1、近五年高考英语真题解析:主谓一致近五年高考英语真题解析:主谓一致 主谓一致在高考中常与名词结合在一起进行综合考查,多以语法填空和短文改错的形 式出题,在完形填空中也会有所涉及,根据近年的高考真题分析,主谓一致中的固定搭配 是考查的重难点,学生们可以结合真题进行学习。 考点掌握 1. 掌握主谓一致的三个原则:语法形态一致、逻辑意义一致和就近一致; 2. 掌握主谓一致中的固定搭配; 3. 掌握定语从句中的主谓一致; 4. 掌握倒装句、强调句中的主谓一致。 近五年高考真题 1. (2020 新课标卷) This really excites scientists, Carle Pieters, a
2、scientist at Brown University, says, because it _67_ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon _68_ (construct). 【67 题答案】means 【解析】考查时态和主谓一致。句意: “这使科学家们激动, ”布朗大学的一位科学家 Carle Pieters 说: “因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。 ”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知,此处也使用一般现在时,主语是 it,所以空处谓语
3、动词使用 第三人称单数形式 means,故填 means。 【68 题答案】is constructed 【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,谓语 construct 与主 语 the moon 之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时, 主语 the moon 是单数,故填 is constructed。 2. (2020 天津卷) The number of medical schools reached 18 in the early 1990s and _ around that level ever since. A.are remai
4、ning B.have remained C.is remaining D.has remained 【答案】D 【解析】 考查时态和主谓一致。 句意: 20 世纪 90 年代初, 医学院的数量达到了 18 所, 此后 一直保持在这个水平。ever since (从那以后)作时间状语,句子用现在完成时态。主 语为 the number of medical schools , the number of 表示 “的数目” , 中心词是 number , 所以是单数,作主语时,谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式。综上,故选 D 。 3. (2019 江苏卷 单项填空) The musician alo
5、ng with his band members _ ten performances in the last three months. A. gives B. has given C. have given D. give 【答案】B 【解析】考查现在完成时与主谓一致。句意:在过去的三个月里,这名音乐家与他的 乐队成员已经完成了十场演出。由“in the last three months”可知,这句话的时态为现在 完成时,故排除 AD 选项。本句主语为 the musician,为第三人称单数形式,句中的“along with his band members”是附加成分,故谓语动词要用
6、第三人称单数形式。故选 B。 4. 【2019 新课标 I 卷 语法填空】 Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six _70_ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 【答案】are 【解析】考察时态和主谓一致。根据 three are declining,此处数词 six 作主语,代指前 文中的“polar bear subpopulations” ,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填 are。 5. (
7、2018 新课标卷 I 语法填空) While running regularly can t make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 【答案】is 【解析】考查主谓一致和时态。医学报告显示:跑步比散步、骑车和游泳更能有效地 延长寿命。这里叙述的是一个事实,故用一般现在时,且主语是 it,表示单数概念。故填 is。 6.【2017 江苏】The publication of Great Expec
8、tations, which _ both widely reviewed and highly praised, strengthened Dickens status as a leading novelist. A. is B. are C. was D. were 【答案】C 【解析】考查主谓一致。先行词是 Great Expectations, “Great Expectations”是书名, 看做单数,所以定语从句的谓语也要使用单数形式;根据“strengthened”可知,说的是过 去,故选 C。句意: 远大前程的出版获得了广泛的认可和高度的赞扬,这坐实了狄更斯 作为前沿小说家的
9、地位。 7. (2017天津卷) Nowadays, cycling, along with jogging and swimming, _ as one of the best all-round forms of exercise. A.regard B. is regarded C. are regarded D. regards 【答案】B 【解析】考查主谓一致。分析句式可知,cycling,along with jogging and swimming 是由 along with 连接的并列主语,谓语需根据 along with 前面的主语 cycling 来选,即 cycling
10、是 主语, 所以谓语用单数形式; 另外考查动词短语, be regarded as被认为是, 故答案为 B。 8. (2016 湖南卷) Listening to loud music at rock concerts _ caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A. is B. are C.has D. have 【答案】C 【解析】考查主谓一致以及时态语态。句意:在摇滚音乐会听嘈杂的音乐会会引起一 些青少年的听力丧失。主语为动名词 listening,谓语动词用单数。 9. ( 2016四 川 ) Such poets as Shakespeare _widely read, of whose works, however, some_ difficult to understand. A. are; are B.is; is C.are; is D.is; are 【答案】A 【解析】前句的主语是 poets,后句的主语是 some (works),都需要复数形式的谓语动 词。