1、授课人：希希授课人：希希CONTENTSCONTENTS定语从句分类定语从句分类0101关系代词关系代词0202关系副词关系副词0303非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句0404习题训练习题训练05050101定语从句分类定语从句分类红色部分有什么作用？修饰名词，相当于形容词，修饰名词，相当于形容词，作定语作定语哪些词可以作定语？n.paper bagadj.beautiful girldoing waiting roomdone fallen leavesI have homework to finish.不定式the picture on the wall介词短语What is 定语？I h
2、ave a pretty sister.The colorful pictures are put on the wall.She bought a blue pen.He is a handsome man.大部分定语为adj./n.,修饰后面的名词。I like a book.My father bought me the book.合并：I like a book that my father bought me.This is the doll.You are looking for the doll.合并：This is the doll that you are looking f
3、or.I know the man.The man is crying in the car.合并：I know the man who is crying in the car.What is 定语从句？Note:两个简单句，第二个简单句相同成分换成关系词。I like a book that my father bought me.This is the doll that you are looking for.I know the man who is crying in the car.定语从句是修饰名词（代词）的句子。结构：先行词（名词/代词）+关系词+从句主句（完整句子）从句（缺
4、成分）Whats the difference?从句与先行词之间有逗有逗号号I went to London,where I spent my summer holiday.从句与先行词之间无逗号She is my neighbor who is a famous writer.0 02 2关系代词关系代词What is 关系词？whenwherewhywhowhomwhosewhichthat我叫关系副词我叫关系代词语法填空主要考察关系词“五步法完成定语从句关系词选择”：找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系代词I
5、 found the pen I lost yesterday.找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系代词the pen物I lost yesterday.I（主语）lost（谓语）yesterday（状语）.I lost the pen yesterday从句缺宾语当先行词是物，在从句中做宾语，用that/whichI like visiting places are not far away.找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系代词p
6、laces物are not far awayare not（谓语）far away（表语）places are not far away从句缺主语当先行词是物，在从句中做主语，用that/whichDo you know the boy is my desk mate?找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系代词the boy人is my desk mateis（谓语）my desk mate（表语）the boy is my desk mate从句缺主语当先行词是人，在从句中做主语，用whoThe young man
7、 I met yesterday is from the UK.找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系代词the young man人I met yesterdayI（主语）met（谓语）yesterday（状语）I met the young man yesterday从句缺宾语当先行词是人，在从句中做宾语，用whomThe man son is a doctor is our headmaster.找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系
8、代词the man人son is a doctorson（主语）is（谓语）a doctor（表语）The mans son is a doctor当先行词是人，在从句中做定语，用whoseThe book cover is red is interesting.找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系代词the book物cover is redcover（主语）is（谓语）red（表语）The books cover is red当先行词是物，在从句中做定语，用whose翻译练习周杰伦是从台湾来的歌手。Jay Ch
9、ou is a singer who comes from Taiwan.翻译练习那个戴红蝴蝶结的女人看起来很兴奋。The woman who wears a red bow looks very excited.翻译练习这条狗正在读一本名叫罗密欧与朱丽叶的书。The dog is reading a story which/that is called Romeo and Julia.Yesterday we had a meeting at we discussed many issues.找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句
10、中 选择对应关系代词a meeting物at we discussed many issuesat we（主语）discussed（谓语）many issues（宾语）we discussed many issues at a meeting当先行词是物，在从句中做宾语，前面有介词时候，只能用whichDo you know the girl with the man talked just now?找先行词，看是人还是物 找从句（从句从横线开始到第二个谓语动词之前结束）分析从句成分 先行词放入从句中 选择对应关系代词the girl人with the man talked just now
11、with the man（主语）talked（谓语）just now（状语）the man talked with the girl just now当先行词是人，在从句中做宾语，前面有介词时候，只能用whom关系代词所修饰的先行词关系代词在从句中做成分who指人主语whom指人宾语whose指人或物定语that指物主语、宾语which指物主语、宾语A.B.C.D.单项选择whowhom which whatThe girl _ is sitting under the tree comes from England.1.D.A.B.C.单项选择This is the book _ I bou
12、ght yesterday.whichthat 2.不填A,B and CD.A.B.C.单项选择Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?whowhom3.whatwhichD.A.B.C.单项选择Shanghai is a city _ most of us want to visit this summer.whowhich 4.thatBoth B and CA.B.C.D.单项选择whichwhatwhen whoMay 4 is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.5.D.
13、A.B.C.单项选择The girl _ you saw in the street is Mary.whowhom 6.thatA,B and CD.A.B.C.单项选择The person to _ you will write is Mr.Smith.thatwhom 7.who whichD.A.B.C.单项选择He is the boy _ name is Jack.thatwhose8.whowhenD.A.B.C.单项选择Where is the camera _ my father bought in Japan?Oh,let me see.I put it in your s
14、uitcase.whenwhose9.thatwhat语法填空They are the men _ I saw yesterday.1.Hangzhou is a city _ is famous for the West Lake.2.This is the village _ I wrote to you about.3.I cant find the shop _ I bought this computer from.4.Nina is making a bookcase _ is for her little sister.5.who/whom/不填that/whichthat/wh
15、ich/不填which/that/不填that/which语法填空Richard sent me a postcard _ he wrote during his trip.6.Jay doesnt like coffee _ is bad for our health.7.Frank often goes to the sports center at_ his friend is working.8.These are the books _ I bought yesterday.9.Kitty showed me a picture _ was taken when she was ab
16、road.10.which/that/不填which/thatwhich/不填which/that/不填which/that改写句子The man who is listening to the stereo will enter for a competition.（改为简单句）The man is listening to the stereo.He will enter for a competition.改写句子Everyone is looking at the woman.who is dancing in the square.（改为简单句）Everyone is looking
17、 at the woman.She is dancing in the square.改写句子I went to the place.It was full of people.（合并句子）I went to the place.that/which was full of people.改写句子The woman is sitting behind me.I saw her last night.（合并句子）The woman who/whom/不填 I saw last night is sitting behind me.改写句子The dictionary is missing.I o
18、ften borrow it from Tom.（合并句子）The dictionary which/不填 I often borrow from Tom is missing.改写句子Linda gave me a surprise.It made me very happy.（合并句子）Linda gave me a surprise,which made me very happy.特殊情况：1.当指物的先行词是all,anything,everything,something,nothing,much,little,none等不定代词或被这些不定代词修饰时，关系词一般用that。在从句
19、中充当宾语时，that可以省略。That is all(that)I can do now.There is much work(that)he has to do.特殊情况：2.当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词，以及the only,the very,the right,the last等修饰时，关系代词只能用that。在从句中充当宾语时，that可以省略。It is the best novel(that)I have ever heard.This is the first step that leads to success.The painting is the very thing
20、that appeals to Jack.特殊情况：3.当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时，定语从句要用that引导，而不能用which。The writer and his novel that you have just talked about interest me greatly.4.当主句是who或which开头疑问句时，只用that。Who was the girl(that)you spoke to just now?特殊情况：5.先行词如果是指人的one，ones，anyone，those时，关系词只能用who或whom。Those who have good manners
21、 will be highly respected.Anyone who does that must be mad.6.在there be 句型中，只用that，不用which。There were only five new models that were on shown.as引导限制性定语从句：（1）such+n.+as I dont like such a man as tells lies.（2）the same+n.+asI have the same book as you bought yesterday.（3）so.as.Heres so big a stone as n
22、obody can lift.（4）as.as.He drives as expensive a car as he can afford.0 03 3关系副词关系副词关系词：关系副词关系词：关系副词when表时间表时间I will never forget the day I first saw you.我不会忘记那一天我不会忘记那一天我第一次遇见你我第一次遇见你我不会忘记我不会忘记我第一次遇见你的我第一次遇见你的那一天那一天。when关系词：关系副词关系词：关系副词when表时间表时间I will never forget the day I first saw you.whenI wil
23、l never forget the day I first saw you.介词介词+which先行词先行词从句从句将先行词放入从句中将先行词放入从句中I first saw you the day.onon whichwhen表示时间，只能跟在表时间表示时间，只能跟在表时间的名词后。的名词后。相当于相当于on/in/at which。（大部分情况下是（大部分情况下是on which）I found mother cooking for me when I got home.I will never forget the time when I spent my childhood in t
24、he country.判断下面哪个是定语从句？判断下面哪个是定语从句？第一个是时间状语从句，第二个是定语从句。第一个是时间状语从句，第二个是定语从句。关系词：关系副词关系词：关系副词where表地点表地点This is the cinema he watched the film yesterday.这是电影院这是电影院他昨天看电影他昨天看电影这是他这是他昨天看电影的昨天看电影的电影院电影院。where关系词：关系副词关系词：关系副词where表地点表地点This is the cinema he watched the film yesterday.whereThis is the cine
25、ma he watched the film yesterday.介词介词+which先行词先行词从句从句将先行词放入从句中将先行词放入从句中 He watched the film yesterday the cinema.ininwhichwhere表示地点，只能跟在表地点表示地点，只能跟在表地点的名词后。的名词后。相当于相当于in/at which。（大部分情况下是（大部分情况下是in which）He returned to the small town where he was born.They will go where they are happy.判断下面哪个是定语从句？判断
26、下面哪个是定语从句？第一个是定语从句，第二个是地点状语从句。第一个是定语从句，第二个是地点状语从句。补充：补充：当先行词为当先行词为stage，situation，case，point等表示等表示抽象地点名词抽象地点名词，且定从缺状语时候，用且定从缺状语时候，用where或或in which引导。引导。They have now reached the stage where they have to seperate with each other.他们如今已经到了不得不分手的阶段。他们如今已经到了不得不分手的阶段。牛刀小试1.Its helpful to put children in a
27、 situation _ they can see themselves differently.2.I have reached a point in my life _ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.3.Life is like a long race _ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.wherewherewhere关系词：关系副词关系词：关系副词why表原因表原因This is the reason he was late yesterday.这是原因这是原因他昨天迟到他昨
28、天迟到这是他这是他昨天迟到的昨天迟到的原因原因。why关系词：关系副词关系词：关系副词why表原因表原因This is the reason he was late yesterday.介词介词+which先行词先行词从句从句将先行词放入从句中将先行词放入从句中 He was late yesterday the reason.forfor whichThis is the reason he was late yesterday.whywhy表示原因，只能跟在表原因的表示原因，只能跟在表原因的名词后，名词后，通常是通常是reason一个词一个词。相当于相当于for which。I dont
29、know the reason for which he said these words.We stayed at home for it was raining outside just now.判断下面哪个是定语从句？判断下面哪个是定语从句？第一个是定语从句，第二个是原因状语从句。第一个是定语从句，第二个是原因状语从句。当从句完整时候，考虑关系副词（在从句中做状语）当从句完整时候，考虑关系副词（在从句中做状语）This is the place he works.This is the place we visited last year.That was the time he arr
30、ived.Do you still remember the time we spent together?This is the reason he went.The reason he gave us was quite reasonable.易混点易混点:什么时候用关系代词，什么时候用关系副词？什么时候用关系代词，什么时候用关系副词？wherewhenwhythat/whichthat/whichthat/which关系副词所修饰的先行词关系副词在从句中所作成分when表示时间的名词（day,time,moment,minute等）作时间状语，相当于“介词+which”where表示地点
31、的名词（place,village等）；或case,point,situation等作地点状语，相当于“介词+which”why表示原因的名词（reason）作原因状语，相当于for which特殊情况：当先行词是the way时（1）引导词在从句中做主语、宾语等，可以用that或which，作宾语也可以省略引导词。Many students didnt understand the way(that/which)the professor explained to them in class.（2）引导词在从句中作方式状语时，可以用that或in which，也可以省略引导词。He didn
32、t understand the way(that/in which)I worked out the problem.?牛刀小试：请将关系词换一换，句意不变。I still remember the day when I first came to this school.1The time when we got together finally arrived.2Shanghai is the city where I was born.3on which at whichin which?牛刀小试：请将关系词换一换，句意不变。The house where I lived ten ye
33、ars ago has been pulled down.4The reason why he was punished is unknown to us.5I dont know the reason why he looks unhappy today.6at whichfor whichfor which牛刀小试：用适当的关系词填空Liao is a student in Class 2,_ is a lovely group.He has a wonderful English teacher _ is intelligent and reliable.Thats the reason
34、 _ he loves English best.From time to time,he misses the time _ he was still a quiet person.whichwhywhowhen1牛刀小试：用适当的关系词填空Years ago,he went to a coffee shop _ he read books in his spare time.All of a sudden,a girl _ eyes were bright and sparkling caught his eye.He made up his mind to talk to her.Aft
35、er that day,Liao became outgoing and talkative.wherewhose2牛刀小试：句子改错As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time which he should be able to be independent.1whichwhen牛刀小试：句子改错Please tell me the reason that you missed the plane.2thatwhyThats the hotel which we were staying la
36、st summer.3whichwhere牛刀小试：句子改错Thats the palace where we visited last summer.4wherewhichThe country is in the situation when a war will break out at any time.5whenwherethat句子改错The reason which he didnt go to school is that he was ill.1whichfor which I will never forget the days which we had a good ti
37、me together at the sea.2whichin whichwhywhen真题派送1.There was once a town in the heart of America,_ all life seemed to enjoy peaceful existence with its surroundings,”.2.But for all its ancient buildings,Beijing is also a place _ welcomes the fast-paced development of modern life.3.At the Chinese art
38、festival,there are different stands _ artists demonstrate their skills and teach the visitors.wherewhich/that where真题派送4.Now Irene Astbury works from 9 a.m.to 5 p.m.daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，_she opened with her late husband Les.5.In the spring,a season _ we are learning new rhythms of l
39、ife,many of us find comfort in the natural world.which when 真题派送7.Many lessons are now available online,from _ students can choose for free.which 8.China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot _ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.where“介词+which/whom”常见结构：“th
40、e+名词+of which”和“of which the+名词”，可以用“whose+名词”代替。whose 既可指人，又可指物，“whose+名词”在从句中可作主语、动词或介词的宾语。This is the book the cover of which/of which the cover is designed by Mr.Jones.T=his is the book whose cover is designed by Mr.Jones.He is an actor whose name is well known to the world.“介词+which/whom”常见结构：表
41、示部分的词语+of+关系代词（which，whom）常见的表示部分的词语有：不定代词 all，both，none，either，some，any，most，few，several 等；数词（基数词、序数词、百分数、分数）；数词+名词；the+最高级/比较级。Present at the meeting were almost experts on psychology,most of whom came from the US.在“介词+which/whom结构”中，如何选择介词？根据和从句中动词的搭配。The man with whom I talked just now is from B
42、eijing University.、根据和从句中形容词的搭配。Yesterday I visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.根据和先行词的搭配。He built a telescope,through which he could study stars.根据句意My computer,without which I cant play computer games,broke down yesterday.In our class all the fifty students took part in the final ex
43、am.Only one of them didnt pass the exam.In our class all the fifty students took part inthe final exam,only one _ _ didntpass the exam.of whomThe day will come.Ordinary people can travel to the moon on the day.The day _ _ ordinary people can travel to the moon will come.on whichDo you still remember
44、 those days?We worked together in those days.Do you still remember those days _ _ we worked together.in whichThe famous scientist once lived and worked in the village.Does this road lead to the village?Does this road lead to the village _ _ the famous scientist once lived and worked?in whichThe post
45、man comes at 6:30 in the morning.I am usually fast asleep at that time.The postman comes at 6:30 in the morning,_ _ _ I am usually fast asleep.at which timeIts reported that two schools will open next year.They are being built in my hometown.Its reported that two schools,both _ _ are being built in
46、my hometown,will open next year.of whichHe has saved another thousand dollars.He could support his family with the money.He has saved another thousand dollars _ _ he could support his family.with which Mr.Li will go abroad to study for a year.We have made great progress in maths with the help of him
47、.Mr.Li,_ _ _ _ _ we have made great progress in maths,will go abroad to study for a year.with the help of whom Thats a practical problem.I will still need tofind a solution to it.Thats a problem _ _ I will stillneed to find a solution.to which The river has been seriously damaged.There used to be ma
48、ny beautiful flowers on its banks.The river _ _ _ there used to be many beautiful flowers has been seriously damaged.on whose banks0 04 4非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句What is非限制性定语从句？非限制性定语从句与主句常常用逗号隔开，从句是对先行词的附加说明，去掉从句，句子意思仍然完整。引导词：which,who,whom,where,when,as,whose。She is my neighbor,who is a famous writer.I we
49、nt to London,where I spent my summer holiday.He puts off the picnic until May 6,when he will not be so busy.牛刀小试：翻译句子1.限制性定语从句：先译定语从句,后译先行词,常译作“.的”。The food which didnt put in the fridge has gone bad.2.非限制性定语从句：可译为并列句。The food,which didnt put in the fridge,has gone bad.没有放在冰箱的食物已经坏了。食物没有放进冰箱里，已经坏了。非
50、限制性定语从句限制性定语从句去掉后，句意仍完整去掉后，句意不完整逗号隔开没有逗号隔开对先行词补充说明对先行词修饰限定探索发现注意点：（1）关系词不能省略。Mr.White,for whom I was working,was very generous.（2）先行词可以为整个主句，通常用which引导，翻译为“这.”。They had to sleep in wet clothes,which was quite comfortable.（3）that不能引导非限制性定语从句。牛刀小试：语法填空I live in Beijing,is the capital of China.1I have
