1、 十年高考真题分类汇编（十年高考真题分类汇编（2010-2019） 英语英语 专题专题 13 名词性从句名词性从句 (2010辽宁T34)Its no use having ideas only . Dont worry. Peter can show you _to turn an idea into an act. A. how B. who C. what D. where 【答案】A 【解析】句意：光有主意没用。不用担心, 皮特可以教你怎样把主意变为行动。 虽然四个词都可以和动词不定式连用, 但是意义不同。how 表示 怎样, 强调方式。而 who 和 what 是连接代词, 一般在不
2、定式短语中作宾语, 此句 中动词不定式有宾语, 不再 需要宾语, 所以排除, where 则强调地点。与上一句不对应。 (2010福建T35)We should respect food and think about the people who dont have we have here and treat food nicely. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 【答案】C 【解析】空格在句中充当宾语。我们应该尊重食物, 考虑那些我们所拥有的东西和认 真对待食物的态度。 (2010湖南T35)Cindy shut the door heavily
3、 and burst into tears. No one in the office knew she was so angry. A. where B. whether C. that D. why 【答案】D 【解析】 该空引导宾语从句, 根据句意 办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生气可判断 选 D 项。 (2010天津T14)As a new graduate, he doesnt know it takes to start a business here. A. how B. what C. When D. which 【答案】B 【解析】句意：作为一名新毕业生, 他不知道需要什么才能
4、在这里开始经营。空格后 的从句中 takes 是动词, 其后缺少宾语, 所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用 what。 (2010北京T33) some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. A. Whether B. What C. That D. How 【答案】B 【解析】句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优点。从句中缺宾语, 只能用 B. what 来引导. C.中的 That 引导主语从句不做成分。 (2010浙江T1)How about camping this weekend, just for a
5、 change? OK, you want. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whoever 【答案】C 【解析】句意：这个周末野营怎么样, 来点新鲜的？ 好啊, 按你的意思吧！根据 语境分析出后者支持前面的提出的观点。 (2010浙江T9)It is uncertain side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. A. that B. what C. how D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】根
6、据句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用过这种药物, 但是, 它会带来什么样 的副作用还不确定。side effect 意思是 副作用, 还原主语从句中的主干是 the medicine will bring about _ side effect。故选择 what, 形容词 什么样的, 起修饰作用。 (2010上海T36)One reason for her preference for city life is she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants. A. that B. how C. what D. why 【
7、答案】A 【解析】考查 that 引导同位语从句的用法。此处 that 不可以省略。 (2010湖北T74)The news _（房价将要下跌）has caused many people to sell their houses at lower prices. (fall) 【答案】that the housing price will fall 【解析】用 that 引导同位语从句, 房价译成 housing price。 (2010山东T26)Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the com
8、ing season. A. why B. what C. how D. which 【答案】B 【解析】句意应为 在大甩卖开始前, 我把孩子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一 个清单。 分析句式结构可知, 空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当 need 的宾语, 所 以 B 项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个明确的范围。 (2010上海T37)When changing lanes, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know . A. he is entering which l
9、ane B. which lane he is entering C. is he entering which lane D. which lane is he entering 【答案】B 【解析】which 引导的句子做 know 的宾语, 句子用陈述语序。 (2010四川T14)How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. w_ A. what B. who C. how D. why w 【答案】B 【解析】根据句末的
10、whether his friends or relatives 可知应是和谁去, 故选 B。句意为 一个人旅游多么享受很大程度上取决于他和谁去, 无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。 (2010全国卷 IT33)We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. A. that B. which C. what D. where 【答案】D 【解析】句意：我们还没有讨论把我们的新家具放在哪里。干中空格划在动词 discuss 的后面, 因此考查宾语从句, 根据句意在宾语从句中缺少地点状语, 因此选择 D。 (2010湖北T
11、34)I want to be liked and loved for I am inside. A. who B. where C. what D. how 【答案】C 【解析】我想别人喜欢我是因为我的内在。也就是我 inside 的品质。只有 what 可以 指代是什么。很多同学误选 A, 错误的用中文语言习惯去做英文题。 (2010全国卷 IIT10)Have you finished the book? -No, Ive read up to _the children discover the secret cave. A. which B. what C. hat D. where
12、 【答案】D 【解析】 Up to 为介词结构, 后接宾语从句从句； 而句意是 读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴 的地方, 故用 where 引导这个宾语从句最合适。 (2010江苏T35)I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats _I dont agree. You should have a more active life. A. where B. how C. when D what 【答案】A 【解析】这就是我不同意的地方.agree 是不及物动词,所以用 where. 用表语从句。
13、 (2010北京T32)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. A. what B. that C. why D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】从句不缺成分, 因此用 that 来引导。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科 波菲尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。 (2011北京T22)_ Barbara Jones offers to her fans is h
14、onesty and happiness. A. Which B. What C. That D. Whom 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这个惊人的消息使我意识到我们将面临多么严重的问题。结合句意可 知答案为 A，此处 what 引导的宾语从句是一个感叹句。 (2011北京T31)The shocking news mad me realize _ terrible problems we would face. A. what B. how C. that D. why 【答案】A 【解析】 由句中的 IS 可知其前面是由 what 引导的主语从句， 且 what 在从句中作 offer 的宾
15、语，故答案为 A 项。 (2011上海T35)There is clear evidence _ the most difficult feeling of all to interpret is bodily pain. A. what B. if C. how D. that 【答案】D 【解析】句意为：证据表明，所有能够说明的感觉中最困难的是身体的疼痛。分析句 子结构，从句中不错成分，故用关联词 that。 (2011上海T38)The message you intend to convey through words may be the exact opposite of _ ot
16、hers actually understand A. why B. that C. which D. what 【答案】D 【解析】句意为：你试图通过言语表达的意思或许恰恰跟别人理解的相反。 (2011山东T26)I am afraid hes more of a talker than a doer, which is _ he never finishes anything. A. that B. when C. where D. why 【答案】D 【解析】句义：我恐怕他比起来一个实践家更是一个空谈家，那就是他一事无成的原 因。本文which is.引导的一个非限定性定语从句中有一个表
17、语从句根据句意用why引 导。 (2011山东T33)Weve offered her the job, but I dont know_ shell accept it. A. where B. what C. whether D. which 【答案】C 【解析】 根据句意我们提供给她了这份工作， 但我不知道她是否会接受。 whether 是 否， where 哪里what 什么，which 哪个。 (2011江西T26)The villagers have already known _ well do is to rebuild the bridge. A. this B. that
18、C. what D. which 【答案】C 【解析】村民们已经知道我们将要做的事情是重建这座桥，后面的宾语从句的主语从 句中缺少主语且指物，所以选择 what。 (2011江苏T26)It was never clear _ the man hadnt reported the accident sooner. A. that B. how C. when D. why 【答案】A 【解析】句意：这名男子没有早点报告这次事故的原因根本没有搞清楚。It 在句中是 形式主语，真正的主语是 why 引导的主语从句。 (2011安徽T33)His writing is so confusing th
19、at its difficult to make out _it is he is trying to express. A. that B. how C. who D. what 【答案】D 【解析】句意为：他的笔迹非常混乱，很难弄清他想表达什么意思。本题考查动词短 语 make out 引起的的宾语从句，该空在宾语从句中作 express 的宾语，表示事物，故选择 D 项。That 在宾语从句中不作句子成分；how 作方式状语；who 作主语，指人。只有 what 可用作宾语并且指事物。 (2011四川T10)Our teachers always tell us to believe i
20、n _ we do and who we are if we want to succeed. A. why B. how C. what D. which 【答案】C 【解析】in 介词之后所接的宾语从句中缺少及物动词 do的宾语，指事物，故填 what。 why为什么；how怎么样；which哪一个。 (2011辽宁T23)Twenty students want to attend the class that aims to teach _ to read first. A. what B. who . how D. why 【答案】C 【解析】句子意思：20 个学生想要去听旨在教授如
21、何快速阅读的课程。根据句子结 构可知，that aims to teach _ to read first.是定语从句，修饰先行词 class，在此定语从 句中， teach 后接的宾语从句中缺少表示方式的连接词， 故 how 正确。 此处为连接词+to do 结构。 (2011辽宁T32)When the news came _ the war broke out, he decided, to serve in the army. A. since B. which C. that D. because 【答案】C 【解析】句意：当战争爆发的消息传来时，他决定去部队服役。此处的 the w
22、ar broke out解释说明 the news 的具体内容，且从句中不缺少成分，故为同位语从句，用 that 连接。 (2011天津T13)Modern science has given clear evidence _ smoking can lead to many diseases. A. what B. which C. that D. where 【答案】C 【解析】句意为：现代科技已经给出了充分的证据，表明吸烟可能引起许多疾病。 (2011陕西T15)Id like to start my own businessthats _ Id do if I had the mone
23、y. A. why B. when C. which D. what 【答案】D 【解析】后面从句不完整，do 后面缺少宾语，所以要填连接代词 what，答案 D。 (2011重庆T22)It is still under discussion _the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. A. whether B. when C. which D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 still under discussion还在讨论中说明旧中巴车站是否应该被一个宾馆替代 还没决定。且根据后面的 whe
24、theror not 也可以做出正确选择。 (2011重庆T34)It is not always easy for the public to see _ use a new invention can be of to human life. A. whose B. what C. which D. that 【答案】B 【解析】 What 引导宾语从句， 同时在从句中作 use 的定语。 还原句子为a new invention can be of what use。 (2011湖南T31)Before a problem can be solved, it must be obviou
25、s _the problem itself is. A. what B. that C. which D. why 【答案】A 【解析】从句中缺表语，排除 B 和 D；又因题目没有给出 problem 的范围，故选 A； 句意：在解决问题之前，一定要弄清楚问题是什么。 (2012安徽T27)The limits of a persons intelligence, generally speaking, are fixed at birth, but _he reaches these limits will depend on his environment. A. where B. whe
26、ther C. that D. why 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意，表示 是否之意。 (2012重庆T34)Evidence has been found through years of study_ childrens early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up. A. why B. how C. whether D. that 【答案】D 【解析】此处考查的是同位语从句,that 表陈述，描述 evidence。 (2012全国卷T24)It is by no means clear the pres
27、ident can do to end the strike. A. how B. which C. that D. what 【答案】D 【解析】此处 it 作形式主语，替代 that 引导的主语从句，that 表陈述。 (2012北京T24)Jerry did not regret giving the comment but felt _ he could have expressed it differently. A. why B. how C. that D. whether 【答案】C 【解析】此处表陈述，用 that 引导宾语从句。 (2012福建T35)We promise
28、_ attends the party a chance to have a photo taken with the movie star. A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever 【答案】C 【解析】此处 whoever 引导关系从句，解释为 anyone who。 (2012陕西T20)As many as five courses are provided, and you are free to choose _ suits you best. A. whatever B. whichever C. whenever D. wherever 【答案
29、】B 【解析】在限定范围 five 之中进行选择，应使用 whichever。 (2012山东T25)It doesnt matter _ you pay by cash or credit card in this store. A. how B. whether C. what D. why 【答案】B 【解析】根据后文的 or 可知用 whether 引导主语从句，构成句型 whetheror。 (2012湖南T26)Everyone in the village is very friendly. It doesnt matter _ you have lived there for
30、a short or a long time. A. why B. how C. whether D. when 【答案】C 【解析】根据后文的 or 可知用 whether 引导主语从句，构成句型 whetheror。 (2012天津T9)It doesnt matter _ you turn right or left at the crossingboth roads lead to the park. A. whether B. how C. if D. when 【答案】A 【解析】根据后文的 or 可知用 whether 引导主语从句，构成句型 whetheror。 (2012江西
31、T25)It suddenly occurred to him _ he had left his keys in the office. A. whether B. where C. which D. that 【答案】D 【解析】此处 it 作形式主语，替代 that 引导的主语从句，that 表陈述。 (2012辽宁T34)The newcomer went to the library the other day and searched for _ he could find about Mark Twain. A. wherever B. however C. whatever D
32、. whichever 【答案】C 【解析】此处 whatever 引导宾语从句，相当于 anything that。 (2012四川T17)Scientists study _ human brains work to make computers. A. when B. how C. that D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】根据句意可知答案。 (2012浙江T4)I made a promise to myself _ this year, my first year in high school, would be different. A. whether B. what
33、C. that D. how 【答案】C 【解析】此处应用 that 引导宾语从句，表陈述。 (2012江苏T27)The notice came around two in the afternoon _ the meeting would be postponed. A. when B. that C. whether D. how 【答案】B 【解析】此处考查的是同位语从句,that 表陈述，描述 notice。 (2013北京T31)_ makes the book so extraordinary is the creative imagination of the writer.
34、A. That B. What C. Who D. Which 【答案】B 【解析】 is 之前为主语从句。 从句中缺少主语指事物， 故选 what。 That 只起引导作用， 不充当成分，排除；Who 指人；不符合语境，排除；Which 充当定语，起修饰作用，也不 符合上下文的语境，排除。 (2013北京T33)Experts believe _ people can waste less food by shopping only when it is necessary. A. why B. where C. that D. what 【答案】C 【解析】动词 believe 之后为宾语
35、从句，从句陈述一个事实，结构完整，不缺少成分， 故选用 that。why 作原因状语；where 做地点状语；what 作主语或宾语。 (2013湖南T28)Do not let any failures discourage you, for you can never tell _ close you may be to victory. A. how B. that C. which D. where 【答案】A 【解析】 动词 tell 之后为宾语从句， 宾语从句部分为感叹句转换而来， 修饰形容词 close 用 how，故选 A。that, which 和 where 都不能引导感叹
36、句。 (2013江西T30)_ one of you breaks the window will have to pay for it. A. Whoever B. Whatever C. Whichever D. Wherever 【答案】C 【解析】主句谓语为 will have to pay，之前为主语从句，根据句意， whichever无论 哪一个，作定语，修饰 one，故选 C。Whoever 作主语；Whatever 指物，不符合题意； Wherever 指地点，作地点状语，也不符合语境。句意为无论你们当中哪个人弄坏窗子都必 须赔偿。 (2013山东T30)Its good to
37、 know_ the dogs will be well cared for while were away. A. what B. whose C. which D. that 【答案】D 【解析】动词 know 之后为宾语从句，从句中意思完整，也不缺少成分，故用 that 表 陈述一件实事。what 作主语或宾语；whose 作定语；which 作定语，后面一般接 of 结构。 句意为知道当我们外出时这这些狗狗将会得到精心的护理是一件好事。 (2013陕西T20)It remains to be seen the newly formed committees policy can be
38、put into practice. A. that B. which C. what D. whether 【答案】D 【解析】it 作形式主语，真正主语为横线后的主语从句。从句中结构完整，因此排除 代词B 和 C 两项； 有待被观察的事情应是不确定的事而不是表陈述， 排除表陈述的 that， 选用 whether是否。 (2013四川T6)_ you said at the meeting describes a bright future for the company. A. When B. How C. What D. That 【答案】C 【解析】此句谓语动词为 describes
39、，之前的部分即为主语从句。从句中缺少谓语 said 的宾语，故选用代词 what 作 said 的宾语引导主语从句； that 在名词性从句中不做成分， 只表陈述的语气；而 when 和 how 为副词，只能做状语，不能作主干成分。 (2013天津T15) I want to tell you is the deep love and respect I have for my parents. A. That B. Which C. Whether D. What 【答案】D 【解析】主句谓语为 is，之前为主语从句，从句中缺少动词 tell 的直接宾语，指事物， 故填 what；而 whi
40、ch 意为哪一个，that、whether 只起引导作用，均不做成分。 (2013新课标卷 IT26)Police have found appears to be the lost ancient statue. A. which B. where C. how D. what 【答案】D 【解析】动词 found 后所接为宾语从句，从句中缺少主语指事物，故填上代词 what。 Which 表示在确定范围里的选择；where 和 how 只能作状语。 (2013浙江T16)The only way to succeed at the highest level is to have tota
41、l belief _ you are better than anyone else on the sports field. A. how B. that C. which D. whether 【答案】B 【解析】belief 后所接的从句对其内容进行解释说明，故为同位语从句，that 表示陈 述一个事实，所以答案 B 正确。how 如何；which 哪一个；whether 是否；均不符合语境。 (2013重庆T28)_struck me most in the movie was the fathers deep love for his son. A. That B. It C. Wh
42、at D. Which 【答案】C 【解析】主句谓语动词 was 之前为；主语从句中缺少主语指事物，故使用代词 what； that 表陈述，不做成分；which 表示在确定范围内进行选择，译为哪一个。句意为这部 电影让我最感动的地方就是父亲对儿子的深深的爱。 (2013安徽T21)From space, the earth looks blue. This is _about seventy-one percent of its surface is covered by water. A. why B. how C. because D. whether 【答案】C 【解析】is 后面为表
43、语从句。前面是结果，后面是原因，所 C 正确。why，how 和 whether 均不符合语境。 (2014北京T30)The best moment for the football star was _ he scored the winning goal. Awhere Bwhen Chow Dwhy 【答案】B 【解析】根据题干前半部分中的 moment 一词推断，后面应该说的是的时候， 所以本题选 B。 (2014北京T33)Some people believe _has happened before or is happening now will repeat itself
44、in the future. Awhatever Bwhenever Cwherever Dhowever 【答案】A 【解析】句意：一些人相信过去发生或现在正发生的事情，将来仍然会重复。宾语从 句中缺少主语，并且指的是事件，所以选 A。 (2014大纲卷T24)Exactly _ the potato was introduced into Europe is uncertain, but it was probably around 1565. A. whether B. why C. when D. how 【答案】C 【解析】句意：准确地说，土豆是什么时候被引进欧洲的还不确定，但可能是
45、在 1565 年左右。此处 when 引导主语从句并在从句中作状语。 (2014福建T34)Pick yourself up. Courage is doing _ youre afraid to do. Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether 【答案】B 【解析】句意：振作起来。勇气就是做你害怕去做的事。分析句子结构可知，此处 doing 后接宾语从句，而从句中 do 的后面缺少宾语，故选择 B 项。 (2014湖南T24)As John Lennon once said，life is _ happens to you while you are busy making oth
46、er plans. A. which B. that C. what D. where 【答案】C 【解析】句意：正如约翰 列侬曾经说的那样，生活就是当你忙于制订其他计划时所 发生在你身上的事情。引导词既要引导表语从句，又要在从句中作主语。故用 what。 (2014江苏T26)What a mess! You are always so lazy! Im not to blame, Mum. I am _ you have made me. Ahow Bwhat Cthat Dwho 【答案】B 【解析】句意：多么混乱啊！你总是这么懒！我不应当受到责备，妈妈，都是你 让我变成这个样子的。分析句子结构后可知，_ you have made me是表语从句， 从句中 make 缺少间接宾语，故用 what 引导。 (2014山东T7)It is difficult for us to imagine_ life was like for slaves in the ancient world. Awhere Bwhat Cwhich Dwhy 【答案】B 【解析】句意：对我们来说很难想象在古代奴隶的生活是什么样子的。_
