1、1 课时分层作业(三) .阅读理解 A Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.Remember that unlucky accidents with service providers may take place because of cultural or linguistic misunderstandings，and that getting angry will make communication more difficult and cause
2、bad feelings.A taste of humour can make hard situations more meaningful and enjoyable to you，your fellow travellers and the local friends youve made. Keep a journal or carry a small tape recorder and make regular entries or recordings.Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will
3、 open the door for humour.Write a letter or e- mail to a friend when you find your humour reducing.Challenge yourself to tell at least one good story in this message and youll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation. Keep a list of funny things that you obse
4、rve during your first few days in a new culture，and an explanation of what you think these things are all about.Look back on these lists later in the trip；what seemed strange before is probably familiar now，and your explanations may be funnier than the things themselves！Imagine writing an entry in a
5、 guidebook about a frustrating experience.How would you describe your experience to the later travellers？What travel advice would you offer? Try to see yourself through the eyes of locals.What might they find strange， funny about what you are doing at this moment？When you find it difficult to overco
6、me cultural differences，taking a new look at yourself can be very funny.Be careful not to sacrifice (牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers. 【语篇解读】 幽默可以使由于文化差异而给旅行者造成的不良情形得以改 观，本文给那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人提出了 3 条建议。 1According to the article，the travelle
7、rs will often get depressed because of . Abeing short of money 2 Bthe different attitudes to the same thing Cnot having enough clothes Dthe unlucky fellow travellers trouble B 细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.”可知， 文化不同和思维 的差异会使旅行者
8、不快乐。故选 B。 2Keeping a journal when travelling can help . Atake a step to find the entry Bkeep a list of things that should be taken with Cexperience the same things later Dbegin to have a chance of telling the humour D 细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will o
9、pen the door for humour.”可知，写旅行日志或携 带一台小录音机能帮助开始幽默。故选 D。 3When you try to keep your sense of humour in foreign countries，you should . Atell anything that you find entertaining Blearn to respect the local customs Cknow how to overcome cultural differences Dtry to tell anything particularly funny B 细节
10、理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Be careful not to sacrifice(牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.”可知，要尊重当地的传统文化。故选 B。 4We can infer that . Athe funny things will be always interesting and never change Bthe funny things would always make people happy Cif the pe
11、ople didnt experience the things they would find them funny Dthe things seemed strange before they are surely becoming the familiar things C 推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“.youll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation.”可知，没有经历过事情 3 的人会发现很多事情很有趣。故选 C。 B When John was gro
12、wing up，other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always had him weeding the garden，carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood，he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction，a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all，he was ha
13、ppier.Far happier. These are the findings of a 40- year study that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) a
14、nd came to feel they were worthwhile members of society， ”said George Vaillant， the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves，others felt good about them.” Vaillants study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47
15、.Under Vaillant，the researchers compared the mens mental- health scores with their boyhood- activity scores.Points were awarded for part- time jobs， housework，effort in school，and ability to deal with problems. The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surp
16、risingly sharp.Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made n
17、o real difference in how the boys turned out. Workingat any ageis important.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility， independence， confidence and competencethe underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goal
18、s.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isnt everything.As Tolstoy once said，“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love，to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.” 4 【语篇解读】 文章主要讲了一项调查研究。研究表明，那些小时候工作过 的人比那些没有工作过的人生活得更
19、快乐、更富有成效。 5What do we know about John? AHe enjoyed his career and marriage. BHe had few childhood playmates. CHe received little love from his family. DHe was envied by others in his childhood. A 细节理解题。 根据第一段“He had more job satisfaction， a better marriage and was healthier.(他对工作更满意，婚姻更美满，身体更健康。)”可知
20、，约翰喜 欢他的事业和婚姻，故选 A。 6Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as . Aa description of personal values and social values Ban analysis of how work was related to competence Can example for parents expectations of their children Dan explanation why some boys grew into happy men D 推理判断题。根据 “Boys who worked i
21、n the home or community gained competence ( 能 力 ) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，”said George Vaillant，the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves，others felt good about them.”(发现这一现象的心理学家 George Vaillant 说：“在家庭或社区工作的男 孩获得了能力，
22、并开始觉得自己是社会中有价值的一员。因为他们对自己感觉良 好，其他人也对他们感觉良好。”)推断出，Vaillant 在第二段的话解释了为什么 一些男孩成长为快乐的人，故选 D。 7What does the underlined word “sharp”probably mean in Paragraph 4? AQuick to react. BHaving a thin edge. CClear and definite. DSudden and rapid. C 词义猜测题。 下文“Those who had done the most boyhood activities were t
23、wice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.”说那些在 童年时期参加活动最多的人， 与各种各样的人保持亲密关系的可能性是其他人的 5 两倍，获得高薪的可能性是五倍，较不可能失业的可能性是 16 倍。由此可推断 出上文“The link between what the men had done as boys and how they
24、 turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.”的意思是这些男性在孩童时期的行为和成年后 的表现之间的联系惊人地明确。“sharp”的意思是“明确的”，故选 C。 8What can be inferred from the last paragraph? ACompetent adults know more about love than work. BEmotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life. CLove brings more joy to people than work
25、 does. DIndependence is the key to ones success. B 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility，independence，confidence and competencethe underpinnings(基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most comp
26、etent adults are those who know how to do this.(儿童活动有助于儿童发展责任、独立、自信和能力，这些是情感健康的 基础。它们还帮助他理解人们必须合作，为共同的目标而努力。最有能力的成年 人是那些知道如何做到这一点的人。)”推断出，情感健康对美好的成人生活至 关重要，故选 B。 .读后续写 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整 的短文。续写的词数应为 150 左右。 The event that stands out in Toms memory happened one morning when Tom was onl
27、y ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different. “Quick ！ Quick ！ Remo
28、ve the motorcycles from the shop.”someone shouted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to investigate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying. Jane，who had been playing the violin in h
29、er room，hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke. 6 They were heading towards the stairway at the far end of the corridor when Jane suddenly stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she w
30、as doing，but he followed her. Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them， who they called Makcik.Jane began banging on Makciks door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them， Tom could see many of their neighborssome still in their pajamas (睡衣)running for
31、 safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind. “She would have run for safety like everyone else！ ”Tom cried.However， Jane refused to give up.“I know Makciks still inside.”She said she was familiar with Makciks daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded against the door.“Go
32、 downstairs.Go now！Go！” Paragraph 1： Tom noticed the flame (火焰) was reaching up. Paragraph 2： Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. 【参考范文】 Paragraph 1： 7 Tom noticed the flame(火焰) was reaching up.Frozen with fear，he stood rooted to the spot.He comprehended the gravity of the si
33、tuation and held Janes hand tightly.Both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still， though they were probably there for only two or three minutes.Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible.Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shoo
34、k her head.She kept pounding against the door.Tom burst out crying. Paragraph 2： Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.A sense of strength immediately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Janes mind.She told them Ms.Makcik must be still in the room.They forced the door open with all their might.Sure enough， Makcik was lying in bed， unconscious.She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.People in the neighborhood felt relieved and Jane and Tom were very happy.
