish the job in such a short time.Its a short time _ _ _ _the job. 5. Jenny is helping the old lady with her heavy basket.Jenny is helping
40、 the old lady _ _her heavy basket. II. 根据所给提示，完成下列句子。1. 我每天花五分钟的时间吃早餐。I _ _ _ on breakfast every day. 2. 他们已邀请我们留下来度周末。They _ _ _ _ _for the weekend. 3. 外面嘈杂声很大，以致我们不能听到老师的话。There was _ _ _outside _ we couldnt hear the teacher. 4. 当处于困境时，要求助。Ask for help when you _ _ _. 5. 我认为贝蒂在花园，其实她在自己房间。 I thoug
41、ht Betty was in the garden, but _ _ she was in her room. 6. 你愿意和我一起进餐吗？Would _ _ _have dinner with me? 7. Tom和Tim并排坐在桌子后面。 Tom and Tim are sitting behind the desk _ _ _. 8. 有一个像爱因斯坦一样的朋友很好。 It was good _ _ _ _like Einstein.9. 我送他一份礼物回报他的帮助。I sent him a present _ _ _ his help. 10. 首次飞越大西洋是一项了不起的业绩。Fl
42、ying across the Atlantic for the first time was _ _ _. III. 补全对话。（2014 安徽中考） 根据对话内容，从方框内的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Brian: Hi, Cindy. 1 Cindy: Hi, Brian. It is nice to see you and so many old classmates.Brian: So it is. 2 Cindy: Youre right. Its really a long time.Brian: Did you see the old photos
43、 on the wall?Cindy: I sure did. 3 Brian: But those are some great memories.Cindy: Hey! 4 Brian. Yes, it is. I remember he used to stay up all night studying.Cindy: 5 Brian: Yes. He was the only one left in the class when he woke up.Cindy: That was really funny.A. What happened?B. Long time no see!C. Who took these photos?D. Isnt that John over there?E. We looked so funny in them.F. I cant believe i
