1、1/11 阅读 Reading 2 的材料，选出最佳选项 1Why does the author mention the words by Walter Scott? ATo tell us how to appreciate a poem. BTo introduce the topic of the text. CTo show us the good way to weave. DTo teach us the influence of Walter Scott. 2From Paragraph 2，we can learn _ Abeing honest means you are
2、valuable Bhonest men say they never tell lies Cwe tell lies so as to protect others Dwhite lies have a kind original intention 3Why will we tell a white lie? ABecause the white lies make ourselves feel better. BBecause the white lies are always encouraging. CBecause the white lies can protect others
3、 from bad emotions. DBecause all the white lies are kind and understandable. 4What does the white lie may cause? AYou may have to eat the same “delicious”food. BYou will lose the trust of your friend forever. CYou cant express your true emotions correctly. DYou will find people around you are all li
4、ars. 答案 14 BDCA Words and Phrases 知识要点1 annoyed adj.恼怒的，烦恼的 (教材 P5) Prevented from playing her role in Rileys emotional development， Sadness feels annoyed. 2/11 因为在 Riley 的情绪发展过程中被阻止发挥作用， “悲伤”感到非常恼火。 例 1 She tapped her forehead and looked annoyed with herself. 她拍打着脑门，看上去在生自己的气。 例 2 Johnson later apo
5、logised，saying hed been annoyed by the man. 约翰逊后来表示了歉意，说他是被那人惹怒的。 造句 因为我粗心大意，他已开始对我恼火了。 He was beginning to get very annoyed with me about my carelessness. 知识拓展 annoy vt.&vi. 骚扰；惹恼；打搅 annoying adj. 讨厌的；恼人的 annoyance n. 烦恼；可厌之事；打扰 be annoyed at/with sb. 对某人很恼火 be annoyed about/by sth. 因某事而生气 be annoy
6、ed that 因为而生气 即学即练 单句语法填空 Itll be annoying(annoy)if we dont finish by eight. She was annoyed with/at Duncan for forgetting to phone. 知识要点2 adjust v适应；使适应；调整 (教材 P5) When Riley moves to a new city，she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings. 当 Riley 搬家到新的城市时，她适应新环境时不太好过。 例 1 Adjust the ligh
7、ting so it is soft and restful. 调节灯光使其看上去既柔和又能给人带来舒缓感。 例 2 Theyll soon settle inkids are very good at adjusting. 他们很快就会习惯的小孩子适应能力很强。 造句 几秒钟后他的眼睛才适应了黑暗。 It took several seconds for his eyes to adjust to the dark. 知识拓展 (1)adjust oneself to. 使某人自己适应 adjust to (doing) sth. 适应(做)某事 3/11 (2)adjustment n.
8、调整；适应 make an adjustment/adjustments 作出调整 (3)adjustable adj. 可调整的；可调节的 即学即练 单句语法填空 It just needs a few minor adjustments(adjust) Youll quickly adjust yourself (you)to student life. 知识要点3 criticise vt.批评；指责 vi.批评；评论；苛求 (教材 P6) Its not a good idea to criticise someone in front of others. 当着别人的面批评一个人可不
9、是个好主意。 例 1 His mother had rarely criticised him or any of her children. 他妈妈几乎从来没有批评过他或她的其他孩子。 例 2 You can criticise him，but youll never change his personality. 即使你批评他，也改变不了他的个性。 造句 因为用足球踢坏了别人家的玻璃，他受到了批评。 He was criticised because he broke others glass with his football. 知识拓展 (1)critical adj. 批评的，爱挑剔
10、的；危险的； 决定性的；评论的 (2)critically adv. 批评性地；危急地； 用钻研眼光地；精密地 (3)criticism n. 批评；考证；苛求 critic n. 批评家；评论家；评论员； 批评者；挑剔的人 即学即练 单句语法填空 Toms parents were highly critical (criticise)of the school. Mike looked at his new boss critically(criticise) 小片段填空 Anyone who likes to criticise others first is not responsib
11、le.His critical behaviour will cause him a dark future，whatever his position is in the group.And most importantly， as a critic， his criticism means he is a sensitive man not only to his work 4/11 but to people around him. 任何一个喜欢首先批评别人的人是不负责任的。 他挑剔的行为不会给他带来 光明的未来，无论他在这个团队中的职位是什么。并且最重要的是作为一个批评 家，他的批评意
12、味着他是个敏感的人，这不仅仅是对待他的工作，也是对待他周 围的人。 知识要点4 remain v保持；依然；留下；剩余 (教材 P8) Written more than two hundred years ago， these lines by Walter Scott remain one of the most well- known excerpts of Scottish poetry. 尽管写于两百多年前，Walter Scott 的这些话语依然是苏格兰诗歌中最为著 名的 例 1 If you do this，you will remain comfortable till you
13、 find another job.如 果你这么做，你会保持舒适的生活直到你找到另一份工作。 例 2 After so many years，he still remains silent about what happened that day. 这么多年过去了，他还是对那天发生的事情保持沉默。 造句 像这种地方最好一直关闭。 Itd be better for a place like this to remain closed. 知识拓展 remains n 剩余物；遗址 sth.remains to be done 某事有待于被做 It remains to be seen wheth
14、er. 是否还有待于观察 remaining adj. 剩余的；留下的(只作前置定语) 即学即练 单句语法填空 She fed the remains (remain)of her lunch to the dog. Dont remain standing or seated (seat)You should take more exercise. 小片段填空 After Jack bought all he needed，only a small amount of money remainedHe bought some flowers for her mother with the r
15、emaining money.It remains to be seen whether she liked the present or not.When he saw the remains of the meal on the table，he felt sad.When asked why，he remained silent. 5/11 杰克买完自己需要的东西后，只剩下一点钱。他用剩余的钱为妈妈买了一些 花。不知道她是否会喜欢这份礼物。当他看到桌子上的剩饭时，感到很伤心。问 他为什么时，他保持沉默。 知识要点5 despite prep.不管，不顾；尽管 (教材 P9) You of
16、 course say that its wonderful，despite secretly thinking that your cat can sing better. 你当然会说很不错，尽管你偷偷在想你家的猫咪也比这唱的好。 例 1 Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement has been reached so far by the two sides. 尽管以前进行了多轮的会谈，但到目前为止双方尚未达成任何协议。 例 2 The plane took off despite the bad weather. 尽管天气很差，飞
17、机还是起飞了。 造句 尽管他经验不足，他还是获得了这份工作。 Despite his lack of experience，he got the job. 知识拓展 (1)despitein spite of 尽管 despite/in spite of the fact that. 尽管事实是 (2)regardless of 不管，不顾 即学即练 单句语法填空 In spite of her good salary，she measured out every dollar needed for household expenses. She went to Spain despite t
18、he fact that her doctor had told her to rest. 知识要点6 tear n眼泪，泪水 (教材 P9) If youve had a bad day，do you tell your parents about it，or do you hide your tears and lie that your day was “fine”？ 如果你这一天都不顺， 你会告诉你父母呢还是隐藏泪水撒谎说你这一天“不 错”呢？ 例 1 The little girl ran out of the room，with tears running down her fac
19、e. 小女孩满脸泪水跑出了房间。 例 2 As he listened to the music，his eyes filled with tears. 6/11 他听着音乐，眼睛里含着泪水。 造句 他们的故事会使你感动得落泪。 Their story will move you to tears. 知识拓展 tear v(tore，torn) 撕破，撕裂；撕开，扯下 tear.into pieces 把撕成碎片 tear.in two tear.into halves 把断成两半 tear.open 把撕开 即学即练 单句语法填空 My mother simply scolded me fo
20、r tearing (tear) my coat. Why did you tear the clothes into halves(half) when I had advised you to cut it with scissors? 小片段填空 The young lady tore the letter open and tried to hold back her tears After reading the letter，she tore it into halves，then tore it into pieces and burst into tears suddenly.
21、 那位年轻的女士把信撕开，试图忍住她的泪水。读完信后，她把信撕成两半 然后撕得粉碎，随后突然放声痛哭。 Sentence Patterns 重点句式1 It isadj./n. (for sb.)to do. (教材 P6) Its not easy for anyone to say sorry. 说出抱歉对任何人来说都是不容易的。 句式分析： 该句的句型是 It isadj./n. (for sb.)to do.， 其中 it 是形式主语， 真正的主语是后面的不定式。 例 1 It is easy for me to swim across the river. 对我来说游过这条河很容易。
22、 例 2 It is important to pay your electricity bill on time. 按时缴纳电费很重要。 造句 作为学生好好学习是很重要的。 It is very important for students to study hard. 7/11 归纳拓展 (1)It isadj./n. ( for sb.) to do.结构中， it 为形式主语，真正的主语为后 面的不定式短语。 (2)It isadj. for sb.to do.中 for 前面的形容词是指“事物怎么样”，如 impossible，important 等。 (3)It isadj. of
23、 sb.to do.中 of 前面的形容词是指“人的性质或特征”， 如 nice，kind 等。 翻译 It is our duty (是我们的责任) to protect our hometownthe Earth. It is careless of him (他真粗心) to leave his bag at my home. 即学即练 单句语法填空 It is very kind of you to help me. It was stupid of me to talk (talk)in that way to my mother. 重点句式2 It takes(sb.)some t
24、ime to do sth. (教材 P6) It takes time to understand a person. 理解一个人需要花点时间。 句式分析：该句用到的句型是：It takes(sb.)some time to do sth.做某事需花 费时间。其中 it 是形式主语，后面的不定式是真正的主语。 例 1 It took him five years to finish the drawing. 他花了五年的时间完成了这幅画作。 例 2 It will take us at least five months to find out what exactly lies behin
25、d it. 至少要花费我们五个月的时间来弄明白它背后到底是什么。 造句 今天的家庭作业只花费了汤姆半小时的时间。 It only took Tom half an hour to finish todays homework. 知识拓展 It takes/took (sb.)some time to do.花了(某人)多少时间做 表达“花费”的其他句型： sb.spends.on/in doing sth. sth.costs sb. 8/11 sb.paysmoneyfor sth. sb.buys.formoney 翻译 I spend 200 yuan buying (我花费 200 元
26、买) all these reference books for my brother. Repairing his bike cost him 35 yuan(修理自行车花了他 35 元) and he felt it was not so worthy. 即学即练 单句语法填空 Every day it takes(take)me less than fifteen minutes to wash，get changed， leave home and get on bus. I spent ten yuan in buying (buy) the book. 重点句式3 every ti
27、me 引导时间状语从句 (教材 P9) Perhaps the meal you said was “delicious” will be served every time you visit. 或许你所说的“美味的”饭每次你来访时都会为你端上来。 句式分析：句中 every time 意为“每当的时候” ，在此起从属连词的作 用，引导时间状语从句。 例1 “Every time you eat a sweet， drink green tea.”This is what my mother used to tell me. “每次你吃甜点的时候，就喝点绿茶。”这是过去妈妈经常对我说的话。
28、例 2 Every time I look at the picture，I always think of my childhood. 每次看到这张照片，我都会想起我的童年。 造句 每一次他看到我都会朝我挥一挥手。 Every time he sees me，he will wave to me. 知识拓展 (1)用作连词引导时间状语从句的名词短语还有： the moment， the instant， the minute，any time，next time，the first time，the last time，the day 等。 (2)副词 immediately，instant
29、ly，directly 等，也可以用作连词连接时间状语 从句，意为“一就”相当于 as soon as。 翻译 9/11 Last time I went to Beijing (上一次我去北京)，he was studying in Peking University. Next time I come here (下一次我来这里)，I will take your books back. 即学即练 单句语法填空 He said hed phone you the moment/the instant/the minute/immediately /instantly/ directly (
30、一就)he arrived at home. Each time she moved(move)her head she let out a sigh. 细节理解题(1) 提分技巧：细节理解题常分为直接信息理解题、间接信息理解题。间接信息 理解题相对于直接细节理解题而言难度较大，命题的迷惑性更大，因为此类题目 的正确选项都经过了命题人对原文信息的语义转换，两者存在表达上的差异。间 接信息题相比直接信息题，命题的隐蔽性更强，正确选项一般都会在原文基础上 进行改造。在做间接信息理解题时，要做到“两关注”“一防范”。 “两关注”是指关注正确选项的两个特征：一是同义词替换或释义，即把文 中语言(词汇和
31、结构)改头换面，来表达相同的意思；二是对文章信息的归纳。 “ 一防范”是指防范干扰选项的迷惑性，错误选项常使用诸如张冠李戴、 无中生有、曲解文意、颠倒是非、正误参半等方式来造成句意的改变。 典例 (2018 全国卷 阅读 D 节选) . Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy，but we cant forget that deep relationships wouldnt even exist if it werent for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for so
32、cial communication，says Bernardo Carducci，director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk， ”he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others，not just commun
33、icate with them.” . 33What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci? AShowing good manners. 10/11 BRelating to other people. CFocusing on a topic. DMaking business deals. B 由该选段最后卡尔杜齐说的话可知， 成功的闲聊的关键是学会怎样与他 人产生联系，而不只是与他人交流，文中的 connect with 与 B 项的 relate to 的含 义是一致的，表示“与联系”。 即学即练 请
34、迅速找出下面段落中的针对该题目的间接信息。 Its only been two weeks since Montana Brown began working at the Aflac Cancer Center of Atlanta，but she said， “The job is more than anything I could ask for.Its so cool to just be at the place where I was treated and to have an influence over the kids.” Brown was just two when
35、she was diagnosed (诊断) with rhabdomyosarcoma，a rare type of cancer.She received treatment for a year and then the disease was controlled. But at the age of fifteen，she was diagnosed again with the same cancer and had to receive treatment for another year.She was also told that she had to stop dancin
36、g， one of her hobbies. Brown said she remembered just how compassionate (有同情心的) the nurses were during that difficult time.So she decided to give back in the same way the nurses did with her when she was in the hospital. “Around 10th or 11th grade，I started thinking about what to major in， ”Brown sa
37、id.“I knew I wanted to help people and I knew that I wanted to use my story to help others and give them hope and inspiration.The more I thought about it，the better I knew being a nurse would be the greatest field for me.” She received a degree in nursing from Augusta University last year. Caroline
38、Rooke，the nurse manager at the Aflac Cancer Center，said.“Browns experiences make her a special part of the team.She would improve the care experience that we can offer our patients.Its her special way of giving back.” Why did Montana Brown choose to be a nurse? AShe believed this field was so cool.
39、11/11 BShe wanted to inspire more patients. CShe hoped she could cure her illness. DShe intended to get some experience. B 细节理解题。根据第五段的“I knew I wanted to help people and I knew that I wanted to use my story to help others and give them hope and inspiration.”可 知，她之所以选择当一名护士，是因为她想帮助更多的人，想用自己的故事给别 人希望和鼓舞。B 项中的“inspire”与“inspiration”的意思是一致的。
