1、 UNIT 2 MAKING A DIFFERENCE Section B Using Language 核心词汇核心词汇 词汇一词汇一 take up 开始从事；对开始从事；对产生兴趣；占用（时间），占据（空间）产生兴趣；占用（时间），占据（空间） 教材原句 Since 1953，UNICEF has taken up an extended mission to help children in the developing world， including those living with diseases or disabilities，and those affected by r
2、apid modernisation and environmental problems. 自1953年以来，联合国儿童基金会承担了一项长期使命， 帮助发展中 国家的儿童，包括那些患有疾病或残疾的儿童，以及那些受到快 速现代化和环境问题影响的儿童。 要点必记 take back 收回（前言） take down 写下，记下 take in 欺骗；领会；吸收； 理解 take on 雇用；呈现 take off 取下；脱下；拆下；突然成功；起飞 题组练领悟方法 一言助记 Since Jack took up the work as an editor，he has taken up editi
3、ng articles， which takes up most of his spare time. Though his wife has always complained about it，he still takes the work up. 自从 杰克接受了那份做编辑的工作以来，他便开始编辑文章，这占用了他的大部分业余时 间。尽 管他的妻子一直对此抱怨，但他仍然继续他的工作。 写出下列句中 take up 的含义 （1）John took up tennis in his childhood. _ （2）The headteacher takes her duties up in
4、August. _ （3）The big desk takes up too much space. _ （4）Ill try not to take up much of your time. _ 占用（时间）占用（时间） 占据（空间）占据（空间） 开始从事开始从事 对对产生兴趣产生兴趣 单句写作 （5）Roger_ paperwork_（对产生了兴趣）for a while，but soon lost interest. （6）I have no idea what to_ _（从事） in the university. （7）I dont want this big colour TV
5、 now，for it_ _（占据）too much room. 单句语法填空 （8）Dont be taken_ by products claiming（声称）to help you to lose weight in a week. （9）There is still two hours before our plane takes_，so take your time. （10）You neednt take_ whatever your teacher says at class. （11）I dont suppose I will take_ too much of your ti
6、me. （12）China has taken_ a new look in the past few years. （13）Charlie was taking_ his shirt when the phone rang. （14）The old and the young are easily taken_. （15）词汇复现Im sorry to have made you embarrassed. Ill take _what I said. took up take up takes up back in off on up down in off 词汇二词汇二 extend v.
7、 持续；延伸持续；延伸 要点必记 extend a road/house 扩建公路 / 房子 extend the deadline 延长最后期限 单词积累 extension n. 扩大，延伸 extensive adj. 广阔的，广大的 单句语法填空 （1）The terrible fire last week caused_（extend） damage. （2）He first entered Britain on a six-month visa，and was given a further _（extend） of six months. （3）With the road of
8、our village_（extend），it is convenient for us to travel outside. extended extensive extension 词汇三词汇三 disability n. 残疾，残障残疾，残障 要点必记 people with disabilities =the disabled 残疾人 （“the+adj.”表示一类人，作主语时，谓语动词一般用复数） a physical/mental disability 生理缺陷/ 心理障碍 a learning/reading disability 学习 / 阅读障碍 单词积累 able adj.
9、 能的，有能力的 disable vt. 使残疾；使无能 disabled adj. 残疾的， 无能的 disability n. 残疾，无能 able adj. 能的，有能力的 unable adj. 不能的，无能力的 able adj. 能的，有能力的 enable vt. 使能够 单句语法填空 （1） Making fun of the_（disable） is something we should never do. （2） Those with_（disable） should be treated equally. （3） I do think he has both physi
10、cal and mental_（disable）. （4）词汇复现Only teamwork will_（able） us to pull our weight. （5） Since the accident，he has committed himself to raising money for people with_（disable）. 单句写作 （6）_ _ _ （残疾人）also have the right to live a normal life. disabled disabilities disabilities enable disabilities The disab
11、led (people) /People（Those） with disabilities 词汇四词汇四 sensitive adj. 敏感的，容易生气的敏感的，容易生气的 教材原句 Hes sensitive and rather serious，which sometimes makes him appear to be a little bookish. 他敏感而且相当严肃，这有时使他显得有点儿书生气。 要点必记 be sensitive to 对敏感 be sensitive about 介意，在乎 a highly sensitive electronic camera 高度灵敏的电
12、子摄像机 词语辨析 sensitive 与 sensible sensitive意为“敏感的，灵敏的”，指人反应力强。可简单理解为“敏感、易受影响”。 sensible 意为“明智的；明显的；意识到的”，指人能做出正确判断，且行为理智、切合 实际。 单句语法填空 （1）Compared with his sister，Jerry is even more sensitive_emotional and relationship problems. （2）He is a_（sense） and intelligent young man and I think he is fit for the
13、 job. （3）They have put up several highly_（sense） electronic cameras on the road. 选词填空（sensible/sensitive） （4）Some plants are_ to light and they prefer shade. （5）I think it is a_ idea. （6）She is_ about the topic and wed better not discuss it before her. （7）It is_ to buy the most up-to-date version. t
14、o sensitive sensitive sensible sensitive sensitive sensible 词汇五词汇五 generous adj. 慷慨的，大方的慷慨的，大方的 教材原句 Shes usually very shy，but shes generous and never hesitates to help. 她通常很害羞，但她很慷慨，帮助别人从不犹豫。 要点必记 be generous to sb. 对某人慷慨 be generous with sth. 在某方面大方；不吝啬某物 Its generous of sb. to do sth. 某人做某事真是慷慨。
15、单词积累 generously adv. 慷慨地，大方地 generosity n. 慷慨，大方 mean adj. 吝啬的，小气的 单句语法填空 （1）These volunteers are very generous_ the old men. （2）The graduate is very generous_ his time in helping others. （3）It is generous of you_（lend） your portable computer to me. （4）词汇复现Thank you for contributing_（generous） to th
16、e scholarship fund. （5）词汇复现He accepted his apology with great_（generous）. 单句写作 （6）词汇复现_ _ _ _ _（你真慷慨）to donate so much money to the Hope Project. to with to lend generously generosity It is generous of you 词汇六词汇六 hesitate v. 迟疑，犹豫迟疑，犹豫 要点必记 hesitate about/over 对犹豫 dont hesitate to do sth. 尽管做某事 学法点拨
17、 英语中只跟动词不定式而不跟动名词作宾语的动词有 afford，agree，arrange， attempt， choose，decide，determine，expect，hope，happen，manage，offer， pretend，promise， refuse，wish，fail，plan 等。 单词积累 hesitation n. 犹豫 without hesitation 毫不犹豫地 have no hesitation in doing sth. 非常愿意做某事 单句语法填空 （1）I will not hesitate_（recommend） this brand. （2）
18、We hope that you will not hesitate_（make） us aware of any shortcomings which you may find in this plan. （3）When seeing the drowning girl struggling in the river，he jumped into it to save her without_（hesitate）. 单句写作 （4）有意见或建议尽管提。 _ _ _make comments or suggestions if you have any. （5）词汇复现有任何困难请尽管找知心阿
19、姨。 _ _ _ _ _ Agony Aunt if you have any difficulty. （6） 我毫不犹豫地接受了那份工作。 I didnt_ for a moment_ taking the job. to recommend to make hesitation Dont hesitate to Dont hesitate to turn to hesitate about 词汇七词汇七 assistance n. 帮助，援助帮助，援助 教材原句 In China ，volunteers are also playing an increasingly important
20、role in environmental protection， disability assistance and many other fields. 在中国，志愿者在环境保护、残疾 人救助及许多其 他领域也正发挥着越来越重要的作用。 要点必记 （1）come to ones assistance 来帮助某人 with the assistance of 在的帮助下；借助于 （2）assist sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. with sth. 帮助某人做某事 assist sb. in doing sth. 帮助某人做某事 单词积累 assist v
21、t. 帮助，协助 assistant n. 助手 单句语法填空 （1）With the_（assist） of the social media，we can get the information we need more quickly. （2）Artificial intelligence has become a brilliant_（assist） in our daily work. （3）He often assists his mother_ housework when he is at home. （4）When he was in college，he often ass
22、isted his professor_ （collect） the data of the experiment. 单句写作 （5）When a young man noticed that a girl couldnt get her cat off the tree， he_ _ _ _（来帮她）. （6）词汇复现_ _ _ _（在的帮助下） his friends， the problem was resolved eventually. assistance assistant with to collect her assistance With the assistance of
23、 came to 词汇八词汇八 confirmation n. 证实，证明证实，证明 单词积累 confirm vt. 证明，证实；确认 confirm sth. 确认某事 confirm that. 确认；证实 单句语法填空 （1） I am calling_（confirm） my flight to Hangzhou at 8 oclock tomorrow. （2） Im still waiting for_（confirm） of the test results. to confirm confirmation 重点句式重点句式 句式一句式一 not only.but also.
24、不但不但而且而且 教材原句 As in the words which were spoken by Ryan，we need to not only donate money but also get new ideas. 正如瑞安所说，我们不仅需要捐款，而且需要获得新的想法。 要点必记 （1）not only A but also B 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数由B 决定，即遵循“就近原则”。 （2）not only .but also. 连接两个分句且not only 位于句首时，not only 后的分句要用 部分倒装语 序，但 but also 后的分句不倒装，即“前倒后不倒”。 学
25、法点拨 类似 not only.but also. 连接并列主语，谓语动词的单复数遵循“就近原则”的结构还有： neither.nor. ；either.or. ；not.but. 单句语法填空 （1）Not only the students but also the teacher_（compete） in the sports event at the moment. （2）Either you or one of your students_（be）to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow. （3）词汇复现Not only you and I
26、 but also Peter，the top student in our school，_（be） unable to resolve the problem. （4）Not only my sister but also my parents_（like） this TV play. （5）Not only_（do）the sun give us light，but also it gives us heat. 改为倒装句 （6） He not only fought against sickness，but also was able to speak French by distan
27、ce learning. _ ，but also he was able to speak French by distance learning. （7） Mary not only speaks French，but also knows how to type. _ ，but also she knows how to type. is competing is is like does Not only did he fight against sickness Not only does Mary speak French 单元语法单元语法 过去分词作定语过去分词作定语 要点一要点一
28、 过去分词作定语时的位置过去分词作定语时的位置 单个的过去分词作定语时，常放在被修饰词之前；过去分词短语作定语时，常放在被 修饰词之后。 单句写作 （1）The_ _（尴尬的父亲） stood there saying nothing. （2）The problem_ _ _ _（会议上被提及 的）needs considering. embarrassed father mentioned at the meeting 要点二要点二 过去分词作定语表示的语态和时间过去分词作定语表示的语态和时间 （1）及物动词的过去分词作定语，表示被动和完成。 （2）不及物动词的过去分词作定语没有被动意义，只
29、表示完成。 误区警示 某些表示人的情绪变化的使令性动词，其过去分词作定语，表示人的某种心情、感受 或表情等，意为“的”，这些动词的过去分词往往已经形容词化了。 单句语法填空 （1） Theyd like to rent a_（furnish） house. （2） His mother is a_（retire） teacher and she is very patient with children. （3） The gardener began to pile up_（fall） leaves. （4） There was a_（satisfy） expression on her fa
30、ce. Clearly，the employee left a good impression on her. （5） I waved at the_（excite） children and said goodbye to them. （6）词汇复现He apologised to his mother for hiding the_（break） vase under the table. furnished retired fallen satisfied excited broken 要点三要点三 过去分词（短语）作定语与定语从句的关系过去分词（短语）作定语与定语从句的关系 过去分词（
31、短语）作后置定语时，相当于一个含有被动语态的定语从句。 学法点拨 （1）个别单个的过去分词，如shown，adopted，left，given，involved，wanted， gained， concerned等也可作后置定语。 （2）过去分词修饰 something，everything，anything，nothing，nobody 等不定 代词或指示代 词 those 时，要放在这些词的后面。 误区警示 过去分词（done）与现在分词的被动式（being done）的区别： （1）过去分词表示动作已完成； （2）现在分词的被动式强调动作正在进行中。 单句语法填空 （1）The work
32、s_（show） at the exhibition are priceless. = The works that_（show） at the exhibition are priceless. （2）The experience_（gain） through this journey will help me get over difficulties in life in the future. = The experience that_（gain） through this journey will help me get over difficulties in life in t
33、he future. （3）Our teacher asked us to use the words_（give） to make up sentences. = Our teacher asked us to use the words which_（give） to make up sentences. （4）The product_（test） out now is from our company. （5）The problem_（discuss） yesterday has something to do with our work. （6）Is there anything_（plan） for tonight? （7）If you have something_（want），I will buy it for you. shown are shown gained was gained given were given wanted planned being tested discussed
