1、2023年高考英语模拟试卷注意事项1考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回2答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置3请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符4作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效5如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗第一部分 （共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）1Have you found the new f
2、lat advertised in the newspaper? Yes. But the community_ very large and I nearly got lost just now.Ahad beenBwasCwill beDis2I have been considering cancelling the project because it seems hard to go farther.But its too early to_ now. Theres still much hope.Apick up the piecesBthrow in the towelCgo t
3、hrough your pacesDjump down your throat3 you start eating in a healthier way, weight control will become much easier.AUnlessBAlthoughCBeforeDOnce4Ken, _, but the music you are enjoying is too loud.Oh, Im terribly sorry. Ill turn it down on the spot.AI am really tired of this BI need your helpCId lik
4、e to talk with you DI hate to say this5Its _ me why Alice gave up her job and got married.AunderBaboveCoverDbeyond6The part in the film the man broke down the door made some of the audience give a cry.AwhichBwhoCwhereDwhom7During the economic crisis, we should help those for _life is far from easyAw
5、homBwhoseCwhoDwhoever8If Kate had known what was _ for her, she would not have married Tom.Ain responseBin returnCin reactionDin store9You look sleepy today._ not to miss the flight, I didnt dare to close my eyes the whole night.ARemindedBBeing remindedCRemindingDHaving reminded10 Do you like the bo
6、ok you father bought you? Very much. Its exactly_I wanted.AwhichBthatCwhatDhow11Hawking believes the earth is unlikely to be the only planet _ life has developed gradually.AthatBwhyCwhereDwhose12The athletes, especially the winners, should remain modest _ rapid progress they have made.AwhateverBhowe
7、verChow muchDno matter13Agatha didnt tell me _ she would pick up her son from school.Awhich BwhenCwhere Dwhat14Are you free now? I have something important to tell you.OK, _ you make it short. I will have to finish this report before noon.Anow that Bas soon asCevery time Das long as15You know quite
8、a lot about the fashion show.Well, Cathy _ it to me during lunch.Aintroduces BintroducedChad introduced Dwill introduce16Most of the money for the reconstruction of the quake-stricken town has been allocated by the government, the rest _ from the coming charity concerts.Ato be collectedBhaving been
9、collectedCbeing collectedDto have been collected17-Where is my Chinese book? I remember I put it here yesterday.-You _ it in the wrong place.Amust putBshould have putCmight have putDmight put18The International Monetary Fund has received both criticism and for its efforts to promote financial stabil
10、ity, prevent crises, facilitate trade, and reduce poverty.AworshipBcreditCargumentDprivilege19 I wonder what chance there is of me passing by the old places without thinking of you. _. Time cures all wounds.AMy pleasureBDont mention itCI cant agree moreDNever mind20-Could you please cut the price a
11、little? -Er. _ you buy more than ten.Aeven ifBso long asCin caseDas soon as第二部分 阅读理解（满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。21（6分）How much weight a baby gains during its first month could determine its IQ, as a new research suggests. The study found that children who gain more weight, and whose head
12、s grow quickly during the first month of life, tend to have a higher IQ when they start school.Researchers at the University of Adelaide, in Australia studied 13,800 children who were born at full-term. They found that those who put on 40% of their birth weight in the first four weeks had an IQ 1.5
13、points higher than those who only put on 15% of their birth weight. Those who experienced the biggest growth in head circumference (头围) also had the highest IQs by the age of six.“Head circumference is an indicator of brain volume, so a greater increase in head circumference in a newly-born baby sug
14、gests more rapid brain growth,” says the led author of the study, Dr. Lisa Smithers.She added, “Overall, newly-born children who grew faster in the first four weeks had higher IQ scores later in life. Those children who gained the most weight scored especially high on verbal (言语) IQ at age 6. This m
15、ay be because the neural (神经的) structures for verbal IQ develop earlier in life, which means the rapid weight gain during the first month could be having a direct cognitive benefit for the children.”Previous studies have shown the association between early postnatal (产后的) diet and IQ, but this is th
16、e first study of its kind to focus on the IQ benefits of rapid weight gain in the first month of life. Dr. Smithers says the study further highlights the need for successful feeding of newly-born babies. “We know that many mothers have difficulty establishing breastfeeding in the first week of their
17、 babies life,” Dr. Smithers said.“The findings of our study suggest that if babies are having feeding problems, there needs to be early intervention (干预) in the management of that feeding.”1、The study mainly shows that _Ahead circumference is certainly connected to IQ.Bbabies heads grow quickly duri
18、ng the first month.Cfull-term babies tend to be cleverer than premature babies. (早产儿)Dthe more weight newly-born babies gain, the higher IQ they are likely to have.2、How did the researchers get their conclusion from the study?ABy asking questions.BBy making comparison.CBy having a discussion.DBy ref
19、erring to documents.3、According to Dr. Lisa Smithers, we can learn that _Aa kids verbal IQ scores reach its highest at age six.Bthis study helps parents find feeding problems.Cquick weight gain benefits newly born babies on verbal IQ.Dthis study reminds parents of the need for breastfeeding.4、The st
20、udy differs from previous ones that _Ait associates early postnatal diet with IQ.Bit pays attention to the IQ of newly-born babies.Cit emphasizes the significance of successful feeding.Dit first focuses on the relation between IQ and weight gain in the first month of life.22（8分） Grey clouds move as
21、low as smoke over the treetops at Lolo Pass. The ground is white. The day is June 10. It has been snowing for the past four days in the Bitterroot Mountains. Wayne Fairchild is getting worried about our trek over the Lolo Trail 95 miles from Lolo Montana to Weippe in Idaho, across the roughest count
22、ry in the West. Lewis and Clark were nearly defeated 200 years ago by snowstorms on the Lolo. Today Fairchild is nervously checking the weather reports. He has agreed to take me across the toughest, middle section of the trail.When Lewis climbed on top of Lemhi Pass, 140 miles south of Missoula, on
23、August 12, 1805, he was astonished by what was in front of him; “high mountain chains still to the West of us with their tops partially covered with snow.” Nobody in what was then the US knew the Rocky Mountains existed, with peaks twice as high as anything in the Appalachians back East.Today their
24、pathway through those mountains holds more attraction than any other ground over which they traveled, for its raw wilderness is an evidence to the character of two cultures: the explorers who braved its hardships and the Native Americans who prize and conserve the path as a sacred (神圣的) gift. It rem
25、ains today the same condition as when Lewis and Clark walked it.The Lolo is passable only from July to mid-September. Our luck is holding with the weather, although the snow keeps getting deeper. As we climb to Indian Post Office, the highest point on the trail at 7,033 ft, we have covered 13 miles
26、in soft snow, and we hardly have enough energy to make dinner. After a meal of chicken, I sit on a rock on top of the ridge (山脊). There is no light visible in any direction, not even another campfire. For four days we do not see another human being. We are occupied with the things that mix fear with
27、 joy. In our imagination we have finally caught up with Lewis and Clark.1、According to the passage, the word “trek” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.Aa comfortable walk in a separate countryBa pleasant journey across the countrysideCa journey over untraveled pathwaysDa long, hard journey ov
28、er rough areas2、We learn from the text that before 1805 _.Athe Rocky Mountains were wholly covered with snowBthere were no people living in the western part of AmericaCno Americans knew of the existence of the Rocky MountainsDthe Appalachians were the western frontier of the United States3、We learn
29、from the text that the Lolo Pass _.Aremains much the same as it was 200 years agoBis the meeting point of three culturesChas changed a lot since 1805Dnow attracts a large number of tourists to visit4、Judging from the text, Lewis and Clark were most probably _.Atwo native IndiansBexplorers of the ear
30、ly 19th centuryCmerchants who did business with the IndiansDtravelers whose curiosity took them over the Lolo Pass5、We can infer from the text that when crossing the Lolo Pass the author _.Awas attempting the impossibleBwas trying to set a world recordCwas following the trail of Lewis and ClarkDwas
31、fighting with weather and taking unnecessary risks23（8分）The researchers say a person loses two months for every kilogram overweight they are and seven years for smoking a packet of cigarettes a day.Unusually, the Edinburgh university team found their answers by analysing differences in peoples genet
32、ic code or DNAFinally they think it will show new ways of helping us to live longer.The group used the genetic code of more than 600, 000 people who are taking part in a natural experiment. If someone smokes, drinks, drops out of school and is overweight, it can be difficult to identify the impact o
33、f one specific unhealthy behavior.Instead, the researchers turned to the natural experiment. Some people carry mutations(变异) in their DNA that increase(食欲) or make them more likely to put on weight, so researchers were able to compare those programmed to eat more with those who were not. The researc
34、h team also found specific mutations in human DNA that alter lifespan (寿命).Mutations in a gene (a set of instructions in DNA) that is involved in running the immune system could add seven months of life on average.People with a mutation that increased levels of bad cholesterol knocked eight months o
35、ff lifespan.A rare mutation in a geneAPOElinked to dementia reduced lifespan by 11 months.And one that made smoking more appealing cut lives by five months.Dr Joshi says that while genes do influence lifespan, “youve got even more influence” through the choices you make. Dr Joshi said, “We hope to d
36、iscover genes affecting lifespan to give us new information about ageing and construct treatment tor ageing.”There are also some disease mutations that clearly affect lifespan and to destructive effect, such as the Huntingtons gene. People with Huntingtons often die in their 20s.However, in order to
37、 follow people until the end of their lives, many of the people studied were born before 1940.1、What is the most difficult for the researchers to find?AThe differences in peoples genetic code.BThe reasons why people put on weight very easily.CThe results of many natural and massive experiments.DOne
38、bad behaviours effect on people with many bad behaviours.2、Which of the following mutations affects lifespan most greatly?AOne linked to controlling immune system.BOne increasing unhealthy cholesterol.COne called APOE involved in dementia.DOne making smoking more attractive.3、Whats the meaning of Dr
39、 Joshis study?ATo help stop mutations. BTO find diseases earlier.CTO make people live longer. DTO reduce the effects of genes.4、Why did researchers mainly study people born before 1940?ATo follow them until they die. BTO educate them an extra year.CTo show they are more important. DTo make them live
40、 happier.24（8分）Scientists say we are all born with a knack for mathematics. Every time we scan the cafeteria for a table that will fit all of our friends, were exercising the ancient estimation center in our brain.Stanislas Dehaene was the first researcher to show that this part of the brain exists.
41、 In 1989, he met Mr. N who had suffered a serious brain injury. Mr. N couldnt recognize the number 5, or add 2 and 2. But he still knew that there are “about 50 minutes” in an hour. Dehaene drew an important conclusion from his case: there must be two separate mathematical areas in our brains. One a
42、rea is responsible for the math we learn in school, and the other judges approximate amounts.So what does the brains estimation center do for us? Harvard University researcher Elizabeth Spelke has spent a lot of time posing math problems to preschoolers. When he asks 5-year-olds to solve a problem l
43、ike 21+30, they cant do it. But he has also asked them questions such as, “Sarah has 21 candles and gets 30 more. John has 34 candles. Who has more candles?” It turns out preschoolers are great at solving questions like that. Before theyve learned how to do math with numerals and symbols, their brai
44、ns approximation centers are already hard at work.After we learn symbolic math, do we still have any use for our inborn math sense? Justin Halberda at Johns Hopkins University gave us an answer in his study. He challenged a group of 14-year-olds with an approximation test: The kids stared at a compu
45、ter screen and saw groups of yellow and blue dots flash by, too quickly to count. Then they had to say whether there had been more blue dots or yellow dots. The researchers found that most were able to answer correctly when there were 25 yellow dots and 10 blue ones. When the groups were closer in s
46、ize, 11 yellow dots and 10 blue ones, fewer kids answered correctly.The big surprise in this study came when the researcher compared the kids approximation test scores to their scores on standardized math tests. He found that kids who did better on the flashing dot test had better standardized test
47、scores, and vice versa (反之亦然). It seems that, far from being irrelevant, your math sense might predict your ability at formal math.1、From the first two studies, we can learn that estimation center _.Ais divided into two separate mathematical areasBcan help figure out numerals and symbols problemsCfunctions independently in both kids and adults brainsDworks better when
