1、Unit4HISTORY AND TRADITIONSListening and Speaking【版本：人教册别：必修二版本：人教册别：必修二】River ThamesI.Lead-in1 What traditions of that city/country do you know about?London has a famous tradition called“Changing of the Guard”at Buckingham Palace.The guards of the palace wear special red uniforms with tall black ha
2、ts.There are many other traditions in the UK,such as.drinking teaplaying cricketeating fish and chipsLook and discussA people without the knowledge of their past history,origin and culture is like a tree without roots.Marcus GarveyA tree without root would easily fall down and die.The root also feed
3、 the tree.The root of a tree cant usually be seen,but they often spread deep and wide.In this quote,Garvey is emphasizing the importance of being familiar with the history and the culture of ones own country.l Because they are a record of our shared history and tell us a lot about who we are as a co
4、untry and people.can can reflectreflect the the unique featureunique features of s of a countrya countrycan can enhanceenhance the natural beauty the natural beauty of citiesof cities，making them making them distinctdistinct and and attractiveattractivecan can serve asserve as places of historical p
5、laces of historical interest or museumsinterest or museums,boostboosting ing the economy of the countrythe economy of the countryare are representativerepresentative of history of historyremind remind people people ofof their origins their origins and the development of the and the development of th
6、e civilizationcivilizationbe easier for future generations be easier for future generations to to learnlearn more more aboutabout the historic the historic background of a given country background of a given country and and maintainmaintain cultural values cultural valuesConfuciusfounder ofconfucian
7、ism(儒家思想）Chinesephilosopher andeducatorintheSpringandAutumnperiod.HisthoughtshaveinfluencedChineseculturerightuptothepresentday.P38 Exercise 1:Before you listen,What can you say about these places?Temple of ConfuciusKong Family MansionCemetery of ConfuciusBEFORE LISTENINGBEFORE LISTENINGWhat can you
8、 say about these places?It is the most famous and largest temple in honour of the great sage(圣人)and it is also a UNESCO World Heritage Site.It covers 16,000 square metres and has 460 rooms.The main part consists of nine courtyards with several gates.Dacheng Hall stands at the center and is the princ
9、ipal place for offering sacrifices to Confucius.Located to the east of the Temple of Confucius,Kong Family Mansion was the historical home of the descendants(后代)of Confucius from where they managed sites and ceremonies in Oufu.Today it is a museum.This is where Confucius and his descendants are buri
10、ed.There are more than 10000 of them,buried here over2,000 years.The cemetery has had many renovations(翻修)and extensions(扩建)in its history.WHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENING1 Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers.2 _3 _1 _2 _3 _William:Excuse me,do you speak English?Im looking for the _,but Im
11、not good at maps-theyre my Achilles _!Xiao Kong:Oh,hello,yes,Come with me-Im going to the temple right now.By the way,what does“_”mean?William:Oh,it means that _-Im really bad with maps!So do you know much about Confucius?_ _.Confucius TempleheelAchilles heel something is my weaknessHe was such a wi
12、se man.01WHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENINGHes one of my favourite philosophers.Xiao Kong:Oh,yes.I was born here.In fact,I believe I am a descendant of Confucius himselfWilliam:No way,youre pulling my leg,right?So how do you know youre related to Confucius?_Xiao Kong:Yes,but his family tree is well reco
13、rded._ _.Sorry again,what does pulling my leg mean?William:Oh,sorry,it means_.Anyway,so youre actually going to the temple to pay respects to your relative?Xiao kong:Well,yes.But Im also meeting my study group there.We are doing a research project on Confucius ideas on education.You know,_ _,and he
14、_.For example,he talked about the relationship between learning and reflecting.He believed that learning without reflecting leads to confusion.Oh,look,the temple is just over there.He has over three million descendantsto joke with someoneConfucius was agreat educatorhad many great ideas about educat
15、ion02Didnt he live over 2,500 years ago?WHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENINGWilliam:Oh,great!Whats that big building over there?Xiao Kong:Oh,thats the famous Dacheng Hall.You know,its so well-respected in Qufu that no other building in the city can be taller than it.William:Wow,now thats respect.Thats a l
16、ittle bit like my hometown-Stratford-upon-Avon.Xiao Kong:Wait,you mean where Shakespeare was from?What a coincidence-Confucius and Shakespeare,_!I really want to visit the UK-Im really interested in British history and culture.William:Oh,thats great!So later we can go for a cup of tea and have a cha
17、t about it.And it would be great if you could take me somewhere to get my watch fixed.Xiao Kong:OK,no problem!So come and meet my study group-we can tell you all about the temple.And how long are you staying in Qufu?I can show you the Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion as well.William
18、:Really?Thats so kind!I need all the help I can get-Im like a fish out of water!two of the greatest minds in history03WHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENING1 Confucius is one of his favourite philosophers.2 He was a wise man.3 He lived over 2500 years ago.1 Confucius has over 3
19、 million descendants.2 He was a great educator and had many ideas about education3 He was one of the greatest minds in history.Facts or opinion?factfactopinionopinionopinionopinion1.Confuciussaidthatlearningwithoutunderstandingleadstoconfusion.TFNM2.XiaoKongisdoingaresearchprojectonConfuciusphilosop
20、hy.TFNM3.AsoneofConfuciusdescendants,XiaoKongsnameisrecordedinthefamilytree.TFNM4.DachengHallisthetallestbuildinginQufu.TFNMWHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENINGP38 Exercise 3:Answer the question.A.Therearefamoushallsinhishometown.B.Therearenotallbuildingsinhishometown.C.Bothplaceshaveafamouspersonwhowasbo
21、rnthere.D.Hishometowndoesntallowotherbuildingstobemorenoticeablethanthehistoricbuildings.That is a famous Dacheng hall.you know,It is so well respected in Qufu that no other buildings in the city can be taller than it.Wow,Thats respect.Its a little bit like my hometown.WHILE LISTENINGWHILE LISTENING
22、An idiom is an expression which means something different the meaning of the individual words.Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning.Other idioms can only be understood from the content in which they appear.P39 Exercise 4:Write down the English idioms that
23、 are used in the conversation.EnglishEnglish idiom idiomMeaningMeaningChineseChinese equivalent equivalentAchilles heelpull ones legfish out of waterSomething that is someones weaknessto joke with someoneSomeone who feels uncomfortable because they are in an unfamiliar place弱点；要害弱点；要害戏弄戏弄如芒在背如芒在背W:E
24、xcuseme,doyouspeakEnglish?ImlookingfortheConfuciusTemple,but1._theyremyAchillesheel!X:Oh,hello,yes.Comewithme2._.Bytheway,whatdoes“Achillesheel”mean?W:Oh,itmeansthat3._Imreallybadwithmaps!SodoyouknowmuchaboutConfucius?Hes4._.Hewassuchawiseman.X:Oh,yes.Iwasbornhere.Infact,IbelieveIam5._ofConfuciushim
25、self.W:oway,yourepullingmyleg,right?Sohowdoyouknow6._Confucius?Didntheliveover2500yearsago?X:Yes,but7._.Hewasoverthreemilliondescendants.Sorryagain,whatdoes“pullingmyleg”mean?W:Oh,sorry,itmeansto8._.Anyway,soyoureactuallygoingtothetempleto9_?Im going to the temple right nowIm not good at mapsyoure r
26、elated to a descendant something is my weaknessone of my favourite philosopherspay respects to your relativejoke with someonehis family tree is well recorded弱点；要害戏弄What do you know about Confucius ideas on education?Think of two or three examples.What else do you know about Confucius and his philoso
27、phy?Confucius saw education as a process of constant self-improvement and held that its primary function was the training of noblemen(junzi).He saw public service as the natural consequence of education and sought to revitalize Chinese social institutions,including the family,school,community,state,
28、and kingdom.Confucius,Chinese Kongfuzi (born 551 BC in the state of Lu,died 479)Ancient Chinese teacher,philosopher,and political theorist.Born into a poor family,he managed stables and worked as a bookkeeper while educating himself.Mastery of the six arts ritual,music,archery,charioteering,calligra
29、phy,and arithmeticand familiarity with history and poetry enabled him to begin a brilliant teaching career in his thirties.1do a research project on 2Confucius philosophy3as one of Confucius descendants 4be similar to5present an idea6Achilles heel7pull ones leg8fish out of water做一个做一个的研究项目的研究项目孔子哲学孔子哲学作为孔子的弟子之一作为孔子的弟子之一与与相似相似呈现观点呈现观点弱点弱点；要害；要害 戏弄戏弄如芒在背如芒在背；感到不自在感到不自在 /不适应不适应THANK YOU FOR THANK YOU FOR LISTENLISTENINGING谢谢谢谢
