1、1 课时分层作业(十二) .阅读理解 A Mention the terms Italian Culture and Renaissance Art and one is immediately reminded of the mysterious smile of Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa. The renaissance period had a deep effect on European culture development.Having its beginnings in Italy，by the 16th century，it had sprea
2、d to the rest of Europe.Its influence was felt in different fields such as philosophy，literature， religion， science， politics， and， of course， art.The scholars of the renaissance period applied the humanist method in every field of study，and wanted human emotion and realism in art. Renaissance schol
3、ars studied the ancient Latin and Greek texts，searching the monastic(修道院的)libraries of Europe for works of ancient times that had become obscure，in their hunt for improving and perfecting their worldly knowledge.This was completely different from the religion that Christianity(基督教)stressed.However，
4、that does not mean that they refused Christianity.In fact， much of the greatest works of the renaissance period was devoted to it， with the church supporting a lot of the works of renaissance art.However，there were slight changes in the manner in which the scholars began to treat religion，which affe
5、cted the cultural life of the society，which in turn influenced the artists of that period and therefore was reflected in their art. In Raphaels School of Athens，for example，some well- known people were described as classical scholars，with Leonardo da Vinci being given as much importance as Plato in
6、his time.Giotto di Bondone,12671337，a Florentine，who is regarded as the greatest Italian painter just earlier than the renaissance period，is thought to be the first artist who treated a painting as a window into space. However，it was only after the writings of Filippo Brunelleschi,13771446， who is c
7、onsidered the first great builder of the Italian Renaissance，that perspective was formally accepted as an artistic technique. 【语篇解读】 文章介绍了文艺复兴的发源地意大利在当时的背景下的文化 特色和相关艺术家在这个时期的作用。 2 1What makes Italy stand out in a way in world history? AIts artists during the Renaissance were numerous. BIt was the ce
8、nter of the European countries. CIt had Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa. DIt was the home to the Renaissance. D 推理判断题。第二段第二句话中的“beginnings in Italy，by the 16th century，it had spread to the rest of Europe”说明意大利正是文艺复兴的发源地， 从而影响整个欧洲。 2 The underlined word“obscure”in Paragraph 3 most probably means“ ” Amea
9、ningless and hard to recognize Bclear and meaningful to guide people Cunclear and difficult to understand or see Deasy to understand but having little meaning C 词义猜测题。该题根据语境结合选项进行猜测。句中的 the monastic 说 明这些资料的来源，和宗教有关的应该是较难理解的，works of ancient times 也 说明了这一点。 3When was perspective officially received
10、during the Renaissance? AAfter the completion of Leonardo da Vincis Mona Lisa. BAfter Leonardo da Vincis being compared to Plato. CAfter Giotto di Bondones paintings were respected. DAfter Filippo Brunelleschis completing his writings. D 细节理解题。最后一段的强调结构里的被强调部分就是本题的解题线 索。 4The passage aims to tell us
11、 . AItalys renaissance art and artists Bthe famous artists in Italys history CItalys influence on the world in culture Dthe hardships during the renaissance in Italy A 主旨大意题。 文章是围绕着意大利在文艺复兴中的文化发展和相关的艺 3 术家展开的。 B What was life like in Whitby when the town was not a tourist attraction but a working fi
12、shing port? First and foremost，it was community life.You were part of group that knew and cared about you，as you did about your neighbors.People tended to live in one house for the whole of their life，often continuing with a married son or daughter taking on the household responsibilities and caring
13、 for their ageing parents.There was a friendliness and a sharing of ones joys and troubles with other people.Loneliness was hardly possible.A widowed man might find his washing quietly done for him，or maybe some kind of baking left on his doorstep.A newly confined(分娩)mother would have few worries ab
14、out the care of her other children as they would be left with a neighbor.And in due course she would repay the kindness with a similar service. Perhaps the hardest part was the water supply.In the old days there was a pump in a near yard.Much later，piped water was led to a shared tap in each yard wh
15、ere one filled the daily buckets.It was often their childrens job to get the water in before going to school. In Whitby，middle- class people lived alongside those who were very poor indeed.But despite the extreme poverty，Whitby people were very good at making the best of things and did not air their
16、 poverty publicly.Dignity was important and most people tried to keep some “Sunday best” clothes. Romantic as the artists may have found it，Whitby undoubtedly had its problems.Access to the upper floors was often by way of wooden steps and galleries outside.Roofs leaked， floors rotted， plaster(石膏)fe
17、ll off.People would joke about how well their houses were ventilated(通风的) Perhaps the state of the upkeep(维修)of the houses left much to be desired，but that was the landlords responsibility，not the people who actually lived in them.But for their part they did their best， cleaning the floor every week
18、.Not only that， they also cleaned the yard steps from top to bottom. 【语篇解读】 主要描述了过去居住在 Whitby 社区里的人们相互关心，照 顾他人。即使贫穷，也很注重公众形象。即使居住环境差，但是每周都尽最大努 4 力打扫地板，乐观向上。 5What did life in Whitbys community use to be like? APeople moved out to live elsewhere when they got married. BPeople lived in harmony with th
19、eir neighbors. CA windowed man would find it hard to manage his life. DChildren were usually brought up by their grandparents. B 细节理解题。第二段中“There was a friendliness and a sharing of ones joys and troubles with other people.”可知Whitby社区过去人们与邻居分享自己的 快乐和烦恼，过着非常和谐的生活。故选 B。 6What can we conclude from the
20、text about people from Whitby? AThey felt quite comfortable about their poverty. BThe middle class and the poor were often in conflict. CThey showed respect for each other though they were poor. DThey cared about their public image even if they were poor. D 细节理解题。第四段第二句“But despite the extreme pover
21、ty，Whitby people were very good at making the best of things and did not air their poverty publicly.”尽管极度贫困，Whitby 社区的人却非常善于充分利用一切，从不公开 宣扬他们的贫困。可知即使他们贫穷，但是他们也很关心他们的公众形象。故选 D。 7What was the main problem that most of Whitby people had? AThey lived in very poor conditions. BThey found it hard to get wa
22、ter from a pump. CThey didnt know how to keep their houses ventilated. DThey were not active enough to increase their income. A 细节理解题。 第五段倒数第二句“Roofs leaked， floors rotted， plaster(石 膏)fell off.”可知社区里的人们屋顶漏水，地板腐烂，灰泥脱落，可见他们的居 住条件很差。故选 A。 8Which words can be used to describe Whitby people in the old d
23、ays? ARomantic and artistic. BCaring and optimistic. 5 CFriendly and open- minded. DCautious and intelligent. B 推理判断题。根据第二段和第五段“Roofs leaked，floors rotted， plaster( 石 膏 )fell off.People would joke about how well their houses were ventilated(通风的)(尽管房屋屋顶漏水，地板腐烂，灰泥脱落，人们还能乐观地 开玩笑说自己的房子通风非常好)，”可知人们非常乐观。综
24、上可知，有同情心 和乐观可以来形容 Whitby 的人们。故选 B。 .概要写作 阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。 What is eco- fashion? Eco- fashion is about making clothes that considers the environment，the health of consumers and the working conditions of people in the fashion industry. A closer look at the fashion industry points out many
25、problems that are common practices in the creation of our fashions from the field to the factory.Firstly，the production of textiles pollutes the environment heavily.Cotton- planting uses pesticides；sheep- farming and wool- cleaning bring about global warming.Secondly， every stage of clothing product
26、ion consumes a great deal of energy and some also involve chemicals which obviously do harm to the surroundings.In addition， there is a lot of waste produced in the process， especially in the form of polluted water.Thirdly， growing purchasing power and our shopping habits further worsen the bad effe
27、cts.We are now buying clothes in increasing quantities and we are also quick to throw away clothes that have been worn only a couple of times. Then，how to solve the problem? To a large degree，it is the fashion producers that really have the power and the responsibility to shape our future.There are
28、a great many ways these producers can reduce their ecological footprint，from switching to green energy and reducing energy use，through selecting sustainable materials and choosing local suppliers，to recycling and minimizing waste.On the other hand，as consumers we can all play our part by selecting e
29、nvironmentally friendly clothing and reducing clothing buying. There is some concern that eco- friendly fashions are just a trend that we will eventually grow tired of but we can make sure that doesnt happen.Now many people 6 are beginning to shop for organic food products because the benefits of ea
30、ting food free of chemicals are immediate.They relate directly to our personal health.In fact， choosing eco- fashion can also do good to our personal health，though it is mostly done by way of keeping the health of the planet. 【参考范文】 Eco- fashion concerns the environment，consumers health and peoples
31、working conditions when making clothes.(要点 1) Various problems arise in traditional fashion production，including environmental pollution and energy waste，worsened by growing purchasing power and shopping habits.(要点 2) To solve the problem， producers should reduce，reuse and recycle，while consumers are supposed to choose environmentally friendly clothes and purchase less.(要点 3) Benefiting the health of both the earth and people，eco- fashion will surely be a lasting trend.(要点 4)
