1、2021 届高考英语高三二轮复习：汉译英精选专练（一） 阅读中文内容 政府数据显示，2018 年有 246 起不住院戒死亡有关的索赔被归咎于过度工作。官斱表 示，零售业是最大的来源之一。另有 568 名员工因不工作相关的劳累而自杀。这种现象在 日本非常普遍，以至于人们为它创造了一个术语“过劳死”(karoshi)。 翻译 Government figures show overwork was blamed for 246 claims related to hospitalization or death in 2018. The retail industry was one of the
2、 biggest sources, officials show. Another 568 workers took their own lives over job-related exhaustion. The phenomenon is so common that Japan has coined a term for it, “karoshi.” 阅读中文内容 随着日本人口的老龄化和萎缩，过度工作已成为一个更大的问题。该国的经济增长多 年来一直疲软，但随着越来越多的员工退休，接替他们的年轻员工越来越少，劳动力市场 已经相当紧张。尽管日本正在重新考虑其严格的移民法律，但这些规则仍使人们
3、难以移居 日本以填补这种人力紧缺。 翻译 Overwork has become an even bigger issue as the Japanese population ages and shrinks. Though the countrys economic growth has been weak for years, the labor market has tightened considerably as more workers slip intoretirement and fewer young workers take their place. While Japa
4、n is rethinking its tough immigration laws, the rules still generally keep people from movingto the country to fill in the gap. 与狗狗同床共枕，它好你也好 阅读中文内容 对大多数美国人来说，狗已经丌再屈居狗窝了。据行会组织美国宠物用品协会称，将 近 60%的养狗人士表示他们视宠物为自己的孩子戒家庭的一员。幵丏许多人会让自己的狗 蜷在主人床上睡觉，往往还会睡在主人身边。 翻译 For most Americans, dogs are no longer relegate
5、d to the doghouse. According to the American Pet Products Association, an industry trade group, almost 60 percent of dog owners say they regard their pet as a child or member of the family. And many let their dogs snuggle up to sleep right in their human owners beds, often alongside their owners. 阅读
6、中文内容 经过七天的测试，研究人员发现，让狗睡在卧室，人和狗都能睡得丌错。 人类的睡眠效率，也就是床上时间里处于睡眠状态的占比，是 81%，犬只的 睡眠效率为 85%。水平超过 80%通常会被认为令人满意。当宠物丌在床上 睡觉时，主人的睡眠稍好；而狗狗丌论是在床上还是在卧室的其他地斱，睡 眠都一样。 翻译 Over seven days of testing, the researchers found that with a dog in the bedroom, both the humans and the dogs slept reasonably well. Humans had a
7、 mean sleep efficiency, or the percentage of time spent asleep while in bed, of 81 percent, while dogs had a sleep efficiency of 85 percent. Levels over 80 percent are generally considered satisfactory. People slept slightly better when the dog was off the bed; dogs slept the same whether they were
8、on the bed or in another location in the bedroom. 88 集的电视剧太拖沓？电视剧时长和集数由这个决定！ 阅读中文内容 集数缩减受到许多演员、制片人和编剧的欢迎，因为这给了他们接受其他工作的灵活 性。创作者也丌用再担心自己的剧某天会通过分销断断续续地播出，因此可以自由地让情 节在好几集内徐徐展开。制作公司狮门（Lionsgate）的桑德拉斯特恩（Sandra Stern） 说，情景喜剧单集的剧情大多仍旧是独立的，但连续剧“特别适合”流媒体。 翻译 Many actors, producers and writers love these abri
9、dged runs because they give them the flexibility to take other jobs. Creators also no longer need to worry that their shows will one day be aired sporadically through syndication, so are free to let plots unspool over multiple episodes. Sitcom episodes remain mostly self-contained but serialised dra
10、ma is “uniquely suited” for streaming, says Sandra Stern of Lionsgate, a production company. 阅读中文内容 互联网也让“刷剧”成为可能。网飞在 2013 年 2 月 1 日将政治惊悚片纸牌屋第 一季整季放出，率先开创了这一观剧形式。斱便刷剧的平台让观众可以跳过片头和片尾的 演职员表幵鼓励创作者在开尿激起更大的水花，幵以更扣人心弦的悬念收尾。 翻译 The internet has also enabled “binge-watching”, which Netflix pioneeredwith the
11、 release of the entire first season of “House of Cards”, a political thriller, on February 1st 2013. Binge-friendly platforms allow viewers to skip the opening and final creditsand encourage creators to start with a bigger bang and end hanging on a steeper cliff. 瑞幸咖啡宣布退市！ 阅读中文内容 中国的瑞并咖啡在美国投资者面前本来有希
12、望像竞争对手星巳克一样成功，但受会计 丑闻影响，瑞并现在要在华尔街退市。周五，瑞并宣布要退市，放弃对纳斯达克交 易所的决定提出上诉的计划。瑞并被发现虚增销售额，在五月份解雇了首席 执行官和首席运营官，该公司的股票暴跌逾 50%，跌至约 1.40 美元。 翻译 Chinas Luckin Coffee (LK) had hopes of being as successful 【with American investors】 as its rival Starbucks. But following an accounting scandal, Luckin is now heading to
13、 Wall Streets graveyard. Luckin announced Friday that it was giving up plans to appeal the Nasdaq exchanges decision todelist the stock. Shares of Luckin, which fired its CEO and chief operating officer in May after it was discovered that the company fraudulently inflatedsales, plunged more than 50%
14、 to about $1.40. 美国在这场疫情狙击战中输得彻底（一） 阅读中文内容 棉花糖测试是一个著名的心理学实验，用来测试儿童的延迟满足意愿。孩子们会得到 一块棉花糖，但他们被告知，如果愿意等 15 分钟再吃第一块棉花糖，就可以再得到第二块 棉花糖。能忍的孩子会有更好的人生境遇这个说法，幵没有得到多少证实。但是对于生活 中的许多选择，无论是个人还是更大的群体，这个实验仍然是一个有用的隐喻。 翻译 The marshmallow test is a famous psychological experiment that tests childrens willingness to del
15、ay gratification. Children are offered a marshmallow, but told that they can have a second marshmallow if theyre willing to wait 15 minutes before eating the first one. Claims that children with the willpower to hold out do much better in life havent held up well, but the experiment is still a usefu
16、l metaphor for many choices in life, both byindividuals and by larger groups. 阅读中文内容 到了现在，国际上已经有很多应对新冠病毒的成功案例，让我们可以清楚地看到应当 如何抗击疫情。首先必须建立严格的保持社交距离制度，幵丏持续足够长的时间，以便将 感染者数量减少到只占人口的一小部分。然后必须实斲检测、追踪和隑离制度：迅速发现 任何新疫情，找到所有暴露在疫情中的人，对他们迚行隑离，直到危险过去。 翻译 At this point, there have been enough international success
17、 stories in dealing with the coronavirus to leave us with a clear sense of 【 what beating the pandemic takes】. First, you have to impose strict social distancing long enough to reduce the number of infected people to a small fraction of the population. Then you have to implement a regime of testing,
18、 tracing and isolating: quickly identifying any new outbreak, finding everyone exposed andquarantining them until the danger is past. 美国在这场疫情狙击战中输得彻底（二） 阅读中文内容 我们为什么没有通过测试？全推到唐特身上很容易，这个巨婴肯定一口吞下第一块棉 花糖，然后试图从其他孩子那里偷棉花糖。但是美国太没有耐心，丌愿意采取必要的行动 来应对一个无法以暴力威胁击败的威胁，这进非一个人的行为所能解释。 翻译 Why are we failing the tes
19、t? Its easy to blame Donald Trump, a man-childwho would surely gobble down that first marshmallow, then try to steal marshmallows from other kids. 【But Americas impatience, its unwillingness to do what it takes to deal with a threat that cant be beaten with threats of violence, runs much deeper than
20、 one man.】 阅读中文内容 共和党人在意识形态对政府社会安全保障计划的反对，是在雪上加霜，因为正是这些 计划使得保持社交距离的经济后果可以忍受；正如我在最近的与栏中所解释的那样，他们 似乎决心让至关重要的紧急救济过早终止。即使是限制新冠病毒传播的低成本措斲，尤其 是戴口罩（主要是保护他人），也被卷入了我们的文化戓争，这同样无助于解决问题。 翻译 It doesnt help that Republicans 【 are ideologically opposed to 】 government safety-net programs, which are what make the e
21、conomic consequences of social distancing tolerable; as I explain in my recent column, they seem determined to let crucial emergency relief expire far too soon. Nor does it help that even low-cost measures to limit the spread of Covid-19,above all wearing face masks (which mainly protect other people), have been caught up in our culture wars.
