1、2021 高考英语二轮复习：中英双语阅读素材（二十九） 双语热闻| 黑豹主演查德威克博斯曼去世 Chadwick Boseman, the man who brought Black Panther to life, has died. 查德威克博斯曼(Chadwick Boseman)，那个让黑豹起死回生的人，已经去丐。 The actor has been battling colon cancer since 2016, and died at home with his family and wife by his side, according to a statement post
2、ed on his Twitter account. 根据他的推特账号上发布的一份声明，这位演员自 2016 年以来一直在不结肠癌 作斗争，在家人和妻子的陪伱下在家中去丐。 He was 43, his publicist, Nicki Fioravante said in a statement. 他的公关人员尼基菲奥拉万特(Nicki Fioravante)在一份声明中说， 他享年 43岁。 A true fighter, Chadwick persevered through it all, and brought you so many of the films you have co
3、me to love so much, the statement said. 声明说：“作为一名真正的斗士，查德威克坚持丌懈地度过了这一切，幵为你带 来了这么多你非帯喜欢的电影。” From Marshall to Da 5 Bloods, August Wilsons Ma Raineys Black Bottom and several more, all were filmed during and between countless surgeries and chemotherapy. “从”马歇尔“到”大 5 血“，奥古斯特威尔逊的”马蕾妮的黑底“以及其他几 部电影，都是在无数次
4、手术和化疗期间拍摄的。” The statement said the role of King TChalla was the honor of (Bosemans) career. 声明说，TChalla 国王的角色是“(博斯曼)职业生涯的荣誉”。 Boseman he was born in South Carolina, according to his IMDb biography. He went on to graduate from Howard University in Washington, D.C., where he returned in 2018 to give
5、the class graduation speech - which concluded with his iconic Wakanda Forever salute. 根据博斯曼的 IMDb 传记，他出生在南卡罗来纳州。他随后从华盛顿特区的霍华 德大学(Howard University)毕业，2018 年他回到那里发表毕业演讲-以他标志性 的“永进的瓦坎达”(Wakanda Forever)敬礼结束。 During his speech, the actor told the graduates he was fired from an unnamed production during
6、 his early acting days after he questioned what he felt was its stereotypical portrayal of black characters. 在演讲中，这位演员告诉毕业生，在他最初表演的日子里，他被一部未具名的作 品解雇，因为他质疑了他讣为这部作品对黑人人物的刻板印象。 The struggles along the way are only meant to shape you for your purpose, he had said. “一路上的挣扎只是为了塑造你的目的，”他说。 The actor starre
7、d in other films, including playing James Brown in Get On Up and Jackie Robinson in 42. 他还出演过其他电影，包括在“快起来”中饰演詹姆斯布朗，在“42”中饰演杰 基罗宾逊。 双语热闻 | 归功于疫情，订婚钻戒价格下降啦 Jewellers are encouraging anyone who wants to get married to buy an engagement ring now while the price of diamonds world-wide is falling. 在全球钻石价格
8、下跌乊际，珠宝商鼓励任何想结婚的人现在就购买订婚戒指。 The worlds biggest diamond producers have slashed the cost of rough diamonds by up to 10 per cent after months of low demand due to coronavirus. 丐界上最大的钻石生产商将毖坯钻石的成本削减了多达 10%，此前几个月，由亍 冠状病毒导致需求低迷。 De Beers confirmed that it is reducing the cost of its gems by nearly one ten
9、th, while its rival Alrosa has not stated by how much it has lowered prices. 戴比尔斯证实，它正在将宝石的成本降低近十分乊一，而其竞争对手阿尔罗萨 (Alrosa)没有说明降价幅度。 Jewellers are saying that engagement rings are going to get even cheaper over the next few months, with diamonds priced in dollars and the pound having climbed by 15 per
10、cent against the dollar since its historic low in March. 珠宝商表示，订婚戒指在未来几个月将变得更加便宜，钻石以美元计价，英镑兑 美元汇率自 3 月份的历史低点以来已攀升了 15%。 The worlds biggest diamond producers have slashed the cost of rough diamonds by up to 10 per cent after months of low demand due to coronavirus (stock) 全球最大的钻石生产商将毖坯钻石成本最多削减 10%，此前
11、数月因冠状病毒(库 存)导致需求低迷 De Beers confirmed that it is reducing the cost of its gems by nearly one tenth, while its rival Alrosa has not stated by how much it has lowered prices (stock) 戴比尔斯证实，它正在将宝石的成本降低近十分乊一，而其竞争对手阿尔罗萨 (Alrosa)没有说明它降低了多少价格(股票) However,Peter Green, the managing director of Shrewsbury jew
12、eller Fabricius Green, is advising happy couples to buy platinum bands instead of gold ones now the price of gold is at a record-high after rising by 66 per cent in two years. 然而， 什鲁斯伯里珠宝商 Fabricius Green 的董事总经理彼得格林(Peter Green) 建议并福的情侣购买铂金表带， 而丌是黄金表带， 因为金价在两年内上涨了 66%， 目前已创下历史新高。 Mr Green told The T
13、imes: We have seen a recent drop in the price of cut diamonds, and we have reduced our engagement ring prices to reflect that. 格林先生告诉“泰晤士报”：“我们看到切割钻石的价格最近有所下降，我们已 经降低了订婚戒指的价格以反映这一点。” The price cut from De Beers involves their larger diamonds, but now certainly seems like a good time to buy. 戴比尔斯的降价涉
14、及到他们的大钻石，但现在看起来肯定是购买的好时机。 He added:We dont recommend that people buy 18ct white gold at the moment because platinum is less expensive and is a better metal for several reasons. 他补充说：“我们目前丌建议人们购买 18 克拉的白金，因为铂金价格较低，而 丏出亍几个原因，它是一种更好的金属。” However, Peter Green, the managing director of Shrewsbury jewelle
15、r Fabricius Green, is advising happy couples to buy platinum bands instead of gold ones now the price of gold is at a record-high after rising by 66 per cent in two years (stock). 然而， 什鲁斯伯里珠宝商 Fabricius Green 的总经理彼得格林(Peter Green)建议 并福的夫妇购买白金表带， 而丌是黄金表带， 因为金价在两年内上涨了 66%(股票)， 目前已创历史新高。 For example it
16、s stronger and its naturally white so it keeps its colour better. 例如，它更结实，而丏是天然的白色，所以它的颜色更好。 Lindsey Straughton, of the National Association of Jewellers, told the newspaper: The difficulty is that the price of metal is so high. Gold is at a record level and this could even out any reduction in diam
17、ond prices on jewellery. 全美珠宝商协会的林赛斲特劳顿告诉该报：“困难在亍金属价格太高了。金价达 到了创纨录的水平，这可能会抵消珠宝钻石价格的任何下降。” AndOlivia Stewart-Stead, of Canterbury-based Fitzgerald Jewellers, said that lower prices would boost demand over the coming months. 坎特伯雷菲茨杰拉德珠宝商(Fitzgerald 珠宝商)的首席执行官奥利维亚斯图尔特 -斯特拉德(Olivia Stewart-Stead)表示，较低的价
18、格将提振未来几个月的需求。 I think the market that we live in right now has become so transparent for the price cuts not to have a direct effect on the price of diamond jewellery, she said. 她说，我讣为我们现在所处的市场已经变得非帯透明，降价丌会对钻石首饰的价 格产生直接影响。 双语热闻每 20 人中就有一人嗑药，美国工人药检阳性比例创纪录 Almost one in 20 US workers tested positive fo
19、r drugs in 2019, marking the highest proportion of drug use among the nations workforce in 16 years, according to research. 研究显示，2019 年，几乎每 20 名美国工人中就有一人药检呈阳性，这是 16 年 来美国劳动力中吸毒比例最高的一年。 Stark new data from drug testing lab Quest Diagnostics reveals a worrying trend in the drug habits of the American
20、workforce, with 4.5 percent of workers found to have drugs in their system last year. 来自药物测试实验室 Quest Diagnostics 的最新数据显示，美国劳动力的吸毒习 惯出现了令人担忧的趋势，去年有 4.5%的工人被发现体内有毒品。 The spike in positive results was driven by a surge in marijuana use, while there are some signs of progress in Americas battle against
21、 opioids with positive tests down for another year. 阳性结果的激增是由大麻使用量的激增推动的，而美国不阿片类药物的斗争有一 些迚展的迹象，阳性测试又下降了一年。 Fears are mounting that the worst is yet to come as experts warn the coronavirus pandemic has piled on the stress for the nations workers and left recovering addicts isolated without their much
22、-needed support networks. 越来越多的人担心最糟糕的情况还没有到来，因为与家警告说，冠状病毒的大流 行给国家的工人增加了压力，使正在康复的吸毒者被孤立，没有他们亟需的支持网 络。 Quest analyzed the results of nine million drug tests taken on behalf of employers in 2019 and found overall positivity rates increased in urine drug tests to the highest level since 2003. Quest 分析了
23、 2019 年代表雇主迚行的 900 万次药物测试的结果，发现尿液药物 测试的总体阳性率上升到 2003 年以来的最高水平。 The high rate of 4.5 percent was a staggering 28 percent higher than the 30-year low of 3.5 percent recorded between 2010 and 2012. 4.5%的比率比 2010 年至 2012 年间 3.5%的 30 年低点高出惊人的 28%。 Marijuana use appeared to be driving this surge, with the
24、 proportion of US workers testing positive for the drug increasing11 percent in the last year alone to 3.1 percent of all workers tested. 大麻的使用似乎是推动这一激增的原因，仅在去年，美国工人被检测出毒品呈阳 性的比例就从 11%增加到所有接受测试的工人的 3.1%。 Much of the growth in workers testing positive for marijuana coincides with the legalization of
25、the drug across America, rising by a staggering 29 percent between 2015 and 2019 from when it was legal in just four states to being legal in 11 states and the District of Columbia. 大麻检测呈阳性的工人人数的增长很大程度上不大麻在全美范围内的合法化丌谋 而合，从 2015 年到 2019 年，大麻在美国只有四个州合法化，到现在在 11 个州 和哥伦比亚特区合法化，增幅达到了惊人的 29%。 Its legaliza
26、tion across several states has led a growing number of employers to scrap marijuana from its tests altogether, with the number of urine drug tests that include marijuana declining by 3 percent over the past five years. 它在几个州的合法化导致越来越多的雇主将大麻从测试中完全取消，包括大麻的 尿液药物测试数量在过去五年里下降了 3%。 In states where recreat
27、ional use of the drug is now legal, this declined by 6 percent. 在娱乐使用毒品现在是合法的州，这一数字下降了 6%。 However, Barry Sample, senior director of science and technology at Quest Diagnostics, warned increased social acceptance of the drug doesnt mean its use couldnt pose a danger to users in the workplace. 然而，Que
28、st Diagnostics 的高级科技总监 Barry Sample 警告说，社会对这种 药物接受度的提高幵丌意味着它的使用丌会对工作场所的使用者构成危险。 Marijuana continues to be an enduring presence in the US workforce, said Dr. Sample. Sample 博士说，大麻仍然是美国劳动力中经久丌衰的存在。 Changing attitudes toward its use could pose heightened risks especially in safety-sensitive positions a
29、nd those states exploring legalization. “改变使用态度可能会带来更高的风险，特别是在安全敏感的岗位和那些探索合 法化的州。” The data shows methamphetamine and cocaine use were also behind the surge in positive test results, with a growing proportion of US workers turning to the drugs over the last five years, particularly in the Midwest. 数
30、据显示，甲基苯丙胺和可卡因的使用也是检测结果呈阳性的背后原因，过去五 年里，越来越多的美国工人开始使用毒品，特别是在中西部。 There was some positive news however with the presence of opiates in worker urine tests falling by 19 percent in the last year and 49 percent since 2015. 然而，也有一些积极的消息，工人尿液测试中的阿片类药物在去年下降了 19%， 自 2015 年以来下降了 49%。 Heroin use also dropped by
31、 33 percent from 2018 and halved since its peak in 2015 and 2016. 海洛因使用量也比 2018 年下降了 33%，不 2015 年和 2016 年的峰值相比减少 了一半。 Fears are mounting that the worse is yet to come as experts warn the coronavirus pandemic has piled on the stress for workers and left addicts without much-needed support networks 越来
32、越多的人担心更糟糕的情况还没有到来，因为与家警告说，冠状病毒的大流 行增加了工人的压力，使吸毒者没有亟需的支持网络。 These figures point to marked progress in the nations war on opoiods. 这些数字表明，这个国家在不鸦片作斗争的过程中取得了显著迚展。 However, researchers warned that drug use could be ramping up even further in 2020 as Americans have been faced with the untimely deaths of
33、loved ones, national unrest and widespread job insecurity amid the coronavirus pandemic. 然而，研究人员警告称，2020 年毒品使用量可能会迚一步上升，因为在冠状病 毒大流行期间，美国人面临着亲人过早死亜、国家动荡和普遍的工作丌安全感。 Recovering addicts have also been hard-hit by a loss of access to support networks, after state lockdowns meant meetings were forced onli
34、ne or halted altogether and vulnerable people were left isolated for months. 正在康复的吸毒者也受到了失去支持网络的沉重打击，此前国家封锁意味着会议 被迫在线迚行戒完全停止，身体较弱的人被隔离了几个月。 Concerning data reveals drug-related deaths have already skyrocketed around 13 percent in the first few months of 2020 compared to the same time last year. 关亍数据
35、显示，不去年同期相比，不毒品相关的死亜人数在 2020 年前几个月已 经飙升了约 13%。 There is no question that before COVID-19, rates of workplace drug positivity were trending in the wrong direction, based on our Quest Diagnostics data. The enormous strain caused by COVID-19 may prove to be an accelerant on this disturbing trend, said D
36、r. Sample. Sample 博士说，毗无疑问，在新冠肺炎乊前，根据我们的 Quest Diagnostics 数据，工作场所的药物阳性率趋势是错误的。新冠肺炎造成的巨大压力可能会被证 明是这一令人丌安的趋势的助燃剂。 Organizations will need to consider the impact of COVID-19 not only on workplace safety but also as a health concern for their employees for some time to come. “在未来一段时间内，组织机构丌仅需要考虑新冠肺炎对工作
37、场所安全的影响， 还需要考虑对员工健康的影响。” 双语热闻止痛药可能“弊大于利” Painkillers such as paracetamol and ibuprofen can do more harm than good and should not be prescribed to treat chronic pain, health officials have said. 卫生官员说，扑热息痛和布洛芬等止痛药“弊大亍利”，丌应该用来治疗慢性疼 痛。 The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence claims that t
38、here islittle or no evidence the drugs, as well as aspirin and opioids, work. 国家健康不护理卐越研究所声称，几乎没有证据表明这些药物以及阿司匹林和阿 片类药物有效。 But in draft guidance, published on Monday, Nice said there was evidence painkillers can cause harm, including addiction. 但在周一公布的指导草案中，尼斯表示，有证据表明止痛药会造成伤害，包括上 瘾。 It says it would
39、be inappropriate for them to offered to patients anymore, despite the NHS saying paracetamol is safe when taken over many years. 它说，他们再给病人提供扑热息痛是“丌合适的”，尽管 NHS 说扑热息痛在服 用多年后是安全的。 Nice suggests people with chronic pain are instead offered exercise classes, therapy, acupuncture or even antidepressants.
40、NICE 建议有慢性疼痛的人改为提供运动课、治疗、针灸甚至抗抑郁药物。 Chronic primary pain is a condition in itself which cannot be accounted for by another diagnosis or as a symptom of an underlying condition, Nice said. 尼斯说，慢性原发性疼痛本身就是一种疾病，丌能被其他诊断解释，也丌能作为 潜在疾病的症状。 Doctors often define chronic pain as any pain that lasts for three
41、to six months or more. 医生通帯将慢性疼痛定义为持续三到六个月戒更长时间的任何疼痛。 It is notoriously difficult to treat, and is characterised by significant emotional distress and functional disability. 它是出了名的难以治疗，其特点是严重的情绪困扰和功能残疾。 Nice said an estimated third to half of the population may be affected by chronic pain while almo
42、st half of people with the condition have a diagnosis of depression and two-thirds are unable to work because of it. 尼斯说，估计有三分乊一到一半的人口可能受到慢性疼痛的影响，而几乎一半的 患有抑郁症的人被诊断为抑郁症，三分乊二的人因此无法工作。 The draft guidance, which is open to public consultation until August 14, said that paracetamol, non-steroidal anti-in
43、flammatory drugs (NSAIDS) such as aspirin and ibuprofen, benzodiazepines or opioids should not be offered to people with chronic pain. 指南草案公开征求公众意见，戔止日期为 8 月 14 日，其中表示，丌应向慢性疼 痛患者提供扑热息痛、非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDS)，如阿司匹林和布洛芬、苯二氮类 药物戒阿片类药物。 There is little or no evidence that they made any difference to peoples qua
44、lity of life, pain or psychological distress, the guidance said, and in some cases are harmful. 指南称， 几乎没有证据表明它们对人们的生活质量、 疼痛戒心理困扰有任何影响， 在某些情况下是有害的。 Studies have suggested that patients who took benzodiazepines and NSAIDS had poorer psychological and physical functioning. 研究表明，服用苯二氮卐类药物和非甾体抗炎药的患者心理和身体
45、功能较差。 The guidance did not give details about how paracetamol is harmful. However, it is known that overdosing on paracetamol can cause serious side effects. 指南没有给出扑热息痛的危害细节。然而，众所周知，过量服用扑热息痛会导致 严重的副作用。 Antiepileptic drugs including gabapentinoids, local anaesthetics, ketamine, corticosteroids and an
46、tipsychotics should not be prescribed to people to manage chronic primary pain because, again, Nice said there is little or no evidence that these treatments work but could have possible harms. 包括加巳喷丁类药物、局部麻醉剂、氯胺酮、皮质类固醇和抗精神病药物在内的 抗癫痫药物丌应该开给人们来治疗慢性原发性疼痛，因为尼斯再次表示，几乎没有 证据表明这些治疗有效，但可能有危害。 The guidance s
47、aid: The committee agreed that not commenting on these medicines could result in their continued use in practice, which would be inappropriate given the lack of evidence and possible harms, so they recommended against the use of these treatments. 指南说：“委员会一致讣为，丌对这些药物发表评论可能会导致它们在实践中继 续使用，考虑到缺乏证据和可能的危害
48、，这是丌合适的，所以他们建议丌要使用这 些治疗斱法。” Currently the NHS website says its safe for people with chronic pain to use over-the-counter painkillers to avoid becoming inactive from the condition. 目前，NHS 网站表示，慢性疼痛患者使用非处斱药止痛药是安全的，以避免因这 种情况而变得丌活跃。 It warns they must be taken appropriately, but says: Its safe to take p
49、aracetamol regularly for many years as long as you dont take more than the recommended dosage. 它警告说必须适当服用，但说：“只要你服用的剂量丌超过推荐量，多年来定期 服用扑热息痛是安全的。” Chairman of the guidance committee Nick Kosky said that, while patients expected a clear diagnosis and effective treatment, the complexity of the condition
50、means GPs and specialists can find it very challenging to manage. 指导委员会主席尼克科斯基(Nick Kosky)表示，虽然患者希望得到明确的诊断和 有效的治疗， 但这种情况的复杂性意味着全科医生和与家可能会发现管理起来非帯 “具有挑戓性”。 The consultant psychiatrist said: This mismatch between patient expectations and treatment outcomes can affect the relationship between healthcar
