1、 1 佛山市南海区佛山市南海区 2021 届高三摸底测试届高三摸底测试 英英 语语 本试卷分选择题和非选择题两部分。共 8 页。满分 135 分。考试用时 120 分钟。 注意事项：注意事项： 1答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号等信息填涂在答题卡上。 2回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。 如需改动， 用橡皮擦干净后， 再选涂其他答案标号。 回答非选择题时， 将答案写在答题卡上， 写在本试卷上无效。 第二部分第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分阅读（共两节，满分 40 分）分） 第一节（共第一节（共 15 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 30 分）
2、分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A When I tell people I attended an all-girls school since age 4, Im met with expressions of either confusion, shock, curiosity or some combination of the three. I get the same responses: Why? Was it horrible? But how did you meet boys? Contrary to what many p
3、eople immediately assume, judging from their looks of sympathy, I really enjoyed going to an all-girls school. Going to a single-sex school shaped me in many valuable ways and allowed me to build amazing friendships. When it comes to single-sex education, I reject the idea that being in a single-sex
4、 environment makes one unable to interact with members of the opposite sex later in life. Contrary to this popular belief, everyone I knew at my school and other single-sex schools not only knew how to interact smoothly with members of the opposite sex, but they were also able to form actual friends
5、hips with those people outside of school time. Although the majority of my close friends were girls, I didnt get away from the outside world. Being in a single-sex environment also encouraged me to make more friends outside of school. These experiences gave me invaluable skills, many of which I have
6、 used in my first few weeks here at Stanford in making friends and building relationships. Another common belief about all-girls schools in particular is the presence of unfriendly behavior between students. There are unavoidably conflicts in all schools at some points, but I never noticed a connect
7、ion between single-sex schools and much disagreement. I would say that conflicts dont depend on whether youre at a single-sex or not, but rather on the personalities of the people you surround yourself with. I will be forever grateful for the experiences I had and the relationships I formed in my al
8、l-girls school environment, but Im equally so happy to be where I am now, experiencing new things everyday and growing more and more in the process. 21What does the author intend to do in paragraph l? ALead in to the topic. BAsk readers some questions. CSummarize peoples responses. DProvide backgrou
9、nd information. 2 22What does the underlined phrase “this popular belief” in paragraph 3 refer to? AStudents in single-sex schools cant make new friends. BStudents in single-sex schools cant get along well with others. CStudents in single-sex schools cant have the right concept of sex. DStudents in
10、single-sex schools cant communicate with the opposite sex. 23According to the author, what causes conflicts in schools? ASingle-sex environment. BDisagreement. CPeoples character. DMixed-sex environment. 24What does the author think of all-girls schools? AThey have beautiful environment. BThey have
11、more friendly students. CThey are better than ordinary schools. DThey offer students valuable experiences. B California researchers have found that oxygen levels and water temperatures play a key role in the health of deep-sea fish populations. Scientists studied fish on the floor of the Gulf（海湾） of
12、 California. This is an example of some of the video that we are analyzing for this research, said Natalya Gallo, a post-doctoral researcher at the Scripps Institution of Oceanography. She pointed to a video taken along the seafloor on the Gulf of California near the Mexican coast. The film came fro
13、m a remotely controlled submarine. Researchers use the underwater tool to calculate the influence of a warming ocean on fish. “The really big question that were trying to answer is how sensitive deep-sea communities（群 落） ，and in general ocean communities are going to be to these changes,” Gallo said
14、. Gallo and the other researchers on the team studied the northern gulf, which is closer to normal ocean conditions and the southern gulf, which has one of the planets most extreme low oxygen ocean zones. The findings will help scientists understand changes in other places. As the ocean gets hotter,
15、 the warmer water is not capable of holding the same amount of oxygen. We know that oxygen is declining in the ocean globally, said Lisa Levin, a Scripps Institution of Oceanography, biological oceanographer. And that the really low oxygen zones, oxygen minimum zones are expanding as the ocean warms
16、. Scientists already expect certain outcomes from climate-related changes. The body size of animals will get lower as the ocean warms and the oxygen declines and overall, the oceans will become less productive, Levin said. The research findings are published in the current edition of the Journal Mar
17、ine Ecology Progress Series. 25What is the purpose of Gallos research? ATo measure the temperature of sea water. BTo show the body condition of deep-sea fish. CTo calculate the amount of oxygen in the sea. DTo evaluate the effect of ocean warming on fish. 26Why do researchers study the southern gulf
18、? AIt has normal ocean conditions. BIt has special ocean zones. CIt has a relatively mild climate. DIt has various kinds of fish. 3 27What is the last paragraph mainly about? AThe methods of protecting the sea. BThe influence of the warmer oceans. CThe steps of investigating the ocean. DThe causes o
19、f the warming of sea water. C If youre like many people, you may have decided that you want to spend less time staring at your phone. Its a good idea: an increasing body of evidence suggests that the time we spend on our smartphones is affecting our sleep, self-respect, relationships, memory, attent
20、ion, creativity, productivity and problem solving and decision-making skills. Until now, most discussions of phones biochemical effects have focused on dopamine (多巴 胺)，a brain chemical that helps us form habits. Smart-phones and apps are designed to cause dopamines release, with the goal of making o
21、ur phones difficult to put down. But our phones effects on cortisol（皮质醇）are potentially even more alarming. Cortisol is our primary fight-or-flight hormone. Its release （释放） causes our bodies changes, such as a jump in blood pressure, heart rate and blood sugar, that help us react to and survive acu
22、te physical threats. But by raising levels of cortisol, our phones may be threatening our health and shortening our lives. The average American spends four hours a day staring at their smart-phone and keeps it within arms reach nearly all the time, according to a tracking app called Moment. The resu
23、lt, as Google has noted in a report, is that mobile phones loaded with social media, email and news apps create a constant sense of commitment bringing unintended personal stress. Your cortisol levels are increased when your phone is in sight or nearby, or when you hear it or even think you hear it,
24、 says David Greenfield, professor at the University of Connecticut School. Its a stress response, and it feels unpleasant, and the bodys natural response is to want to check the phone to make the stress go away. But while doing so might comfort you for a second, it probably will make things worse in
25、 the long run. Any time you check your phone, youre likely to find something else stressful waiting for you, leading to another increase in cortisol and another desire to check your phone to youre your anxiety go away. This cycle, when continuously strengthened, leads to increased cortisol levels, w
26、hich have been tied to an increased risk of serious health problems, including depression, obesity, high blood pressure, heart attack and so on. 28What phone-related effect is dopamine responsible for? AMemory loss. BIncreased mental stress. CA behavioral addiction. DPoor sleep quality. 29What can w
27、e infer about cortisol according to the text? AIts decrease will improve heart rate. BIts release will lower blood pressure. CIts release has no benefits for humans. DIts increase is related to personal stress. 4 30What may be further talked about after the last paragraph? AWays to make phones less
28、stressful. BBenefits of reducing dopamine levels. CReasons why cortisol levels are increased. DBad results of checking phones frequently. 31In which section of a newspaper may this text appear? AEntertainment. BHealth. CTechnology. DEducation. D Imagine this: you walk into work and the camera above
29、the doors scans your face, opening them automatically without you lifting a finger. Oh, but you need to run to the chemists at lunch. You walk up to a camera, and your prescription（药方）is deposited in front of you. After work, you look at your face in the mirror, and it reminds you to wear sun-cream
30、the next day. Sounds pretty good, right? Now imagine this: when you are walking down the street, a pair of policemen pull their guns and tell you to drop to the ground. After several days in jail, they let you know you were misidentified as a violent criminal on the loose. Regardless of your innocen
31、ce, youre in the system. Now wherever you go, cameras that capture you will alert police to watch out for you. Even worse, as you enter stores, the facial recognition system lets the staff know a recently arrested individual has entered the building. Doesnt sound so good? As fantastical as either of
32、 those pictures might seem, its quite possible that this will be the future were headed towards. The benefits of the technology are already being implemented by airlines, as seen by JetBlue Airways. Rather than scanning a boarding pass or handing over a passport, you simply stare into a camera and y
33、oure identified. This does save time and make processes the best possible, but it raises the question: do you have the right to your own face? Who is responsible for the protection of this information? Can I even remove my face from this database and just go the old-fashioned way? We humans have the
34、 never-ending need to make things smoother, better and faster. This desire has helped drive the remarkable progress we have achieved as a society. However, its time to take a step back and ask some necessary questions. We need to discuss whether we actually need the extensive use of facial recogniti
35、on technology and how to ensure law enforcement (执行) doesnt abuse this technology. If we act now, I believe we can succeed in preventing technology companies from infiltrating （潜入） every aspect of our lives. If we dont, though, I fear the worst. 32What does the underlined word fantastical probably m
36、ean? AUnreal. BOptimistic. CReasonable. DUnbearable. 33What is the downside of facial recognition technology? AInequality of rights. BDisorder of society. CViolation of privacy. DDenial of responsibility. 34What may be to blame for the negative effect of facial recognition technology? AImproper enfo
37、rcement of laws. BPeoples lack of awareness. CIgnorance of the technology. DCompanies pursuit of profit. 5 35What is the best title for the text? AHow do we live safely with facial recognition technology? BAre we prepared for the use of facial recognition technology? CWhat will the future be like wi
38、thout facial recognition technology? DCan we prevent the development of facial recognition technology? 第二节（共第二节（共 5 小题；每小题小题；每小题 2 分，满分分，满分 10 分）分） 根据短文内容， 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。 选项中有两项为多余 选项。 One of our most firmly established ideas of masculinity（男子气概）is that men dont cry. Although he might weep b
39、itter tears at a funeral, a real man is expected to quickly regain control. Sobbing openly is for girls. But historical and literary evidence suggests that, in the past, not only did men cry in public, but no one saw it as weak or shameful. 36 In written records of the Middle Ages, we find one ambas
40、sador repeatedly bursting into tears when addressing Philip the Good, and the entire audience at a peace conference throwing themselves on the ground, sobbing and weeping as they listen to the speeches. Still more remarkably, theres no mention of the men in these stories trying to hold back or hide
41、their tears. No one pretends to have something in his eye. 37 They cry in a crowded hall with their heads held high. 38 The most obvious possibility is that this shift is the result of changes that took place as we moved from a feudal （封建的） ， agricultural society to one that was urban and industrial
42、. In the Middle Ages, a typical village had only 50 300 inhabitants, most of them related by blood or marriage. If men cried, they did so with people who would empathize. But from the 18th through the20th centuries, the population became increasingly urbanised. 39 Furthermore, changes in the economy
43、 required men to work together in factories and offices where emotional expression and even private conversation were discouraged as time-wasting. Yet human beings werent designed to swallow their emotions, and theres reason to believe that holding back tears can be harmful to your well-being. Resea
44、rch from the 1980s has suggested a relationship between a persons rate of stress-related illnesses and inadequate crying. 40 A study has found that in countries where people cry the most, they also report the highest levels of satisfaction. So it might be time to return to the free-flowing tears of
45、the past. When misfortune strikes, let us all men and women join together and cry until our sleeves are soaked. ASo where did all the male tears go? BNo one makes an excuse to leave the room. CSoon, people were living in the midst of thousands- of strangers DWeeping is also, contrary to all expectat
46、ions, correlated with happiness. EThe question remains whether inadequate crying is harmful or beneficial. FIn fact, male weeping was regarded as normal for most of recorded history. GDespite the considerable evidence, men cant express feelings freely by any means. 6 第三部分第三部分 语言知识及运用（共三节，满分语言知识及运用（共
47、三节，满分 45分）分） 第一节（共第一节（共 20 小题；每小题小题；每小题 1 分，满分分，满分 20 分）分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处 的最佳选项。 On a steamy July day in Bayonet Point, Florida, Gene Work and his brother-in-law, Mark Rouco, were resodding（重铺草皮）Genes yard. It had grown brown in the 41 and the homeowners association had 4
48、2 to give a heavy fine if the situation wasnt 43 The new sod was sitting in the driveway on tour pallets, but the job was 44 Gene, then 40, wasnt feeling 45 . He went inside to take a 46 and fell on the sofa, holding his chest tightly. His wife, Melissa Work, called 911 47 48 he was staring down death, Gene had one thing on his mind: that lawn （草坪） If the sod wasnt put down that day, it would 49 ，“While he was having his heart attack, literally in and out of consciousness, he kept 50 me to have it put down because he didnt want it to go to 51 ,”Melissa wrote in a Facebook
