人教版八年级下册英语uint1-10重点知识整理.zip

1 UnitUnit 4 4 WhyWhy dontdont youyou talktalk toto youryour parentsparents？ 短语归纳短语归纳 1. have free time 有空闲时间 2. allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 3. hang out with sb. 与某人闲逛 4. after-school classes 课外活动课 5. get into a fight w ith sb. 与某人吵架/打架 6. until midnight 直到半夜 7. talk to sb. 与某人交谈 8. too many 太多 9. study too much 学得过多 10. get enough sleep 有足够的睡眠 11. write sb. a letter 给某人写信 12. call sb. up 打电话给某人 13. surprise sb. 令某人惊讶 14. look through 翻看 15. be angry with sb. 生某人的气 16. a big deal 重要的事 17. work out 成功地发展;解决 18. get on well with sb 和某人和睦相处；关系良好: 19. fight a lot 经常吵架/打架 20. hang over 笼罩 21. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 22. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 23. so that 以便 24. mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事 25. all the time 一直 26. in future 今后 27. make sb. angry 使某人生气 28. worry about sth. 担心某事 29. copy one s homework 抄袭某人的作业 30. be oneself 做自己 31. family members 32. spend time alone 独自消磨时光 33. give sb. pressure 给某人施压 34. have a fight w ith sb. 与某人吵架 35. compete w ith sb. 与某人竞争 36. free time activities 业余活动 37. get better grades 取得更好的成绩 38. give one s opinion 提出某人的观点 39. learn exam skills 学习应试技巧 40. practice sports 体育训练 41 . cause stress 造成压力 42. cut out 删除 用法集萃用法集萃 1.allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow sth 允许某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事 2.too much 太多。修饰不可数名词 much too 太，修饰 adj 或 adv 原形，表程度 2 too many 太多，修饰复数名词 3.be good at =do well in 擅长；在某方面做得好 be good for 对-有益 be good to 对-好 be good with 与-相处得好 重点句子点拨： 1.Although shes wrong , its not a big deal.尽管她做得不对，但也没什么大不了的。 点拨：although 引导让步状语从句 虽然；尽管；big deal 重要的事情或状况。It is not a big deal.= It is no big deal. deal n. 协议；交易 n.大量 a good / great deal (of sth) vi.处理；应对 deal with 2.Hope things work out.希望事情会好起来。 点拨：work out 解决（问题）改善（状况） 。Do you want to stay with us to see how things work out? 3.We have so much time that we can finish the work very well. 点拨 1：sothat,suchthat so +adjadv+that so+adj+aan+单数名词+that Such +aan +adj+单数名词+that Such +a dj+复数名词+that Such +adj+不可数数名词+that 点拨 2：当名词前面有 many 和 much 修饰时，用 so 而不用 such so that 的否定形式可与 tooto notenough to 替换。 He is so young that he cant go to school. =He is too young to go to school. =He is not old enough to go to school. 4. People shouldnt push their kids so hard. 人们不该对自己的孩子逼得太紧。 动词 push 有“推；推动” ， 例如： Dont push this poor, you have to pull it open. 3 别推这扇门，你的把它拉开才行。 本单元中，push 表示“ 使（某人）努力；鞭 策；督促” ，其后宾语可以是别人或自己。 e.g. The math teacher really pushes his students. Thats why they dont like him that much. 那位数学老师确实对学生鞭策太多了，这就是 他们不那么喜欢他的原因。 典句必背 1. I studied until mid night last night so I did n t get enough sleep. 我昨晚学习到半夜所以睡眠不足。 2. Why don t you forge t about it? 你为什么不忘掉它呢？ 3. Although she is wrong , i t is not a big deal. 虽然她错了,但这并不是什么大事儿。 4. H e should talk to his friend so that he can say hes so rry. 他应该跟朋友谈谈以便他能说声对不起。 5. May be you could go to his house. 也许你可以去他家。 6. I guess I could, b u t I d o n t w a n t to s u rp ris e him. 我想我可以.但我不想让他感到惊讶。 经典范文背诵经典范文背诵1 UnitUnit 6 6 AnAn oldold manman triedtried toto movemove thethe mountainsmountains 短语归纳短语归纳 13. instead of 代替;反而 14. turn . . into 变成 15. get married 结婚 16. the main character 主要人物；主人公 17. at other times 在另外一些时候 18. be able to 能;会 19. come out (书、电影等)出版 20. become interested in. 对感兴趣 21. walk to the other side 走到另一边去 22. a fa iry tale 一个神话故事 23. the rest of the story 故事的其余部分 24. leave sb. to do sth. 让某人做某事 25. make a plan to do sth. 筹划/计划做某事 26. go to sleep 去睡觉 27. lead sb. to sp. 把某人领到某地 28. get lost 迷路 29. change ones plan 改变计划 30. tell sb. to do sth. 叫某人做某事 31. in the moonlight 在月光下 32. find one s way home 找到某人回家的路 33. the next day 第二天 34. send sb. to sp. 派某人去某地 用法集萃用法集萃 1. try 是动词，意为“试图，设法” 如：我正设法算出这道数学题。 动词 try 还表示“试” 、 “尝试” ， “试用” 你试过种药了吗？ 拓展：try 搭配的词组：try to do sth 设法做某事；try on 试穿；try out 尝试，实验；try ones best 尽全力；have a try 试一下。 2. instead 意为“代替” “替代” ，作副词用，通常位于句尾。如位于句首时常用逗号与后面阁开。 instead 在顺接句子中作“代替”讲，而在转折（或逆转）句子中作“然而”讲。 例如：1.Lily isnt here. Ask Lucy instead. Lily 不在这儿，去问 Lucy 吧. 注意当 instead 在祈使句中时，只能位于句末。 .instead of 是介宾短语，其意与 instead 相同，不同之处在于它后面常接宾语，起宾语多由名词、代词、 2 介词、短语、动词 + ing 形式充当。 例如：1.Well ask Li Mei instead of Mary. 我们将去问李梅而不问玛丽。 3. a most, the most 与 most 的用法 1）a most 的用法。在“a most+形容词+名词”结构中，most 是副词，意为“很，非常” ，相当于 very,用 来修饰它后面的形容词，本句就是这一用法。 2）the most 的用法 在“the most+形容词+名词”结构中,most 是副词，表示程度，意为“最” ，与其后的形容词一起构成形 容词的最高级。 4. be made from/of 意为“由（原料）制成” ，后面一般接物质名词。接 from 则表示某物品制成后， 已看不出原材料是什么，原材料在制作过程中已起了化学变化；接 of 表示某物品制成后，仍可看得出原 材料，其原料在制作过程中仅起了物理变化。 知识拓展 be made up of 表示某物或某组织由一种种成分或一个个成员组成。 be made into 意为“把做成” ，主语在意义上为原材料，介词宾语在意义上为制成品。 be made in 意思是“在（地点）制造” ，介词 in 后接产地。 be made by 意思是“由制造” ，介词 by 后跟动作的执行者。 5. keep 的用法，keep doing sth. 意思是继续不断的做某事，一直做某事. The baby kept crying until his mother came back. keep 其他用法 (1)keep+adj. 意思是保持某种状态 You must keep quiet in the library. (2). keep+sb/sth +表地点的介词短语。意思是让某人一直在某地， youd better keep the chicken in the fridge. (3). keep sb,/sth.from doing sth.意思是防止某人/某物做某事. The policemen kept the children form crossing the road when it was dangerous. (4). keep on doing sth.意思是反复做某事.Dont keep on shouting at me. 6. hear sb. to do sth. 和 hear sb. doing 用动词原形表示听见.做了某事强调动作的全过程,表示经常做或动作已经完成;用-ing 形式表示听见. .在做某事强调动作正在进行! 重点句子点拨： 3 3. As soon as you wake up, you must go to the forest with your father. 点拨：你们一醒来就必须和爸爸去森林里。 as soon as 一就 As soon as the moon rises, we can follow them instead. 4. Because they were so big that it took a long time to walk to the other side. 这些（山）太 高了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。 点拨：这里是固定句型 It take sb. some time to do sth .做某事花费某人多长时间。 典句必背典句必背 1. So what do you think about the story of Yu Gong?你觉得愚公的故事怎么样？ 2. I t doesn t seem very possible to move -a mountain.把一座山给移掉好像不太可能。 3. This is because he can make 72 changes to his shape and size, turning himself into different animals and objects. 这是因为他会根据他的形状和大小，做出 72 种变化，可以将自己变成不同的动物或东西。 4. Sometimes he can make the stick so small that he can keep it in his ear.有时候，他能够让 他的金箍棒变得很小，以至于可以放在耳朵里。 5. Because they were so big that it took a long time towalk to the other side.这些（山）太高 了，他们要花好长时间才能翻越过去。 6. Don t eat it until you get to the forest.你们到达森林之后才能吃。 经典范文背诵经典范文背诵 We study many subjects at school, such as Chinese, maths, English, physics, biology and so on. Of all these subjects, I like English best, because it is very interesting and I can learn more about foreign countries. Besides, I can make more friends. I also think English is the most useful. We can use English to communicate with people from other countries. We can read English newspapers, too. I think physics is difficult and boring. I dont like to study it but I have to. For our students, it is necessary to learn all the subjects well. So we must study hard at every subject. In this way, we can get good grades.1 UnitUnit 8 8 HaveHave youyou readread TreasureTreasure IslandIsland yetyet？ 短语归纳短语归纳 13. the m arks of another m an s feet 另一个人的脚印 14. not long after that 不久之后 15. run towards sp. 跑向某地 16. use. to do sth. 用来做某事 17. signs le ft behind by someone 某人留下的标 记 18. read the newspaper 看报 19. science fiction 科幻小说 20. can t w ait to do sth. 迫不及待地做某事 21. a good way to wake up 醒来的一个好办法 22. number of people 人数 23. used to do sth. (过去)常常做某事 24. study abroad 在国外学习 25. make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事 26. come to realize 开始意识到 27. ever since then 自从那时起 28. the southern states of America 美国的南部地区 29. belong to 属于 30. be kind to each other 善待彼此 31. trust one another 互相信任 32. the beauty of nature 大自然的美 33. have been to sp. 去过某地 34. do some research on sth. 对做研究 35. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 36. see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事 37. the firs t line in the song 歌曲的第一行 38. enjoy success in 享受的成功 39. at the end of the day 傍晚的时候 用法集萃用法集萃 1. Have/has gone to.,去了.（还没有回） Have/has been to.,去过.（已经回） 2. how long,for+时间段，since.不能与瞬间动词连用。 3. the number of 可数名词的复数表示什么的数量。 4. used to do 表示过去常常做某事而现在不那样做了；would 表示过去常常做某事，但是不强调现在是 否还在做这件事。 2 5. cant wait to do sth. 不能等待做某事;迫不及待地要求做某事。 重点句子点拨： 1. Have you at least read the back of the book to see what its about? 点拨：see 表示你“弄清、了解；查看、发现”常接 how, what, when 等引导的宾语从句 e.g. He agreed to go with me to see wh at was wrong. 2. The book report is due in two weeks. 点拨：due 为形容词，意思是“预定，预期， 预计”后面引出预期的时间、地点等。还常常构成短语 be due (to do sth)或 be due (for sth)e.g. Our plane is due at Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport at 12:30. Rose is due to start school in January. You are due for a medical examination next month. 3. Who else is on my island?还有谁在我的岛上？ 点拨 1：else（其他的，别的） ，修饰复合不定代词或者特殊疑问词，并放其后。点拨 2：other（其他的， 别的）修饰名词，放在名词的前面。 例：other things, other people 4. I named him Friday.我给他取名“星期五” 。 点拨：name sb给某人取名,同样的表达还有 call sb 例：他叫我小王。 He calls me Xiao Wang= He names me Xiao Wang 我的父母给我取名 Jack（两种表达） 。 5. I saw some cannibals trying to kill two men from a broken ship.我看见两个肉食人正企图杀害 两个从一艘破船出来的人。 点拨： see sb doing 看见某人正在做 ，强调那件事正在做；see sb do看见某人做 强调看见 了那件事的整个过程。 6. One of them died but the other ran toward my house.其中的一个死了，另一个向我的屋子跑来。 点拨 1：onethe other一个 另一个 例：I have two friends,one is Tom,the other is Jack. 点拨 2： run toward向跑去.go toward向走去 典句必背典句必背 1. Have you read l ittle Women yet? 你读过小妇人吗？ Yes，I have. /N o , I haven t.是的，我读过。/ 不，我没有。 2. Has. yet? Has Tina read Treasure Island yet?蒂娜读过金银岛这本书吗？ Yes, she has. She thinks it s fantastic.是的，她读过。她觉得它很棒。 3. Would you like something to drink?你要来点喝的吗？ 4. I heard you lost your key.我听说你丢钥匙了。 5. She came to realize how much she actually missed all of them.她开始意识到，事实上她是多么 想念他们所有的人。 经典范文背诵经典范文背诵 31 UnitUnit 1 1 WhatsWhats thethe mattermatter？ 短语归纳短语归纳 1. talk about health problems 谈论健康问题 2. give advice 提建议 3. have a fever 发烧 4. have a cough 咳嗽 5. have a (bad) cold 患（重）感冒 6. have a toothache 牙疼 7. have a sore throat 患嗓子疼 8. talk too much 说得太多 9. drink enough water 喝足够的水 10. have a stomachache 胃疼 11. have a sore back 背疼 12. lie down and rest 躺下来休息 13. drink hot tea with honey 喝加蜂蜜的热茶 14. see a dentist 看牙医 15. get an X-ray 拍X光片 16. take one s temperature 量体温 17. put some medicine on the cut 在伤口上面敷药 18. cut oneself 割伤某人自己 19. feel very hot 感到很热 20. have a headache 患头疼 21. sound like 听起来像 22. all weekend 整个周末 23. in the same way 以同样的方式 24. take breaks 休息 25. go to a doctor 看医生 26. save an old man 拯救一位老人 27 . go along 沿着走 28. on the side of the road 在马路边 29. shout for help 大声呼救 30. without thinking twice 没有多想 31. get off 下车 32. have a heart problem 有心脏病 33. to one s surprise 使某人惊讶 34. thanks to 多亏了；由于 35. in time 及时 36. save a life 挽救生命 37. hit an old man 撞了一位老人 38. get into trouble 惹麻烦 39. right away 立刻；马上 40. because of+n.pron. 由于 41. get out of 从出来 42. hurt oneself 受伤 43. fall down 摔倒 44. put a bandage on sth. 用绷带包扎 45. run it under water 在水流下冲洗 46. feel sick 感到恶心 47. have a nosebleed 流鼻血 48. cut his knee 割伤他的膝盖 49. put your head back 把你的头向后仰 50. hurt his back 伤到了后背 51. rest for a few days 休息几天 5 2. get hit on the head 头部挨打 53. have problems breathing 呼吸困难 54. get hit by a ball 被球击中 2 55. get sunburned 晒伤 56. mountain climbing 登山运动 57. as a mountain climber 作为一名登山者 58. be used to doing sth. 习惯做某事 59. be used to taking risks 习惯于冒险 60. run out (of) 用完;用尽 61. so that 以便 62. so. . . that 如此 以至于 63. be in control of 掌管;管理 64. in a difficult situation 在困境中 65. lose ones life 丧命 66. cut off half his right arm 切除半 边右臂 67. bandage himself 给他自己包扎 68. keep on doing sth. 继续或坚持做某事 69. the importance of 的重要性 70. make a decision 做出决定 71. take risks 冒险 72. give up 放弃 73. have a serious accident 遇到严重的意外 74. go mountain climbing 去爬山 75. hurt his back playing volleyball 打排球时伤了后背 用法集萃用法集萃 1.Whats the matter with you?= Whats wrong with you= Whats the trouble with you = Whats your trouble? matter 前须加定冠词 the；wrong 前不加任何修饰词；trouble 前可加 the，也可加形容词型物主代词。 2. It doesnt matter 没关系 （用来回答别人道歉时的用语） 。 3. Should 的用法 情态动词 should 和 can ，may ，must 一样，没有人称和数的变化，有词意，但都不能单独作谓语，必须 和后面的动词原形一起构成谓语。基本意思是“应当，应该” ，常用来表示建议或命令等。should 作为情 态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，我们在使用时要注意以下几点： （1）. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。 （2） 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如： You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不 舒服，你最好去看医生。 （3） 用于表示可能性。should 的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。 重点句子点拨： 1.Aron Ralston is an American man who is interested in mountain climbing. 阿伦. 罗尔斯是一 3 名热爱登山运动的美国人。 点拨：who 引导的定语从句 定语从句：定义：用一个句子来修饰前面的名词或代词的句子，叫做定语从 句。 先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫做先行词。 定语从句必须放在先行词之后。 关系词：引 导定语从句的连词叫做关系词，关系词分为关系代词和关系副词。 He is the boy who/that often helps me. who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 2.As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 点拨 1：as prep，作为，以身份。点拨 2：be used to (doing)习惯于（做） ；适应于（做） 。(1) use v.使用useful adj. 有用的 use up 用完。(2) use sth to do sth 用某物做某事。(3) used to do sth 过去常常做某事，表示过去做过的事现在已经不做，只用于过去时态。(4) be /get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事。(5) be used to do sth 被用来做某事=be used for doing sth 3. There were many times when Aron almost lost his life because of accidents. 点拨 1： so that 以便、为了，引导目的状语从句, 从句常用情态动词 may/ might .can/ could。 5.His love for mountain climbing is so great that he kept on climbing mountains even after this experience. 他是如此的热爱爬山甚至与经历这次事故之后，他仍然继续爬山。 点拨 1：so that 如此.以致 点拨 2： So +adj.+ that 如此以至引导结 果状语从句,so 后面接形容词、副词。 6.In this book, Aron tells of the importance of making good decision , and of being in control of ones life. 在这本书里，阿伦讲述了好好做出决定以及掌握自己命运的重要性。 点拨 1：important adj. 重要的（反）unimportan importance n 重要性。点拨 2：decide v 决定 -decision n 决定 (1)decide to do sth= make up ones mind to do sth 决定做某事 (2)make a decision 做决定。点拨 3：be in control of 掌管；管理。 典句必背典句必背 1. What s the matter (with you)?= Whats the trouble (with you)?= What s wrong with you? 你怎么了？ 2. I have a stomachache. 我肚子疼。 3. You shouldnt eat so much next time. 下次你不应该吃这么多。 4. Whats the matter with Ben? Ben怎么了？ 5. He hurt himself. He has a sore back. 他伤了他自己。他后背疼。 6. He should lie down and rest. 他应该躺下休息。 7. Do you have a fever? 你发烧了吗？ 4 15. Yes, you should. No, you shouldnt. 是的，你应该。 不，你不应该。 16. I think I sat in the same way for too long without moving.我想我以同样的姿势一动不动地坐 得太久了。 17. It doesnt sound like you have a fever. 你听起来不像发烧。 18. You need to take breaks away from the computer. 你需要远离电脑去休息。 19. If your head and neck still hurt tomorrow, then go to a doctor. 明天如果你的头和脖子仍然 疼，那么去看医生吧。 20. But to his surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 但是令他惊讶的是，他们都同意和他去。 21. Thanks to Mr Wang and the passengers, the doctors saved the man in time. 多亏了王先生和 乘客，医生及时地拯救了那个人。 22. Bus No. 26 hit an old man on Zhonghua Road. 26 路公共汽车在中华路撞了一位老人。 23. Did you hurt yourself playing soccer? 你在踢足球时伤了你自己吗？xK b1. C om 24. As a mountain climber, Aron is used to taking risks. 作为一名登山者，Aron 习惯于冒险。 经典范文背诵经典范文背诵 Dear friends, Im very sorry to hear that a horrible and severe earthquake unexpectedly hit your hometown. Faced with such a rarely-seen disaster, you remain so calm and strong-willed that we are all moved to tears. A friend in need is a friend indeed. Thinking about your present situation, we can not wait a minute to make every bit of our effort to help you. I, as the chairman of student union, on behalf of all my schoolmates, express our most sincere pity and care for you. Besides, we make a donation of 120 thousand yuan to you, expecting that it can help you go through the difficulty. A better hometown can be rebuilt. Therefore, never give up whatever happens. Remember we wont be far awa