1、Unit 4 Friends forever Using language Attributive clauses (1) (that, which, who, whom, whose) Warm-up: Look at the two groups of sentences. What is the difference between them? 一、定语从句的定义 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫 先行词先行词，引导定语从句的词叫关系词关系词。 二、关系代词的基本用法 1who 指人，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The woman who
2、is standing under the big tree is Lily. 站在大树底下的那位女士是莉莉。 The girl (who) I met on the street is Jims sister. 我昨天在大街上碰到的那个女孩是吉姆的妹妹。 Do you know the boy who wears glasses? 你认识那个戴眼镜的男孩吗？ 2whom 指人，在从句中作宾语，常可省略，不能作主语。 The boy (whom) the teacher often praises is their monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个男孩是他们的班长。 My father i
3、s the man (whom) I admire most. 父亲是我最敬佩的人。 注意： (1)关系代词 whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替。 The man (who/whom/that) we saw on the subway yesterday is a famous writer. I have read his books. 昨天我们在地铁上看到的那位男士是一位著名的作家。 我读过他 的书。 (2)在从句中作介词的宾语且直接跟在介词后时，用 whom， 不用 who。 He is a man from whom we are all ready to lear
4、n. 他是我们大家都愿意向他学习的人。 I have many students to whom I am going to send postcards. 我有很多学生，我打算给他们送贺卡。 Is he the man with whom you often play basketball? 他就是经常和你一起打篮球的那个男士吗？ 3which 只指物，不指人，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可 省略。 Rome is a city which fascinates the whole world. 罗马是一个令全世界都着迷的城市。 Do you remember the question (whi
5、ch) the teacher asked us in class? 你还记得课堂上老师问我们的那个问题吗？ The milk (which) we bought was not fresh. 我们买的牛奶不新鲜。 4whose 既可指人，也可指物。其后接名词，与先行词构 成从属关系，在从句中作定语。 The room whose windows face south is mine. 窗户朝南的那个房间是我的。 He is a shallow thinker whose opinions arent worth much.他是个肤浅的思想家，他的意见没什么价值。 I like to read
6、 those books whose topics are about history. 我喜欢读那些以历史为主题的书籍。 5that 指人时，相当于 who 或 whom；指物时，相当于 which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。 The noodles (that) I cooked were delicious. 我煮的面条美味可口。 A plane is a machine that can fly. 飞机是一种会飞的机器。 She has found the necklace (that) she lost two weeks ago. 她已经找到了两周前丢失的那条项链。
7、 三、用 that 不用 which 的情况 1当先行词为 all，everything，nothing，anything，little， much 等不定代词或先行词被这些词修饰时，只能用 that。 All that glitters is not gold. 闪光的不一定是金子。 Is there anything that I can do for you? 有什么要我做的事吗? There is little chance that she will win. 她取胜的机会很渺茫。 2当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或先行词被序数词或 形容词最高级修饰时，只能用 that。 This
8、is the most delicious food that I have ever had. 这是我吃过的最美味的食物。 This was one of the most interesting books that were sold in this bookstore. 这是这家书店售出的最有趣的书之一。 He was the first student that got to school today. 他是今天第一个到校的学生。 3当先行词被 the only，the very，the last 修饰时，只能 用 that。 Playing computer games used
9、to be the only thing that interested her most. 打电脑游戏曾经是她唯一感兴趣的事。 This is the very book that I have been looking for. 这是我一直寻找的那本书。 He is the last man that I want to see. 他是我最不想见的人。 4当先行词既指人，又指物时，只能用 that。 They talked for about half an hour of things and persons that they remembered in the school. 他们聊
10、起他们所能记得起的学校里的人和事来， 聊了约半个 钟头。 5当主语是以 who 或 which 开头的疑问句时，为避免重复 而用 that。 Who is the person that is dancing on the stage? 舞台上跳舞的那个人是谁？ Which is the car that was made in Germany? 哪辆车是德国制造的？ 四、关系代词填空 1. There is a man at the font door _wants to see you. 2. The old man _you saw yesterday is a thinker. 3.
11、Einstein is a scientist _ name is known all over the country. 4. Please pass me the notebook _ cover is black. Please pass me the notebook the cover of _ is black. 5. This is the very theme park _ children like best. 6. Can you tell me the people and things _ you saw in Beijing? 7. Could you please
12、find a room _ is big enough for all of us to live in? 8. This is the second house_we bought in France. 9. He answered few questions_the teacher asked. 10. Can you give me anything_can keep me warm? 11. The first thing _should be done is to get some food. 12. I think Guilin is the most beautiful city_I have ever visited. 13. Who is the man _ you spoke to just now? 五、知识小结 Thank you!
