1、Unit 1 Science and Scientists Period 3 Learning About Language 语法精析课语法精析课 语法精讲透析 表语从句表语从句 【体验体验悟悟】 阅读下面课文原句阅读下面课文原句, 体会句中表语从句的用法。体会句中表语从句的用法。 1. One theory was that bad air caused the disease. 2. Another was that cholera was caused by an infection from germs in food or water. 3. The truth was that t
2、he water from the Broad Street pump had been infected by waste. 4. It seemed that the woman liked the water from the pump so much that she had it delivered to her house every day. 【生成生成得得】 表语从句是在主从复合句中用作表语从句是在主从复合句中用作_的从句。引导表语从句的词可以是的从句。引导表语从句的词可以是_, 它只起引导作用它只起引导作用, 本身无词义本身无词义, 且不能省略。且不能省略。 表语表语 tha
3、t 【研学研学析析】 表语从句是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的表语从句是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的, 常位于系常位于系 动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。动词之后。引导表语从句的词有从属连词、连接代词和连接副词。 1. 由从属连词由从属连词that, whether引导的表语从句。引导的表语从句。 (1)that在引导表语从句时无词义在引导表语从句时无词义, 而而whether有词义有词义, 意为“是否”。意为“是否”。 (2)主句的主语常常是一些抽象名词主句的主语常常是一些抽象名词, 如如question(问题问题), trouble(
4、麻烦麻烦), problem(问题问题), result(结果结果), chance(可能性可能性), idea(想法想法), reason(理由理由)等。表语等。表语 从句对主句主语进行说明、解释从句对主句主语进行说明、解释, 使主语的内容具体化。使主语的内容具体化。 (3)主句的主语如果是主句的主语如果是advice, suggestion, order, request, requirement等时等时, 表表 语从句应用虚拟语气语从句应用虚拟语气, 即谓语动词用“即谓语动词用“(should +)动词原形”。动词原形”。 The trouble is _(她丢了钱她丢了钱). The
5、question is _(我们是否还需要一些冰淇我们是否还需要一些冰淇 淋淋). My advice is that you _(练习说英语练习说英语) as often as possible. that she has lost her money whether we need more ice cream (should) practise speaking English 2. 由连接代词引导的表语从句。由连接代词引导的表语从句。 连接代词连接代词who, what, which, whom, whose等引导表语从句等引导表语从句, 在表语从句中作在表语从句中作 主语、宾语、表语
6、主语、宾语、表语, 连接代词不能省略。连接代词不能省略。 Thats _(他在担心的事他在担心的事). What I want to know is _(谁带我们去车站谁带我们去车站). The question is _(我应该选哪一台电脑我应该选哪一台电脑). what he is worrying about who will lead us to the station which computer I should choose 3. 由连接副词引导的表语从句。由连接副词引导的表语从句。 连接副词连接副词 where, when, how, why 等引导表语从句等引导表语从句, 在
7、表语从句中作状语在表语从句中作状语, 连连 接副词不能省略。接副词不能省略。 Go and get your coat. Its _ you left it. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. Thats _ I got wet through. She had a bad cold. That is _ she didnt attend school yesterday. where why why 4. 由从属连词由从属连词because引导的表语从句。引导的表语从句。 It/This/That is because. . . 句型中从属连
8、词句型中从属连词because引导表语从句引导表语从句, 意意 为为“这就是为什么“这就是为什么/因为因为”。“。“That is because. . . ”与“与“That is why. . . ”之间的不同在于“之间的不同在于“That is because. . . ”指原因或理由指原因或理由, “That is why. . . ” 则指各种原因所造成的结果。则指各种原因所造成的结果。 昨天晚上他没有去看电影昨天晚上他没有去看电影, 那是因为他有很多作业要做。那是因为他有很多作业要做。 _ _ 这是因为她没有理解我的意思。这是因为她没有理解我的意思。 _ 我想这是因为你做得太多。我
9、想这是因为你做得太多。 _ He did not see the film last night. That is because he had much homework to do. This is because she didnt understand me. I think it is because you are doing too much. 5. 由从属连词由从属连词 as if/as though引导的表语从句。引导的表语从句。 as if/as though引导的表语从句引导的表语从句, 其谓语动词一般为系动词其谓语动词一般为系动词seem, look, sound等。等
10、。 意为“好像意为“好像, 仿佛仿佛, 犹如”。二者引导的从句中犹如”。二者引导的从句中, 谓语部分经常使用虚拟语气。谓语部分经常使用虚拟语气。 表示与现在事实情况不符或相反时表示与现在事实情况不符或相反时, 谓语动词多使用过去式谓语动词多使用过去式(be的过去式一般用的过去式一般用 were, 在非正式英语中在非正式英语中, 主语是一、三人称时也可以用主语是一、三人称时也可以用was)。表示与过去事实情。表示与过去事实情 况不符或相反时况不符或相反时, 谓语部分经常使用“谓语部分经常使用“had+过去分词”。表示与将来事实情况过去分词”。表示与将来事实情况 不符或相反时不符或相反时, 谓语部
11、分经常使用“谓语部分经常使用“would +动词原形”。动词原形”。 We have only ten minutes left. It looks as if we _(be) late. She loves Tom very much. It looks as if he _(be) her son. It looks as if _(要下雪了要下雪了). It seems as if _(他不知道答案他不知道答案). will be were it is going to snow he didnt know the answer 【内化内化用用】语法填空。语法填空。 The problem is _ can replace her. Listen, it sounds as if it _(rain)outside. This is _ they once lived. It looked as if we _(live) here for ten years. who is raining where had lived 【常温故常温故勤总结勤总结】 【点拨迷津点拨迷津】 (1)表语从句的语序要用陈述语序表语从句的语序要用陈述语序; (2)reason作主语时作主语时, 只能用只能用that引导。引导。 (3)if不能引导表语从句。不能引导表语从句。
