1、长城长城Words and Expressionsin ruins 毁坏;破败不堪 appealing adj.有吸引力的;令人感兴趣的 fortification n.防御工事 succeed in doing sth.成功做某事fend off 抵挡 date from 追溯到;始于 consist of 由组成(或构成)fortress n.堡垒;要塞春秋时期 the Spring and Autumn Period战国时期 the Warring States Period烽火台 beacon towers军事防御工程 military lefense projectsWith a h
2、elmet,a small camera and a clinbing stick,Cheng Yongmao,a 64-year-old man 1 work is repairing the Great Wall,is heading for the Jiankou section of the Great Wall early in the morning.2 _(locate)in Beijings suburban Huairou district,the Jiankou section is one of the most dangerous parts of the Great
3、Wall.3_(reduce)the transportation burden for workers,animals 4_(use)to carry bricks all the way to the foot of the mountain,and manual workers then shoulder bricks to the repair sites.After 5_(arive)at the repair sites,they are often worm out.During the process of the reinforcement(巩固)and repair of
4、the Great Wall,the size of the Great Wall bricks is various and different from 6 _of ordinary modern bricks.Cheng 7_(firm)disagreed with some producers who decided to replace the ancient bricks 8_ similar ones to cut costs.For Cheng,even after hundreds of years,the materials,crafts and practices use
5、d in ancient buildings still need to be followed.Cheng stillinsists on climbing the Great Wall at least once 9_ week to provide technical guidance for repair workers.I hope I can continue with my repair work and contribute more to cultural relics10_(protect),”he said.【答案解析】1.whose 考查定语从句关系代词。分析句子结构可
6、知，此处是一个限制性定语从句，先行词是man,关系词在从句中作定语修饰work,故填关系代词whose.2.Located 考查形容词。（be)located in为固定搭配，意为“位于”。本空为形容词作状语，故填Located.3.To reduce 考查非谓语动词。作状语，表目的，用动词不定式。4.are used 考查动词时态语态。主语animals 与use之间为被动关系，且此处描述的是现在的情况，故填areused.5.arriving 考查非谓语动词。作介词 After的宾语，用动词ing形式。6.that 考查代词。此处代指the size,表单数，故填代词that.7.firm
7、ly 考查副词。作状语，修饰动词，表“坚定地”，用副词firmly.8.with 考查介词。replace.with为固定搭配，意为“用代替”。9.a 考查冠词。once a week为固定表达，意为“每周一次”。10.protection 考查名词。做介词to的宾语，表“保护”，故填名词protection.兵马俑兵马俑Words and Expressions archaeologist n.考古学家 unearth t.挖掘;发掘;使出土terractta n.赤陶土refer to 描述;指的是 life-size adj.与真人(或实物)一样大小的 chariot n.双轮马车pit
8、 深坑reproduce vt.再现 imperial adj.帝国的 infantry n.步兵cavalry n.(旧时的)骑兵;装甲兵 crossbowman n.弩手 crouch vi.蹲下;蹲伏秦始皇陵 Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor秦始皇帝陵博物院 Emperor Qinshihuangs Mausoleum Site Museum(2021全国甲卷)The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas lng history.It 1_(buil
9、d)originally to protect the city 2 _the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).It is possible 3_(walk)or bike the entire 14 kilometers.We accessed the wall through the South Gate.The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving inside and outside the City
10、Wall.After 4_(spend)some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall,we decidel it was time for some action and what 5_(good)than to ride on a piece of history!We 6_(hire)our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate.My bike was old and shaky 7_ did the job.It took us about 3 hours t
11、o go all 8 _way around the Xian City Wall.Supposedly you can do it in two hours,but we stopped at the different gates and 9_(watchtower)to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their 10_(day)routines.【答案解析】1.was built 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。单数主语It指代 the Xian City Wall,与动词build之间是被动关系，且动
12、作发生在过去，故填was built.2.in 考查介词。表示“在某个朝代”，用介词in.3.to walk 考查非谓语动词。本句是句型It is+adj.+to dosth.,意为“做某事是的”，句中It作形式主语，真正的主语是动词不定式。4.spending 考查非谓语动词。作介词After的宾语，用动词ing形式。5.better 考查形容词比较级。根据句中的than可知，此处表比较，故填good的比较级。此处是感叹句What(could be)better than to ride on a piece of history!的省略。6.hired 考查动词时态。根据上下文语境可知，作
13、者是在叙述过去的一段经历，故此处应用一般过去时。7.but 考查连词。根据句意“我的自行车又旧又摇摇晃晃，但还能骑”可知，此处表转折关系，故填连词but.8.the 考查冠词。all the way是固定搭配，意为“一路上”。9.watchtowers 考查名词复数。watchtower 意为“瞭望塔；岗楼”，是可数名词。由并列连词and的用法可知，此处应填watchtower的复数形式，与前面的复数名词 gates构成并列关系。10.daily 考查形容词。作定语，修饰后面的名词routines,用形容词daily.故宫故宫Words and Expressions bar vt.禁止 su
14、bject n.臣民 at will 任意;随意 moat n.护城河 rectangular adj.长方形的 respectively adv.分别地lay.out 排列;布置symmetrically adv.对称地 axis n.轴;对称中心线 succession n.一连串;一系列;连续的人(或事物)spread out 散开;展开 portion n.部分御花园 the Imperial Garden养心殿 Hall of Mental CultivationThe Palace Museum,also called the Forbidden City,is situated
15、in the center of Beijing.It covers 1_ area of 720,000 square meters.There are more than 70 large and small palaces and more than 9,000 2_(house).It is one of the 3_(large)and most complete ancient wooden structures in the world.In 1406,Zhu Di,the 4_(three)emperor of the Ming Dynasty,ordered the 5_(c
16、onstruct)of a royal palace in Beijing Fourteen years later,this palace was ready and started 6_(it)service to the Ming Dynasty and the Qing Dynasty.The last emperor of China,Pu Yi,moved out 7_ the palace in 1925.After the Peoples Republic of China was founded in 1949,the new government had the Palac
17、e Museum 8_(repair),but the major parts of the Palace Museum remained 9_ they were.It was listed as a world cultural heritage site in 1987 and becomes a national AAAAA tourist attraction now.The Palace Museum in Beijing 10_(praise)as the first of the five major palaces in the world now.【答案解析】1.an 考查
18、冠词。cover an area of意为“占地面积为”，为固定表达。2.houses 考查名词复数。house是可数名词，被more than9,000修饰，故用复数，故填houses.3.largest 考查形容词最高级。此处与most complete 并列，共同修饰 ancient wooden structures,此处有最高级的含义，故用形容词最高级，故填largest.4.third 考查序数词。句意：1406年，明朝第三位皇帝朱棣下令在北京建造一座皇宫。根据句意和句中定冠词the 可知，此处应用序数词，故填third.5.construction 考查词性转换。分析句子可知，此
19、处作谓语动词 ordered的宾语，且被定冠词the修饰，故用名词，故填construction.6.its 考查代词。作定语，修饰名词，表所属关系，应用形容词性物主代词，故填its.7.of 考查介词。move out of 意为“搬出”，为固定表达。8.repaired 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为固定结构“have sth.done”，意为“让某事被做”。9.what 考查名词性从句。分析句子可知，此处为表语从句，作remained的表语，从句中缺少表语，表示“的样子”，故用连接代词what引导。10.is praised 考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。此处陈述的是客观事实，应用一
20、般现在时，单数主语The PalaceMuseum 与praise之间是被动关系，应用被动语态的单数形式，故填is praised.少林寺少林寺Words and Expressions reputed adj.所谓;普遍认为;号称 by order of 在.的命令下 pagoda n.佛塔a variety of 各种各样的 inscribe vt.题写 crouch vi.蹲;蹲伏 cradle n.发源地cudgel n.(用作武器的)粗短棍prestigious adj.有威望的;声誉高的武僧 warrior monks方丈 Buddhist abbots藏经阁 the Deposi
21、tary of Buddhist TextsBelieved to have been founded in the 5th century,the Shaolin Temple consists of a complex rebuilt in the 20th century next to a Pagoda Forest.The temple complex,with 1_(it)picturesque gardens,is pleasant to visit.While the buildings are similar 2_ many others in China,the uniqu
22、e Pagoda Forest is perhaps the most interesting part of the Shaolin Temple.The Pagoda Forest,about 0.19 miles(300 m)from the complex,3_(be)a burial ground for eminent(有名望的)monks once.Each pagoda holds a tomb and there are so many close together that the site resembles a forest.4 _makes the Shaolin T
23、emple extremely famous in China and abroad is its Shaolin kung fu,one of the largest and best-known sects of Chinese kung fu.This is 5_(large)due to the many books and movies depicting this kind of martial art.Today,you can still see young students and monks learning kung fu in the scenic area.There
24、 is a fantastic kung fu show at the temples Martial Arts Hall,6_(include)in the entrance ticket.The 7_(perform)lasts about 30 minutes and runs at regular times throughout the day.8 _(avoid)the long queues we recommend getting there 20 minutes before the show.Like many temples in China,the Shaolin Te
25、mple is rather cormmercialized and it gets 9_(crowd),so we do not recommend visiting on weekends 10 _during Chinese public holidays.【答案解析】1.its 考查代词。该空修饰名词gardens,表所属关系，故应用形容词性物主代词its.2.to 考查介词。be similar to意为“类似于”，为固定短语。3.was 考查动词时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语 once可知，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时；专有名词The Pagoda Forest作主语，表单数，
26、故填was.4.What 考查名词性从句。此处是主语从句，从句中缺主语，表示“东西”，故用连接代词What引导。5.largely 考查副词。作状语，修饰表语，用副词。6.included 考查非谓语动词。a fantastic Kungfu show 与include之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7.performance 考查名词。作主语，被定冠词 The修饰，表“表演；演出”，故用名词；根据谓语lasts的形式可知，此处填 performance.8.To avoid 考查非谓语动词。作状语，表目的，用动词不定式。9.crowded 考查形容词。作表语，表示“拥挤的”，
27、用形容词。10.or 考查连词。根据句意“所以我们不建议在周末或节假日参观”可知，此处应填连词or.都江堰都江堰Words and Expressions irrigation n.灌溉 list.as 把列为 prefecture n.县 watershed n.分水线；分水岭 divide.into 把分成 spillway n.溢洪道 drain out （使）流走；流出 divert vt.转移 silt n.泥沙 subjugate vt.征服 replicate vt.复制安澜索桥 Anlan Cable Bridge二王庙 Erwang Temple天府之国 Land of Ab
28、undance节制闸 the control valveNow Dujiangyan,a UNESCO World Heritage Site,draws admiration of tourists from all over the world.Dujiangyan is the worlds 1_(old)irrigation system.It is the only surviving ancient non-dam irrigation system,2_（build)more than 2,260 years ago.3 _(make)use of natural topogra
29、phical features(地貌特征），the project is regarded as an engineering marvel.Every year around the Qingming Festival,festive celebrations 4_（hold)to remember Li Bing,5_came up with the system which manages water for human use and yet is in complete harmony with nature.The 6_（construct)of Dujiangyan starte
30、d in 256 BC and was completed in 251 BC.The most difficult part-creating a channel by cutting through a mountain before gunpowder and explosives were invented-took six years to complete.Today it is still 7 _use to irrigate over 668,700 hectares of farmland in the region,and provide water resources f
31、or many 8_(city)in Sichuan province.Participants of the festival this year were treated to a water releasing ritual which marks the end of annual waterway repair-9_ ancient project which no longer happens 10_（annual)due to progress in conservation technology-and the beginning of the farming season b
32、y allowing water,which is increasing in volume with the arrival of spring,into the farmland.【答案解析】1.oldest 考查形容词最高级。句意：都江堰是世界上最古老的灌溉系统。结合句意可知此处用形容词最高级形式。2.built 考查非谓语动词。irrigation system和 build之间为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词。3.Making 考查非谓语动词。the project 与 make use of 之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故用动词ing形式作状语。4.are held 考查动词时态语态。
33、主语 celebrations和hold之间为被动关系，且描述的是经常性的动作，故填are held.5.who 考查定语从句关系代词。此处是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是Li Bing,指人，关系词代替先行词在从句中作主语，故用关系代词who引导。6.construction 考查名词。作主语，表示“建造”，用名词。7.in 考查介词。in use为固定用法，意为“在使用”。8.cities 考查名词复数。city为可数名词，句中被many修饰，故用名词复数。9.an 考查冠词。此处是waterway repair的同位语，project为可数名词，表示一个古老的项目，且ancient首字母发元音音素，故用不定冠词an修饰。10.annually 考查副词。作状语，修饰动词，用副词。
