1、陕西省部分学校2024-2025学年高三上学期12月联考英语试卷一、阅读理解Community Science Festival: a Celebration of Innovation and LearningThe Community Science Festival is an annual event that brings together students. educators and science enthusiasts to celebrate the wonders of science and technology. The years festival will be
2、held on July 15th at the citys Central Park, offering a variety of engaging activities and workshops for all ages.Event 1: Science Fair(9:00 AM-12:00 PM)Kick off the day with a science fair showcasing innovative projects from local schools and universities. Visitors can interact with students, ask q
3、uestions, and learn about the lates scientific discoveries.Event 2: Robotics Workshop(1:00 PM-3:00 PM)Join our team of experts for a hands-on robotics workshop. Participants will have the opportunity to build and program their own robots, learning the basics of robotics and coding.Event 3: Environme
4、ntal Science Talks(3:30 PM-5:00 PM)Listen to experts discuss the importance of environmental conservation and sustainable living. These talks will cover topics such as climate change, renewable energy, especial individual actions that can make a difference.Event 4: Star Gazing Session(8:00 PM-10:00
5、PM)End the day with a star gazing session led by astronomers from the citys observatory Learn about the constellations, planets, and the mysteries of the universe under the night sky.Registration and Details: All events are free, but registration is required. Visit o website to sign up for each even
6、t. Space is limited, so register early to secure your spot. For more information, contact us at sciencefestivalcommunityedu.org.1Whats the main goal of the festival?ATo exhibit student projects.BTo educate the public on science.CTo fundraise for schools.DTo discuss innovative issues.2What does the E
7、nvironmental Science Talks manly focus on?ADebates on the environment.BBusiness of conservation.CEconomics of sustainability.DPersonal climate actions.3Who is the Star Gazing Session for?AAdvanced educators.BFuture space scientists.CGeneral sky watchers.DProfessional astronomers.Ramtiniwati Ramlee i
8、s one of Sarawaks top songket weavers (织布工). Her company, Seri Gedong Songket, operates from a pair of wooden buildings in her hometown of Gedong, 90 minutes southeast of Kuching. She employs 10 women, all of them playing a key role in preserving this traditional craft.Songket is a fabric woven from
9、 cotton that incorporates patterns using gold or silver threads. The name comes from the Malay word meaning “to hook”, referring to the technique where a weaver hooks a section of the base threads and weaves the gold or silver thread through the gap. Its a luxurious material, typically worn by men,
10、which features in important festivals and events.Ramtiniwatis workshop is a busy place. There are 10 stages involved in making songket from dyeing the threads to picking out the chosen patterns. I watch a woman sitting on the floor beside a wooden frame containing rows of spinning threads. Ramtiniwa
11、ti learnt how to make songket in Kuching before returning home to set up her business. “When orders became overwhelming, I got help from the community, where the team developed the workshop into what you see today,” she tells me proudly. None of the first group of the workers had any weaving skills
12、before, so Ramtiniwati had to train each of them from zero. The team includes several members of her own family. “One of my sisters is weaving, and my sister-in-law is connecting the threads,” Ramtiniwati explains.I take a look at some of the finished products, hanging on display around the edge of
13、the workshop. Theres a black piece of clothing with silver thread and a white piece of clothing with gold. Another contains traditional patterns, based on plants. Ramtiniwati says it can take up to five months to create the most intricate piece. And she further explains and shows me how the complica
14、ted clothing is worn, wrapped around the waist and over the shoulder in a series of folds.In fact, songket is becoming a dying art because most of the remaining weavers are very old. “I am committed to keeping songket alive and offering a livelihood to the local community,” Ramtiniwati says.4What as
15、pect does the name “songket” come from?AIts practical use.BIts multiple colors.CIts weaving method.DIts traditional patterns.5What do we know about the initial workers at Ramtiniwatis workshop?AThey were all old professional weavers.BThey were all trained in the community.CThey all had some extensiv
16、e weaving skills.DThey all specialized in modern fabric designs.6What does the underlined word “intricate” in paragraph 4 mean?AComplex.BTraditional.CColorful.DTrendy.7Which word best describes Ramtiniwati?AHumble.BConventional.CSympathetic.DResponsible.Dogs may possess a deeper understanding than w
17、hat they outwardly exhibit. Pet dogs brains displayed neural (神经的) signs of surprise when their owners showed them an unexpected toy. The findings suggest that dogs create mental concepts of objects.“Anyone who has ever interacted very much with a dog probably is not so surprised to know that dogs u
18、nderstand that their speech is referring to at least a few common objects,” says scientist Ellen Lau. But the majority may have assumed that this sort of “understanding” is just a simple, almost automatic response to the pronunciation of the term.Some unusually gifted dogs have extraordinary vocabul
19、ary. A famous dog named Chaser knew more than 1,000 words for toys, for instance. In an experiment, the dog heard a recording of its owners voice saying the word for a toy. Then, it saw the owner appear in a window holding up a toy. Electrodes (电极) on its head picked up stronger brain signals when a
20、n unexpected toy was presented instead of the one named by the owner.The researchers think the signal indicates surprise and suggests that the dog had already formed a mental concept and expectation of the toy after hearing that word. In fact, the signal was especially strong for a mismatch involvin
21、g words that the dogs reportedly knew very well. “That suggests that it is really about understanding and knowledge of the word,” Marianna Boros, the co-author of the study, says.Humans have this surprise signal, too. Its called the N400 effect, and it occurs in the brain just after something unexpe
22、cted happens. “There have been now thousands of human studies investigating and using this N400 effect,” Lau says. But there has been no evidence of a similar signal in dogs, until now.This neural signal of surprise in the dogs brains wasnt shocking. Scientists have previously found clues about how
23、dogs process meaningful words, but the findings give a glimpse into the mental lives of dogs that didnt exist before. They understand more signs than they show.8What do most people think of dogs understanding of human speech?AIt is passive.BIt is complicated.CIt is flexible.DIt is reflexive.9What di
24、d the experiment on Chaser reveal?ADogs can recognize their owners.BDogs have no preference for toys.CDogs brains react strongly to surprises.DDogs memories are limited by vocabularies.10What can be learned about dogs mental abilities?AThey have been fully understood.BThey are identical to those of
25、humans.CThey exclude the formation of object concepts.DThey are similar to humans in forming expectations.11What is the best title for the text?ADogs Can Understand Humans RequestsBDogs Know More Words than They Let onCDogs Have Pronunciation Signals in Their BrainsDDogs Are Extremely Talented in Le
26、arning WordsThe number of known mountains in the Earths oceans has approximately doubled. According to a researchers report, global satellite observations have revealed nearly 20,000 previously unknown seamounts.Just as mountains tower over the Earths surface, seamounts also rise above the ocean flo
27、or. The tallest mountain on the Earth, as measured from base to peak, is Mauna Kea, which is part of the Hawaiian-Emperor Seamount Chain. These underwater structures are often hot spots of oceanic biodiversity. Thats in a small part because their steep walls formed from the volcanic activity provide
28、 plenty of habitats. Most importantly, seamounts also promote upwelling of nutrient-rich water, which distributes beneficial chemical substances throughout the water column. “Theyre like stirring rods(长棒) in the ocean,” says David Sandwell, a geophysicist.More than 24,600 seamounts have been previou
29、sly mapped. One common way of finding these hidden mountains is to send sound waves to the seafloor with sonar. But thats an expensive and time-intensive process that requires a ship. “Only about 20 percent of the ocean has been mapped that way. There are a lot of gaps,” says a scientist, Julie Gevo
30、rgian.So Gevorgian, Sandwell and their colleagues turned to satellite observations, which provide global coverage of the worlds oceans, to survey seamounts. The team examined in detail satellite measurements of the height of the sea surface. The researchers looked for bumps(隆起) caused by the gravita
31、tional influence of a seamount. Because rock is denser than water, the presence of a seamount slightly changes the Earths gravitational field at that spot. “Theres an extra gravitational attraction. That causes water to pile up above the seamount,” Sandwell says.Using that technique, the team spotte
32、d 19,325 previously unknown seamounts. Most of the newly discovered underwater mountains are on the small side, estimated to be between roughly 700 and 2,500 meters tall.However, its possible that some seamounts can cause a risk to sailors when theyre shallow enough to fall within the depth range of
33、 submarines(潜水艇). In 2021, a nuclear submarine ran into an uncharted seamount. Continued scientific research is essential to prevent similar incidents in the future.12Which factor mainly makes Mauna Kea a suitable habitat for creatures?AThe stirring rods.BThe volcanic activity.CThe human interferenc
34、e.DThe abundant food sources.13What is Gevorgians attitude to using sonar to find the hidden mountains?AConfused.BContradictory.CUnsatisfied.DUncaring.14How did the researchers find seamounts according to paragraph 4?ABy detecting sea surface height changes.BBy measuring oceanic gravitational fields
35、.CBy observing seamounts impact on water.DBy studying underwater mountain formations.15Why is a nuclear submarine mentioned in the last paragraph?ATo honour the sailors.BTo emphasize its value in the future.CTo highlight the significance of the research.DTo show the exact depth of uncharted seamount
36、.What Stops Stainless Steel From RustingWhile some may find charm in a rusty (生锈的) beloved old bicycle, most find it to be a sign of damage and even a hidden danger. You probably dont want to actually bending that antique bike. 16 . So whats the secret?Rust is the result of iron reacting with oxygen
37、 in our or water to form iron oxide (氧化物). The process, known as oxidation, weakens the underlying material. 17 .Regular steel is made mostly of iron and carbon, while stainless steel contains 10.5 percent or more chromium (铬). Chromiums effect on iron and steel had been observed for decades, but it
38、 wasnt put to practical use until 1913, when a man named Harry Brearley was looking for ways to remove rust from guns. He found chromium appeared restaurant to rust. 18 . First he applied his “restless steel” to kitchenware. Then other household goods followed. The chromium interacts with oxygen to
39、create chromium ox: de on the surface. The chromium oxide acts as a protective layer, blocking oxygen from reaching the steel Because the protective layer is food-safe, its ideal for food preparation which explains why so many bowls, pans, and other cookware are made of stainless steel. 19 . That ha
40、ppens when the chromium content: is low, or if the material is exposed to saltwater, which weakens its effect. Consistent mechanical damage to the surface, like scratching it forcefully, can also harm the protective layer.Rust isnt inherently harmful to humans. If rust touches skin, it might leave a
41、 reddish-orange stain that can be removed with so np and water. 20 , though the United States Department of Agriculture advises against using rusted pans.AIn certain cases, stainless steel can develop rustBTaking in rust from cookware is also unlikely to hurt youCItems made from stainless steel, how
42、ever, appear rust freeDWhat he observed was that chromium essentially blocks oxygenEChromium plays an important role in stainless steels resistance to rustFAnd he quickly saw how his discovery could be used outside of firearmsGBut stainless steel contains an additional element that interrupts this p
43、rocess二、完形填空12-year-old Rebecca Taylor suffering from pancreatitis (胰腺炎) turned down an offer to meet her favorite Idol (偶像). Instead, she 21 the charity Rebeccas Wish to support pancreatitis patients. This happened after the Make-A-Wish Foundation asked Rebecca if she wanted to 22 the pop superstar
44、. Though she would have loved to spend time with her idol, Rebecca 23 said no to the rare 24 . She had something else in mind. “I want to start a pancreas center for other children so they dont 25 like I did.” she said.Rebecca has 26 a rare neurological (神经系统的) disorder that attacked her 27 includin
45、g her pancreas since she was seven. She has spent over 1,300 days in the hospital and 28 over 150 surgeries. So she always hopes to 29 the lives of others like her. Since 2018, Rebeccas Wish has 30 more than $ 3 million to provide supportive care for patents and 31 research.Rebeccas mother played a
46、huge role in her life and helped her start the charity. “She is a 32 ,” Rebecca shared. “Shes the only reason that Im alive today.” Her mother is just as 33 of her daughter, calling her “an absolute miracle”.As for meeting her 34 . Rebecca said. “If I met her. It would be for one day or an hour. But
47、 the pancreas center will be 35 . Ill work on it until the day I die.”21AleftBdemandedCestablishedDcontacted22AinterviewBmeetCbecomeDsupport23ApolitelyBcuriouslyCpatientlyDjokingly24AperformanceBexceptionCaccidentDopportunity25AdisappointBhesitateCsufferDcomplain26AbattledBdiscoveredCignoredDprevented27AmoodsBbeliefsCsensesDorgans28AundergoneBtriedCdeclinedDavoided29ArecordBexploreCchangeDappreciate30AraisedBearnedCsavedDborrowed31AassessBfundCpublishDapply32AleaderBfollowerCtalentDforce33AtiredBafraidCawareDproud34AdoctorBsuperstarCpatientDmother
