1、 英语试题 第 1 页（共 13 页） 绝密启用前 泰州市 20202021 学年度高三年级第一学期期初检测 英 语 试 题 （满分：150 分，考试时间：120 分钟） 注 意 事 项 考生在答题前请认真阅读本注意事项及各题答题要求。 1. 本试卷共 14 页，包含选择题、非选择题两部分。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并 交回。 2. 答题前， 请务必将自己的姓名、 准考证号用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题 卡的规定位置上。 3. 请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符。 4. 作答选择题，必须用 2B 铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂
2、黑；如需改动，请用橡 皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。作答非选择题，必须用 0.5 毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答 题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分） 略 第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 30 分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A The government of Norway is planning to build an unusual storage center on an island in the Arctic Ocean. Th
3、e place would be large enough to hold about two million seeds. The goal is to represent all crops known to scientists. The British magazine New Scientist published details of the plan last month. The structure will be designed to protect the worlds food supply against nuclear war, climate change and
4、 other possible threats. It will be built in a mountain on the Norwegian island of Spitsbergen. The mountain is less than one thousand kilometers from the North Pole, the northernmost position on Earth. An international group called the Global Crop Diversity Trust is working on the project. The 英语试题
5、 第 2 页（共 13 页） director of the group, Cary Fowler, spoke to New Scientist. He said the project would let the world rebuild agriculture if in his words “the worst came to the worst”. Norway is expected to start work next year. The project is expected to cost three million dollars. Workers will drill
6、deep in the side of a sandstone mountain. Temperatures in the area never rise above zero degrees Celsius. The seeds will be protected behind concrete walls a meter thick and high-security doors. The magazine report says the collection will represent the products of ten thousand years of farming. Mos
7、t of the seeds at first will come from collections at seed banks in Africa, Asia and Latin America. To last a long time, seeds need to be kept in very low temperatures. Workers will not be present all the time. But they plan to replace the air inside the storage space each winter. Winter temperature
8、s on the island are about eighteen degrees below zero Celsius. The cold weather would protect the seeds even if the air could not be replaced. Mr. Fowler says the proposed structure will be the worlds most secure gene bank. He says the plant seeds would only be used when all other seeds are gone for
9、 some reason.Norway first proposed the idea in the 1980s. But security concerns delayed the plan. At that time, the Soviet Union was permitted use of Spitsbergen. New Scientist says the plan won United Nations approval in October at a meeting in Rome of the Food and Agriculture Organization. 21. The
10、 project is meant to_. A. increase the worlds food production in the future B. carry out some scientific experiments on plant genes C. protect crop seeds from dying out in case of possible disasters D. build an exhibition centre of the worlds plant seeds 22. Which of the following statements is TRUE
11、 according to the above passage? A. The government of Norway will perform the project alone. B. Seeds to be collected there were produced ten thousand years ago. C. Spitsbergen is chosen because it is away from the threat of unclear war forever. 英语试题 第 3 页（共 13 页） D. Temperature is a major considera
12、tion when choosing the storage place. 23. We can infer from the text that_. A. People will get newly-developed seeds from the center every year B. The storage center will greatly promote the development of world agriculture C. Norway meant to have built the storage centre more than 20 years ago D. T
13、here havent been any seed storage centers in the world before 24. What is probably the best title of the passage? A. Noahs Ark of Plant Seeds in Plan B. The Best Place to Store Seeds C. Concerns of World Food Supply D. A New Way to Feed the World B Researchers have just offered evidence in a study t
14、hat says obesity appears to spread through social ties, much like a virus. When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow. But the finding might also offer hope. If friends help make obesity acceptable, then might also be influential in losing the fat. The researchers note that suppo
15、rt groups are already an effective tool in dealing with other socially influenced problems, like alcoholism. The findings appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine, The researchers used information collected from 12,000 people. It was collected between 1971 and 2003 as part of the Framingham H
16、eart Study. The information was highly detailed. There was even contact information for close friends of the people in the study. 英语试题 第 4 页（共 13 页） The researchers examined more than 40,000 social ties. They found that a persons chances of becoming severely overweight increased by 57% if a friend h
17、ad become obese. A sister or brother of a person who became obese had a 40% increased chance of becoming obese. The risk for a wife or husband was a little less than that. Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School was a lead investigator in the study. He says there is a direct causal relationshi
18、p between a person getting fat and being followed in weight gain by a friend. The study found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendships a person had a 70% increased risk of becoming obese.Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in brother. In
19、 sisters, it was 67%. The researchers also considered the effect of where people lived in relation to each other. James Fowler of the University of California, San Diego, was the other lead investigator. He says a friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the sam
20、e neighborhood. He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of peoples health is tied to their social connections. Both investigators say their research shows that obesity is not just a private medical issue, but a public health problem. 25. What does the underlined sentenc
21、e in Para. 2 mean? A. Obesity has a negative influence on a close friend. B. Friends might also play a part in losing weight. C. One might have a positive influence on ones friend. D. Friends usually dont follow each other to lose weight. 26. Who is mostly likely to gain weight? A. A man who has a f
22、at brother B. A husband who has a fat wife 英语试题 第 5 页（共 13 页） C. A wife who has a fat husband D. A woman who has a fat female friend 27. Which of the following statements doesnt the passage agree with? A. You are sure to lose weight if you have a skinny friend. B. If one gains weight, ones friends a
23、re likely to get fat. C. A persons health is closely linked with his /her social relationship. D. Even if the friend lives far away, the influence still remains. 28. The reason why the study involves both family members and friends is that_. A. researchers fail to find a more different sample B. res
24、earchers have different ideas for family members and friends C. researchers can meet these people regularly D. researchers can compare the results C Time spent in a bookshop can be most enjoyable, whether you are a book-lover or merely go there to buy a book as a present. You may even have entered t
25、he shop just to find shelter from a sudden shower. Whatever the reason, you can soon become totally unaware of your surroundings. The desire to pick up a book with an attractive dust jacket is irresistible, although this method of selection ought not to be followed, as you might end up with a rather
26、 dull book. You soon become interested in some book or other, and usually it is only much later that you realize you have spent far too much time there and must dash off to keep some forgotten appointmentwithout buying a book, of course. This opportunity to escape the realities of everyday life is,
27、I think, the main attraction of a bookshop. There are not many places where it is possible to do this. A music shop is very much like a bookshop. You can wander round such places to your hearts content. If it is a good shop, 英语试题 第 6 页（共 13 页） no assistant will approach you with the inevitable greet
28、ing: “Can I help you, sir?” You neednt buy anything you dont want. In a bookshop an assistant should remain in the background until you have finished browsing. Then and only then, are his services necessary. Of course, you may want to find out where a particular section is, but when he has led you t
29、here, the assistant should retire discreetly and look as if he is not interested in selling a single book. You have to be careful not to be attracted by the variety of books in a bookshop. It is very easy to enter the shop looking for a book on, say ancient coins and come out carrying a copy of the
30、latest best-selling novel and perhaps a book about brass-rubbing-something which had only slightly interested you up till then. This volume of the subject, however, happened to be so well illustrated and the part of the text you read proved so interesting that you just had to buy it. This sort of th
31、ing can be very dangerous. Apart from running up a huge account, you can waste a great deal of time wandering from section to section. 29. The underlined phrase “dust jacket” means_. A. a kind of clothes B. a paper cover of book C. a dusty book D. a title of a book 30. You may spend too much time in
32、 a bookshop because_. A. the dust jackets are very attractive B. you start reading one of the books C. it is raining outside D. you have to make sure you wont buy a dull book as a present 31. In a good bookshop_. A. all the books there are interesting B. the assistant greets you in a warm way C. you
33、r heart is satisfied D. you feel that you are in a music shop 32. The best title for this passage may be_. 英语试题 第 7 页（共 13 页） A. The Attraction of Bookshops B. How to Spend Your Time C. Bookshops and Their Assistants D. How to select Books? D Windows not only let light in to cut down an electricity
34、use for lighting, but the light coming through the window also provides heat. However, windows are not something people typically associate with being a cutting edge technology. Researchers are now working on new technologies that enable a window to quickly change from clear to dark and anywhere in
35、between with a turn of a switch. “It took us a long time to figure out what a window really is,” says Claes Granqvist, a professor of solid-state physics at Uppsala University In Sweden. “Its contact with the outside world. You have to have visual contact with the surrounding world to feel well,” So
36、 ,windows and natural light are important for improving the way people feel when theyre stuck indoors. Yet, windows are the weak link in a building when it comes to energy and temperature control. In the winter, cold air leaks in. When its hot and sunny, sunlight streams in. All of this sunlight car
37、ries lots of heat and energy. And all of this extra heat forces people to turn on their air conditioners. Producing cold air, which can feel so refreshing, actually suck up enormous amounts of electricity in buildings around the world. Windows have been a major focus of energy research for a long ti
38、me. Over the years, scientists have come up with a variety of strategies for coating, glazing, and layering windows to make them more energy efficient. Smart windows go a step further. They use some technologies involving changes of color. Electrochromic windows use electricity to change color. For
39、example, a sheet of glass coated with thin layers of tungsten oxide works bit like a battery. Tungsten oxide is clear when an electric charge is applied and dark when the charge is removed. That is, when the amount of voltage is decreased, the window darkens until its completely dark after all elect
40、ricity is taken away. So 英语试题 第 8 页（共 13 页） applying a voltage determines whether the window looks clear or dark. One important feature that makes a smart window so smart is that it has a sort of “memory”. All it takes is a small shock of voltage to turn the window from one state to the other. Then,
41、 it stays that way. Transitions take from 10 seconds to a few minutes, depending on the size of the window. The development of smart windows could mean that massive air conditioning systems may no longer need. “In the future,” Granqvist says, “our buildings may look different.” 33. Which statement d
42、ose not indicate the importance of windows as described in the first two paragraphs? A. Windows can change from clear to dark to save energy. B. Windows help to save energy by letting light in. C. Windows help to save energy by providing heat. D. Windows enable people to have contact with the outsid
43、e world. 34. According to the passage, smart windows are windows . A. that are coated B. that use electricity C. the color of which can be changed D. that have many layers 35. To make electrochromic windows change color, what is applied to the window glass? A. Electricity B. Tungsten oxide C. A batt
44、ery D. A voltage 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分 10 分） 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。 About a year ago I spent the night at my cousins house, it was about 2 a. m. and I heard a noise coming from outside. 36 I was about to get up to tell her when all of a sudden I couldnt move. After that incident
45、it always happened when I was about to go to sleep, half awake or half asleep. 37 英语试题 第 9 页（共 13 页） For example, last night I woke up during the night around 3: 30 as usual. I continued to fall back to sleep. As soon as I shut my eyes, and was half ways asleep, I started to hear a sound. 38 Yet, I
46、was able to feel myself trying to fight it. I did the routine of praying to God and my uncle who passed away. 39 I thought since it happened once it wouldnt happen again, but I was wrong, the same thing happened. I always wonder what would happen if I dont fight it. I think it happens to me at that
47、time because thats a time when I am most easily attacked; 40 Im thinking they do it at that time because they think Im going to give in and not fight back. If anyone of you has dealt with what I have experienced, can you tell me what I should do? A. Sometimes it happened to me 3 times a night. B. Im
48、 so sleepy and I dont want to wake up. C. But it came to my head and touched me. D. It sounded as if someone was opening her gate in the dark. E. I am so scared that I cant fall asleep at once. F. I tried to move but I couldnt. G. It stopped seconds after and I felt relieved. 第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 40 分） 第一节（共 20 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 20 分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的 最佳选项。 At the mid-May in 2018,the 69 year-old amputee(破截肢者） Xia Boyu finally stood proud on two artificial legs on the peak of Mount Qomolangma,a symbol showcasing to the world the power of 41 More than 40 years ago,Xia 42 bot
