1、外研必修第三册 Unit 3 Period 4Reading教学目 Lead-inRead the short introduction to Benjamin Franklin and share any other information you know about him.Benjamin Franklin(1706-1790)was one of the Founding Fathers of the United States and helped draft the Declaration of Independence.Apart from being a successful
2、 statesman,he was also well known as a leading American author,printer and publisher,successful diplomat,creative scientist and inventor.As a scientist,he was a major figure in the American Enlightenment and the history of physics for his discoveries and theories regarding electricity.As an inventor
3、,he was known for the lightning rod,and the Franklin stove.He founded many civic organizations,including the Library Company,Philadelphias first fire department and the University of Pennsylvania.学习目标学习目标12 To get the information about Franklins experiment and peoples opinions about it,voice your op
4、inion on the saying“Seeing is believing”.To use the words,phrases and important language points from the passage correctly.目标一：目标一：To get the information about Franklins experiment and peoples opinions about it,voice your opinion on the saying“Seeing is believing”.Activity 1:Read the title and“Learn
5、ing to learn”,answer the questions.FRANKLINS EXPERIMENT:How Much Is True?Learning to learnAn essay title often contains an explicit or implicit question which your essay should focus on answering.For example,the title“Franklins Experiment:How Much Is True?”makes it clear what question is being answe
6、red within the essay.1.What is the function of the Question mark?2.What is the type of the passage?A narration B argumentationC exposition C advertisement3.What does the essay focus on?The author is not sure about the answer.How much is true about Franklins experiment.Activity 2:Match the main ideas
7、 with the paragraphs.Para.1Para.2Para.3Para.4Para.5Para.6A.Facts should be proved by experiments and research.B.The reason why scientists often question accepted ideas.C.The detailed procedure of Franklins experiment with lightning.D.The great effect of Franklins experiment on science and inventions
8、.E.Neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.F.Benjamin Franklins famous experiment with lightning may be fiction.Activity 3:Read the passage carefully and finish the tasks.Task 1:Read the para 1-2 and find out what Franklins experiment aimed to prove.Franklins experiment
9、 aimed to prove if lightning was really produced by electricity or something else.Task 2:Read para.2 carefully and find out how the experiment was carried out and its result,fill in the blanks.Experiment The kite lightning experimentAimMaterialProcedureConclusionTo test if lightning was really produ
10、ced by electricityA kite with a string and a metal keyFirst,Franklin flew a kite with a string and a metal key.Then,when a flash of lightning hit the kite,electricity was conducted through the string to the key.Finally,touching the key,Franklin got an electric shock.Lightning was a form of electrici
11、tyTask 3:Read the para 3-6 and number the statements to show how peoples attitudes towards Franklins experiment have changed.Franklins spirit of scientific exploration is still considered an inspiration.People are amazed at and inspired by Franklins experiment.Scientists question what really happene
12、d in Franklins experiment.312Activity 4:Read the essay again and analyse the structure of it.FRANKLINS EXPERIMENT:How Much Is True?Introduction The story may be fictionalMain body1 What is the experiment?2 Peoples attitudes have changed over years.Conclusion The authors opinionActivity 5:Think&Share
13、.1.Do you think it matters that Franklins experiment might not be true?Why?2.What is your opinion about the statement“.we should not always believe everything we read or hear even if it is a great story”?3.What qualities do you think a great scientist should have?4.In what ways do scientists contrib
14、ute to society?1 No.Because what really matters lies in his bravery to do the experiment.2 I think the statement is right.From a scientific standpoint people should stick to the facts and the facts should be proved by experiments and research.A good story is fiction which is often more interesting t
15、han the truth.3 As a great scientist,he or she should have more than one good quality,such as being smart,honest,objective,persistent,curious,imaginative,devoted and so on.4 First,scientific discoveries promote the development of our society.Secondly,the contributions of scientists in medicine exten
16、d our life span.Thirdly,scientists have invented a lot of surprising tools that fundamentally improve our living standards.Activity 6:Work in groups.Explain your understanding of the saying“Seeing is believing”,and then give a talk about it.You may use information in the passage as examples.1 Make n
17、otes about your understanding of the saying and list supporting details.Your understandingSupporting details 2 Organise your talk following the steps below.Start your talk by explaining how you understand this saying.Explain why you think this way.Use the notes you have made to support your ideas.En
18、d your talk by summarising your points.3 Give your talk to the class.As the old Chinese saying goes,“What you hear may be false,but what you see is true.”We often easily believe in what we see or hear without doubt,but as a matter of fact,it is not always so convincing.New research suggests that the
19、 story of Franklins experiment may be fiction instead of fact.Some scientists questions the story about an apple that fell on Newtons head and led him to come up with his theory of gravity.In fact,there is no proof that the apple hit him on the head.Sample:Some parts of the stories are true,and some
20、 are not,because they dont follow the common sense.However,the scientists spirit of scientific exploration is what mostly matters.Personally,we can not be content with what we see or hear.As the old saying goes,“Practice is the sole criterion for testing truth.”What we see or hear is true or false r
21、emains to be seen in the future.Please dont hesitate to test what you see or hear.目标二目标二:To use the words,phrases and important language points from the passage correctlyActivity 1:Find the important words,phrases,and language points you want to share with your partner.Then discuss in groups and sha
22、re their usage with the class.1 attach 系、绑、贴【教材原文】A metal key was attached to the string.一把金属钥匙系在绳子上。【知识归纳】attach sb/sth to sth 把.系.上;把.贴在.上be attached to.被系或者贴.attach importance to.认为.重要;重视.【即学即练】(1)We should attach importance _ use of the verbs when we learn a foreign language.(2)The picture _(att
23、ach)to the wall cost about$100 three years ago.(3)The written directions _(attach)the tools so that users know how to use them.toattachare attached to2 More than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his scientific approach to looking for the truth.不止一代的学童被他的勇敢和寻求真理的科学方
24、法所打动。【句子分析】本句话为“more than one+单数名词”作主语的句子。虽然more than one意为“不止一个”，但它的谓语动词单复数却要从形式一致角度考虑。通常用单数。文中另两处以“more than one+单数名词”作主语的句子分别为：.more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.(Para.4);In fact,more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple,.
25、(Para.5)approach n.接近，靠近；方法，方式；通路，路径 v.接近，靠近；对付，处理【词汇拓展】the approach of.的来临/临近an approach to(doing)sth（做）某事的方法/方式（to是介词）adopt/take an approach 采用一种方法 the approaches to the airport 通往机场的道路 approach the house 走近房子 see/hear sb/sth approaching 看到/听到某人/某物接近 approach the problem/matter 处理问题【即学即练】单句语法填空(1)
26、The detective heard footsteps _(approach).(2)The best approach to _(build)up your body is to do exercise every day.approachingbuilding3 Franklin,along with many other scientists,has inspired us and taught us that scientific experiments are important in order to establish the truth and to contribute
27、towards later scientific discoveries and inventions.富兰克林与许多其他科学家一道，激励并教导我们科学实验对于推动真理与推动科学发现及发明而言都至关重要。【句子分析】本句是主从复合句，其中that引导宾语从句。has inspired和taught是主句的并列谓语。动词不定式作目的状语“along with/as well as+名词”置于主语后，谓语动词一般与其前面的主语在数上保持一致，即单数主语需用单数谓语，复数主语需用谓语复数。eg:Tom,along with his parents,goes to the park every Sun
28、day.4 neither.nor.既不也不【教材原文】However,neither the story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.然而，这个故事和实验的细节都不是完全真实的。【知识归纳】neither.nor.主要用于否定两者,其意为“既不也不”,用于连接两个性质相同的词或短语。当neither.nor.连接两个主语时,也应遵循“就近原则”。【知识延伸】连接两个并列成分,遵循“就近原则”的词语还有:either.or.,not.but.,not only.but also.【即学即练】(1)Either my f
29、ather or my brothers _(be)coming.(2)Not only the students but also the teacher _(wish)for a holiday.(3)Neither you nor I _(be)a stranger here.areamwishes5 But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key,he would certainly have died from the electric shock.但是科学家们一致认为如果富兰克林确实接触过
30、钥匙的话,他肯定就被电击致死了。【句子分析】(1)本句是主从复合句。其中that.the electric shock是that引导的宾语从句;该从句也是主从复合句,其中if Franklin.the key是条件状语从句,该从句及其主句he would certainly have died from the electric shock都使用了虚拟语气。【拓展延伸】虚拟语气虚拟语气表示说话者做出的假设而非事实，或难以实现的情况，甚至表达彻底相反的概念。此外如需表达主观愿望或某种强烈的感情时，也可用虚拟语气。虚拟语气由句中谓语动词的特殊形式表示。(1)表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:If+主
31、语+did/were主句:主语+should/would/might/could do*If I were you,I would take an umbrella.如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你)(2)表示与过去事实相反的情况:从句:If+主语+had done主句:主语+should/would/might/could have done*If he had taken my advice,he would not have made such a mistake.如果他听我的建议的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。(事实:没有听我的建议)(3)表示与将来事实相反:从句:if+主语+
32、were to doif+主语+should doif+主语+did/were主句:主语+should/would/might/could do*If she were to be here next Monday,I would tell her about the matter.如果她下周一来这儿的话,我就会告诉她这件事的始末。(事实:来的可能性很小,不可能)*If it should rain tomorrow,we would stay at home.如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。(事实:下雨的可能性很小,不可能)6 In fact,more than one account sug
33、gests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a falling apple,there is no proof that it hit him on the head.事实上,不止一个记载表明,尽管牛顿肯定是受到一个落下的苹果的启发,但没有证据表明苹果打中了他的头部。【句式分析】(1)本句是主从复合句。其中that while Newton.on the head是that引导的宾语从句;该从句也是主从复合句,其中while Newton.a falling apple是while引导的让步状语从句;that it hit him on
34、the head是that引导的同位语从句。(2)句中的in fact是固定短语,意为“事实上”。Eg:It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment,high status has just the opposite effect on us.这清楚地表明,尽管受人爱戴可以促进健康的调整,但地位高却对我们产生相反的影响。Activity 2:Complete the summary with the correct words or the correct forms of the words in
35、 the bracket according to the passage.New research suggests that the story(1)_ Franklins famous experiment with lightning may be fiction instead of fact.More than one generation of school children has been amazed by his bravery and his(2)_(science)approach to(3)_(look)for the truth.However,neither t
36、he story nor the details of the experiment are entirely true.Although it has been proved that Franklins experiment(4)_(take)place,more than one scientist has questioned what really happened.thatscientificlooking took(5)_ detail about the string and the key is true.But(6)_(science)all agree that if h
37、e had(7)_(actual)touched the key,he would certainly have died from the electric shock.Fiction is(8)_(interesting)than the truth.People have been more inspired by Franklins spirit of scientific(9)_(explore)than by the facts themselves.But in science,facts should be proved(10)_experiments and research.Thescientistsactuallymore interestingexplorationby学习总结学习总结1 Can you retell the procedures of Franklins famous experiment with lightning?2 What do you learn from Benjamin Franklin?
