1、英语句子解析英语句子解析 一、英语句子有两种分类法一、英语句子有两种分类法: : 1 1、按句子的用途可分四种：、按句子的用途可分四种： 1）陈述句（肯定、否定）陈述句（肯定、否定） 2）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意）疑问句（一般、特殊、选择、反意） 3）祈使句）祈使句 4）感叹句）感叹句 2 2、按结构可分为以下三种：、按结构可分为以下三种： 1) 1) 简单句简单句 2)2) 并列句并列句 3)3) 复合句复合句 1 1）简单句简单句： 只有一个主语只有一个主语( (或并列主语或并列主语) )和一个谓语和一个谓语( (或并列谓语或并列谓语) )。 He often reads Engli
2、sh in the morning. Tom and Mike are American boys. She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers. 2) 2) 并列句：并列句：由并列连词（由并列连词（and, but, orand, but, or等）或分号把两个或两个以上等）或分号把两个或两个以上 的简单句连在一起构成。的简单句连在一起构成。 e.g. You help him and he helps you. He wants to go there but I dont. Hurry up, or
3、 you will be late. This house belongs to Mr.Smith; It costs millions of dollars. 3 3）复合句）复合句: : 含有一个或一个以上从句的句子含有一个或一个以上从句的句子 。 复合句复合句中中包含：名词性从句、定语从句包含：名词性从句、定语从句，状语从句状语从句 等等。 英语三大从句英语三大从句 名词性从句名词性从句 定语从句定语从句 状语从句状语从句 主语从句主语从句 宾语从句宾语从句 表语从句表语从句 同位语从句同位语从句 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 时间状语从句时间状语从句
4、地点状语从句地点状语从句 原因状语从句原因状语从句 结果状语从句结果状语从句 目的状语从句目的状语从句 条件状语从句条件状语从句 让步状语从句让步状语从句 方式状语从句方式状语从句 3 3）复合句）复合句: : 含有一个或一个以上从句的句子含有一个或一个以上从句的句子 。 复合句复合句中中包含：名词性从句、定语从句包含：名词性从句、定语从句，状语从句状语从句 等等。 1. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall. (状从）状从） 2. This is the book that I
5、 want. （定从）（定从） 3. I think that he is right. (宾从）宾从） 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 3. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the ev
6、ening. 4. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 5. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句 1.We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon. 2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom. 3. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in
7、 the morning and come back home at seven in the evening. 4. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two. 5. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child. 简单句简单句 复合句复合句 简单句简单句 并列句并列句 复合句复合句 下列句子哪些是正确的？下列句子哪些是正确的？ 为什么？为什么？ 1. I like English, my English is very good. 2. I like English and my English is
8、very good. 3. As I like English, my English is very good. 4. I have a house, its windows are very big. 5. I have a house and its windows are very big. 5. I have a house, whose windows are very big. 下列句子哪些是正确的？下列句子哪些是正确的？ 为什么？为什么？ 1. I like English, my English is very good. 2. I like English and my E
9、nglish is very good. 3. As I like English, my English is very good. 4. I have a house, its windows are very big. 5. I have a house and its windows are very big. 5. I have a house, whose windows are very big. 二、简单句的五种基本句型 1 1、主语、主语+ +不及物动词：不及物动词：( ( 主谓主谓) ) e.g. We work. She came just now They went.
10、常见的不及物动词：常见的不及物动词： come go work walk swim arrive stay laugh happen 2 、主语+系动词+表语：(主系表) 系动词分类系动词分类 一一 bebe动词类动词类: am: am、 isis 、areare 、waswas 、werewere 二表示变化类二表示变化类: become: become、 getget 、 turnturn 、 growgrow 、gogo 三感官动词类三感官动词类: : looklook 、sound sound 、smellsmell、taste taste 、feel feel 四延续性动词类四延续性
11、动词类: remain: remain、staystay、keepkeep 五似乎好像五似乎好像: seem: seem、appearappear 1. He is a student 2. That sounds good. 3. The apple tastes sweet. 4. They become rich. 3、主语+及物动词+宾语：(主谓宾） Henry bought a dictionary. Mike ate three cakes. She drew a beautiful picture. He want to dream a nice dream. You can d
12、o what you want to do. I didnt mind opening the door. 4、主语+谓语（及物动词）+双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） My father bought me a car. = My father bought a car for me. He gave me three yuan. = He gave three yuan to me. 及物动词 （双宾动词） give, offer, lend, send, pass, show, bring, take, sell, write, buy, fetch, find, get, make 初中阶
13、段常见的初中阶段常见的双宾双宾动词用法有：动词用法有： bring/send/give/take通常加通常加 to sb. buy/make/cook/sing/draw通常加通常加 for sb. 5、主语+谓语（及物动词）+复合宾语（宾语+宾补） We made the baby laugh./happy. I heard him sing. I saw him dance. I found the book interesting. We call him Tom. His father named him Tom.（叫，称呼）（叫，称呼） 英语简单句五大基本句型英语简单句五大基本句型
14、一、主语一、主语+ +谓语动词谓语动词 （S+ViS+Vi） The sun is rising. The sun is rising. 二、主语二、主语+ +谓语动词谓语动词+ +宾语宾语 （S+Vt+O)S+Vt+O) I like swimming.I like swimming. 三、主语三、主语+ +谓语动词谓语动词+ +间接宾语间接宾语+ +直接宾语（直接宾语（S+Vt+IO+DOS+Vt+IO+DO） He handed me a letter. He handed a letter to me.He handed me a letter. He handed a letter
15、to me. 四、主语四、主语+ +谓语动词谓语动词+ +宾语宾语+ +宾语补宾语补 （S+Vt+O+OCS+Vt+O+OC） He found his new job boring.He found his new job boring. 五、五、主语主语+ +系动词系动词+ +表语表语 （S+Link.V+PS+Link.V+P） Mr. Brown is an engineer.Mr. Brown is an engineer. fan stamp shelf as coin note pound dollar must valuable value n. 扇子 n. 邮票 n. 隔板，
16、架子 prep. 当作 n. 硬币 n. 纸币 n. 英镑 n. 美金 必须 adj. 有价值的 n.价值 just person interest skill activity sailing result pleasure success have a look come out as a result adv. 仅仅，只是 n. 人 n. 兴趣；爱好 n. 技能；技艺 n. 活动 n. 航海；航行 n. 结果 n. 愉悦；快乐 n. 成功；成就 看一下 出版；发行 结果 1. a little + 丌可数名词：有点儿、少量的 e.g. There is only a little mea
17、t in the fridge. a bit of + 丌可数名词：有点儿、少量的 e.g. I need a bit of water. 2. have a look:看一看，后跟宾语时，要加介词at. e.g. have a look at = look at Have a look at the picture. = Look at the picture. 3. most of + 代词宾格 戒 most of + 限 定词 + 名词作主语时，谓语动词的 数由most后面的代词戒名词决定。 e.g. Most of my storybooks are very interesting.
18、 Most of us like English. Most of her money was stolen. 她的大部分钱被偷了。 4. must:表示肯定的推测，“一定、肯定”。表示否定的推 测时用cant, “不可能”。 e.g. The restaurant must be very good. Its always full of people. That girl cant be Lily. Lily is much taller. 5. as + 形容词/ 副词的原级 + as : 和一样 e.g. His English is as good as mine. He drive
19、s as well as his father. 6. 用： 1) with:用具体有形的东西（工具） e.g. I write a letter with a pen. 2) in:用语言、声音、原材料 e.g. Can you speak in a loud voice? 3) by:用/ 通过用段戒方式 e.g. The girl made money by selling flowers. 7. 1) someothers：一些另一些 e.g. Some students like watching TV and others like going online. 2) one the
20、 other：一个，另一个（范围是两者） e.g. There are only two students in the classroom. One is reading and the other is drawing. I have two pens. One is red and the other is black. 8. develop: v. 培养、提高、发展、形成、长大 e.g. This lesson will help you develop your writing skills. 这节课有助于提高你的写作能力。 We should develop good living
21、 habits. 我们应该养成好的生活习惯。 9. as well as:除了外（还有），可用besides代替。 e.g. I have a few English books as well as / besides this . I study Japanese as well as English. 除了英语外，我还学日语。 10. encourage sb. to do sth.: 鼓劫某人做某事 e.g. My parents always encourage me to study hard. 11. come out: 出版、发行、（花儿）开放、出来 e.g. When wil
22、l his new book come out? Spring comes and the flowers start to come out. The result will come out three days later. 12. as a result = so 结果、因此、 e.g. She didnt study hard and as a result, she didnt pass the exam. Tom studied hard. As a result, he passed the exam. 13. success n. 成就、成功 e.g. Failure is
23、the mother success. 失败乃成功之母。 successful adj. 成功的 successfully adv. 成功地 succeed v. 成功 e.g. He finished the work successfully. He is a successful writer. Dont give up. You know hard work leads to success. He succeeded in finishing the work at last. 他终于成功完成了那项工作。 I collected coins and notes, you know,
24、like British pounds and US dollars. 我收 集硬币和纸币，你知道，比如英镑和美元。 notes表示“纸币”,为复数形式，其单数形式是note. e.g. Have you read the book One Million Pound Note by Mark Twain? notes 还可以表示“记录，笔记”一般只用复数形式。 e.g. Take notes on the important points while you are listening. 听的时候把重点记录下来。 develop: 发展，形成，成长，提高 e.g. This course c
25、an help you develop your speaking skills. 这门课程可以帮助你提高口头表达能力。 Tom has developed into a strong leader. 汤姆已经成长为一名强有力的领导人。 I developed a taste for classical music when I was in high school. 我中学的时候开始喜欢上古典音乐。 Hobbies can make you grow as a person, develop your interests and help you learn new skills. 爱好可以
26、促使你橙子，培养你的兴趣，并帮助你学习新的技能。 As well as the usual activities, such as sailing and climbing, there was a writing class. 除了像帆船运动和爬山这样常见的活动以外，还有一门写作课程。 as well as : 也，还，而且 e.g. We all want to visit Beijing as well as Shanghai. I spend some of my free time playing volleyball for my school team. 我花了一部分业余时间在校
27、队打排球。 spend time (in) doing sth 花时间做某事 介词in可以省略； 如果要表示“在某物上花费时间”，用句型 spend time on sth. e.g. I spend one hour (in) reading every evening。 我每天晚上花一小时来读书。 Julia hasnt spent enough time on her child. 茱莉亚在孩子身上花的时间丌够。 话题写作： 请以 My hobbies 为题写一篇短文。 范文： My Hobbies I have many hobbies, such as sports, singing
28、, playing the violin and keeping a diary. At school, I often hear the PE teacher say sports are good for our health and will make us live longer. So I like sports very much. I go running at five oclock in the afternoon. I play table tennis with my friends. These sports have kept me healthy. At home,
29、 I like singing and playing the violin. I hope I will be a singer and violinist when I grow up. In order to reach these goals, I go to the teachers home for a lesson every Saturday and practice singing. Of all my hobbies, I like reading books best. In my bedroom there are lots of books. When I grow
30、up, I will serve the people with the knowledge I have learnt. 翻译。根据提示中文完成句子。 1. 妈妈每天都让我干一些家务活。 My mother_ me _ _ some housework every day. 2. 他的第一本书是在两年前出版的。 His first book _ _ two years ago. 3. 我可以看看你的新手表吗？ Can I _ _ _ at your new watch? 4. 爱好使他成长为一位出名的科学家。 Hobbies made him _ _ a famous scientist.
31、5. 他不努力工作，所以失业了。 He didnt work hard. _ _ _ , he lost his job. 翻译。根据提示中文完成句子。 1. 妈妈每天都让我干一些家务活。 My mother_ me _ _ some housework every day. 2. 他的第一本书是在两年前出版的。 His first book _ _ two years ago. 3. 我可以看看你的新手表吗？ Can I _ _ _ at your new watch? 4. 爱好使他成长为一位出名的科学家。 Hobbies made him _ _ a famous scientist. 5. 他不努力工作，所以失业了。 He didnt work hard. _ _ _ , he lost his job. asks to do came out have a look grow as As a result
