1、高一年级英语学科高一年级英语学科 完形填空做题技巧之八大线索完形填空做题技巧之八大线索 Listening? Reading comprehension? Words spelling? Writing? Cloze test? Cloze test Forrest Gump His Mom You are the same as everybody else. You are not_. different Context（语境） 完形填空解题技巧之八大线索： 1. 1. 把握主题线索把握主题线索 2. 2. 并列关系线索并列关系线索 3. 3. 转折关系线索转折关系线索 4. 4. 单词复
2、现线索单词复现线索 5. 5. 动作顺序线索动作顺序线索 6. 6. 解释关系线索解释关系线索 7. 7. 情感关系线索情感关系线索 8. 8. 固定搭配线索固定搭配线索 主题话题 原则：先看文章的第一句，一般文章第一句不设空，而且通常原则：先看文章的第一句，一般文章第一句不设空，而且通常 可以表达出文章的主题，对理解全文和解题很有帮助。可以表达出文章的主题，对理解全文和解题很有帮助。 We, Patty and I, had been best friends since Grade Four. I thought if I went back and “fixed” everything
3、between us, we could somehow start all over _ friends. A. like B. as C. with D. on B In 1989 an 8.2 earthquake hit America, killing over 30,000 people. “Dad?! Its me Dad! I told the other kids not to worry. I told them that if you were _ youd save us. You promised no matter what happened, you d alwa
4、ys be there for me!” A. right B. dead C. alive D. injured C Lets practise! 并列关系 常见的表示并列关系的标志词有：常见的表示并列关系的标志词有：and, meanwhile, at the and, meanwhile, at the same time, not onlybut also, eitheror neither norsame time, not onlybut also, eitheror neither nor 等，前后并列的成分在结构和成分上具有相似性，但在意等，前后并列的成分在结构和成分上具有相似
5、性，但在意 思上有相似和相反两种情况。思上有相似和相反两种情况。 Music is nice, people seem to say, but not importantThis view is shortsighted. In fact, music education is _ and important for all students. A. beneficial B. accessible C. expensive D. powerful A When Christ was born nearly two thousand years ago, many people, rich a
6、nd _, gave him presents. A. ill B healthy C poor D tall c Freddy was an average student, but not an average person. He had the rare balance of fun and compassion（同情）. He would laugh the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyone s_.（2017年 新课标II卷） A. misfortune B. disbelief C. dishonest D. mista
7、ke A Lets practise! 转折关系 Throughout most of high school, I was quite lonely. However, as I look back, I dont _ any of it. A. enjoy B. support C. regret D. inspire 常见的表示转折关系的标志词有：常见的表示转折关系的标志词有：but, however, though, but, however, though, although, as, yetalthough, as, yet，on the contrary, on the othe
8、r hand, neverthelesson the contrary, on the other hand, nevertheless 等。我们可以利用转折关系把握文章意思的改变，从而选择等。我们可以利用转折关系把握文章意思的改变，从而选择 合适的选项。合适的选项。 C We went 10-1 and I was named the most valuable player, _ I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers accident. A. and B. then C. but D. thus C Let
9、s practise! 复现关系 The man pointed to a notice, which said that camping (夜宿） was strictly forbidden. Poor father explained that he had not seen the _ and did not know that camping was not allowed. A. ground B. place C. notice D. man C 单词在上下文中再次出现的情况很常见，我们把它称为 单词的复现。其中，单词复现一般包括原词复现，近义 词复现，反义词复现，上下义词复现和
10、同根词的复现。 原词复现原词复现 As an inexperienced teacher, I tried every means to get them to be _, but in vainAmazingly, the children fell silent. A. glad B. safe C. kind D. quiet D 近义词复现近义词复现 We thought that he had known all of this. However, it turned out later that he was totally _ of it. A. understand B. fr
11、eed C. unaware D. unclear C 反义词复现反义词复现 He taught her how to rely on her other _, especially her hearing A. feelings B. organs C. skills D. senses D 下义词复现下义词复现 Three of those rich men and their servants were travelling together on a road when they came to a very _ village. The first could not stand s
12、eeing the poverty A. faraway B. different C. poor D. ancient C 同根词复现同根词复现 Little did I know you were saving every penny you earned to go to _ schoolI wandered into the dining room where you were buried under piles of law books. A. business B. fashion C. law D. medical C Lets practise! At times Ismai
13、l would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to the town. We would be glad of his _. A. arrival B. choice C. effort D. company D 动作顺序 Ellie was the daughter of our next-door neighbours, and our mothers _1_ us before we were a month old. We spent nearly all our free time with each othe
14、r. We _2_ each other so well that we could communicate without saying a word. 1. A. introduced B. promised C. taught D. protected 2. A. recognized B. realized C. knew D. hated A C 有时我们可以根据动作的先后顺序来选出一些选项，有时我们可以根据动作的先后顺序来选出一些选项， 这一类的填空多为动词，所以我们要特别留意其前后这一类的填空多为动词，所以我们要特别留意其前后 句子中的谓语动词。句子中的谓语动词。 In 1973
15、, I was teaching in elementary school. Each day, 27 kids entered “The Thinking Laboratory.” Before the school year _, I gave the kids a special gift,（2017年新课标II卷） A. changed B. returned C. returned D. ended D Lets practise! 解释关系 解释关系是指一个句子对另一个句子解释关系是指一个句子对另一个句子、短语或单词进行解短语或单词进行解 释或说明释或说明。解释的方法既可通过某些动
16、词解释的方法既可通过某些动词(mean,(mean, be,be, suggest)suggest)等等，也可通过某些符号也可通过某些符号（冒号和括号等冒号和括号等），或者或者 关联词关联词(for(for example/instance,example/instance, namely,namely, thatthat is is toto saysay等等) ) 来表现来表现 出来出来。但有时并没有任何标志但有时并没有任何标志，需要大家格外注意需要大家格外注意。这里这里 我们只讨论句子之间的解释关系我们只讨论句子之间的解释关系。 In the more than five years s
17、ince Hannah began her activities, she has received a lot of _. For example, she received the 2007 BRICK Award recognizing the efforts of young people to change the world.（2017年 北京卷） A. praises B. invitations C. replies D. appointments A On January 31, a musher named Seppala had to cross a frozen bod
18、y of water called Norton Sound. It was the most _ part of the journey. Norton Sound was covered with ice, which could sometimes break up without warning. If that happened, Seppala might fall into the icy water below.（2016年北京卷） A. shameful B. boring C. dangerous D. foolish C Lets practise! 情感线索 Ellie
19、 and I had both always done well in school, and I _1_ didnt want to get into trouble with my parents. Besides, cigarettes(香烟）smelled _2_ and made me cough. 1. A. only B. certainly C. so D. even 2. A. good B. delicious C. bad D. nice B c 形容词和副词多数具有某种感情色彩，因此我们在做题时形容词和副词多数具有某种感情色彩，因此我们在做题时 要留意其传达的情感色彩，
20、是好还是坏，从而获取线索，要留意其传达的情感色彩，是好还是坏，从而获取线索， 选择适当的选项来表达这种情感。选择适当的选项来表达这种情感。 At about five oclock the next morning, we were _ by loud sounds coming from the childrens room. They shouted excitedly! A. woken B. shocked C. troubled D. frightened A Lets practise! 固定搭配 8 词汇题的另一大命题重点是考查词汇题的另一大命题重点是考查固定搭配和习惯搭配固定搭
21、配和习惯搭配。这类题常常不。这类题常常不 能通过理论分析搞清楚，需要平时阅读来能通过理论分析搞清楚，需要平时阅读来增强语感增强语感以及以及多记词汇多记词汇的正的正 确方法等。在做这类题目时，应根据确方法等。在做这类题目时，应根据语感和平时积累语感和平时积累，在本句中找线，在本句中找线 索，做出正确选择。索，做出正确选择。 如果四个选项中的词为如果四个选项中的词为动词动词，就要注意它与前后名词的搭配（主谓，就要注意它与前后名词的搭配（主谓 搭配、动宾搭配等）；如果四个选项中的词为搭配、动宾搭配等）；如果四个选项中的词为介词介词，就要注意它与，就要注意它与 后面的名词是否构成介词短语等搭配；如为后
22、面的名词是否构成介词短语等搭配；如为副词副词，则要注意它所修，则要注意它所修 饰的动词、形容词或另一个副词的搭配；如为饰的动词、形容词或另一个副词的搭配；如为名词名词，就要注意它与，就要注意它与 前后动词、介词是否构成搭配。前后动词、介词是否构成搭配。 Families have also _ changes these years. More families consist of one parent household or two working parents. A. survived B. noticed C. undertaken D. experienced This rese
23、arch _ numerous factors into consideration. A. takes B. puts C. brings D. has D A 解析：考察动名词和名词的搭配。困扰项C undertaken 后一般不跟changes，而是task，experiment等。 解析：考察短语take into consideration。 Instead, the studies ended _ giving their names to the “Hawthorne effect” A. at B. up C. with D. off B Lets practise! 解析：考
24、察动词和介词的搭配。end at “在某个时间点 结束”；end up 表示“以告终（出乎意料的）”符合 题意；end with“以结束（没有出乎意料的含义）” ；end off 单纯表示结束。 Summary： 1. 1. 把握主题线索把握主题线索 2. 2. 并列关系线索并列关系线索 3. 3. 转折关系线索转折关系线索 4. 4. 单词复现线索单词复现线索 5. 5. 动作顺序线索动作顺序线索 6. 6. 解释关系线索解释关系线索 7. 7. 情感关系线索情感关系线索 8. 8. 固定搭配线索固定搭配线索 Assignment:Assignment: Finish the exercises.
