1、Unit 3 Read these sentences and pay attention to the passive voice in them. I was chosen to play the dance music. Lunch is usually eaten at about 1 pm. Knives and forks are used for most Western food. You will be served by someone who asks, “Would you like some ?” 被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法: : 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，
2、谓语当句子的主语是动作的执行者时，谓语 的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的的形式是主动语态。当句子的主语是动作的 承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由承受者时，谓语要用被动语态。被动语态由 “助动词“助动词be+be+过去分词”构成，时态通过过去分词”构成，时态通过bebe 表现出来。表现出来。 被动语态被动语态 (Passive Voice) 结构结构: be + V-p.p. am / are / is +动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 was / were +动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 一般现在时的被动语态一般现在时的被动语态: 一般过去时的被动语态一般过去时的被动语态: 一般将来
3、时的被动语态一般将来时的被动语态: will / be(am/is/are) going to +动词的过动词的过 去分词去分词 Many people speak English. (主动语态主动语态) English is spoken by many people. The naughty boy broke the window yesterday. (主动语态主动语态) The window was broken ( by the naughty boy) yesterday. We will do this work at once. (主动语态主动语态) This work wi
4、ll be done at once. People are going put down some old buildings. (主动语态主动语态) Some old buildings are going to be put down (by people). We bought some books. 主动句与被动句之间的转换主动句与被动句之间的转换 Some books were bought ( by us ) 主语主语 谓语动词主动语态的过去式谓语动词主动语态的过去式 宾语宾语 主语主语 谓语动词被动语态的过去分词谓语动词被动语态的过去分词 介词介词+ 宾语宾语 主动句变为被动句
5、所遵循的主动句变为被动句所遵循的4个步骤：个步骤： 1. 把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。把原主动句中的宾语变为被动句的主语。 2. 把动词变为被动形式即把动词变为被动形式即be+过去分词，并注意过去分词，并注意 其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则其人称和数随主语的变化，而动词的时态则 保持不变。保持不变。 3. 原主动句的主语如需要则放在原主动句的主语如需要则放在by后面以它后面以它 的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则的宾格形式出现（注代词的宾格），如不需要则 可省略。可省略。 4. 其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。其它的成分（定语、状语）不变。 被动语态的几种句型被动语态的几
6、种句型 肯定句肯定句 主语主语 + be + 过去分词过去分词 + (by) A sweet song was sung by her on the stage. 2 否定句否定句 主语主语 + be + not +过去分词过去分词 + (by) 3 一般疑问句一般疑问句 Be + 主语主语 +过去分词过去分词 + (by)? A sweet song wasnt sung by her on the stage. Was a sweet song sung by her on the stage? 4 特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 疑问词疑问词 + be + 主语主语 +过去分词过去分词 + (by
7、)? Where was a sweet song sung by her? 被动语态的运用被动语态的运用: （1） 不知道谁是动作的执行者或没不知道谁是动作的执行者或没 有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。有必要知道谁是动作的执行者时。 The house is quite old. It was built in 1950. 这座房子太旧了，它是这座房子太旧了，它是1950年建的。年建的。 When will the road be opened to traffic? 这条路什么时候通车这条路什么时候通车? （2） 需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。需要强调动作的对象即宾语时。 Calculator
8、 cant be used in the math exam. 计算器不能用于数学考试。计算器不能用于数学考试。 He was awarded first prize in that contest. 他在比赛中获得了第一。他在比赛中获得了第一。 有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者有时为了礼貌等原因不愿说出行为者, 这时也常用被动语态。这时也常用被动语态。 The construction of the new lab must be completed by the end of next month. 新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。新实验室必须在下个月底前完工。 You are reques
9、ted to give a performance. 请你给我们表演一个节目。请你给我们表演一个节目。 （3） What a clean blackboard! Who cleaned it? It was cleaned by How delicious the soup is! Who cooked it? It was cooked by Mom. What a beautiful card it is! Who made it? It was made by How clean the clothes are! Who washed them? They were washed by
10、Food _ into the meeting rooms. is served Write sentences to explain these signs. LUNCH SERVED DAILY FROM 12 PM TO 2 PM Lunch _ daily form 12 pm to 2 pm. should not be taken Dont take food into the meeting rooms. Dogs _ in the restaurant. The park _ for picnics. is open Write sentences to explain the
11、se signs. Park open for picnics are not allowed Dogs not allowed The shop _ until 10 am. is closed Write sentences to explain these signs. Closed until 10 am Guests at a new restaurant in London (1) _ (serve) by blind waiters. But the waiters arent the only people who cant see. The guests cant see e
12、ither, because the restaurant (2) _ (keep) dark. No lights (3) _ (allow), not even the light on your mobile phone. are served is kept are allowed Complete the passage with the correct form of the verbs. The idea is that when you cannot see, your sense of taste (4) _ (improve). “Dont worry that you w
13、ont enjoy food without seeing it. You can (5) _ (enjoy) it using your nose, fingers and tongue instead,” promises the restaurant manager. is improved/improves/will improve/will be improved enjoy Answers: 1. picked up 2. eat 3. ordered 4. tasted 5. asked 6. drank 7. paid 8. called 9. put on Complete
14、the passage with the correct form of the words and expressions in the box. Answers: 1. f 2. a 3. b 4. d 5. c 6. e Complete the conversations with the sentences in the box. 1.English _ (speak) by many people. 2.Many people _ (kill) in the accident yesterday. 3. A new school _ (build) here next year.
15、4. When _ the first man-made satellite _ (send) up into space ? is spoken were killed was will be built Practice Practice Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs. sent 5. Last year vegetables _ (grow) in the garden by Tom and he _ (sell) them himself. 6. She _ (help) him with his homew
16、ork tomorrow evening. 7. John _ (hear) to go upstairs two hours ago. 8. Who _ (save) her father? He _ (save) by a policeman. were grown sold will help was heard saved was saved 9. The doctor _ (send for) because his grandpa was ill. 10. Mooncakes _ (make) by his mother every year. _ your mother _ (m
17、ake) mooncakes for you every year? 11. Some toys _ (buy) as presents for these children last Monday. 12. _ paper _ (make) of wood ? was sent for are made Does make were bought Is made 链接中考链接中考 ( )1. The radio says a wild animal zoo is going to _ in our city. (2011泸州市泸州市) A. be built B. built C. buil
18、d D. be building A ( )2. There was a big earthquake in Japan, but luckily many people _. (2011浙江宁波浙江宁波) A. save B. saved C. are saved D. were saved D ( )3. These days students in some schools _ not to use mobile phones. (2011安徽芜安徽芜 湖湖) A. ask B. asked C. are asked D. were asked C ( )4. Trees _ every
19、 year to make our city greener. (2011广西南宁市广西南宁市) A. plant B. are planted C. were planted D. will be planted B ( )5. Were very glad to know that a great sports meeting _ in Guiyang this September. (2011贵州贵阳贵州贵阳) A. will hold B. will be held C. will be hold B ( )6. A lot of trees _ on the hill yesterd
20、ay. (2011雅安雅安) A. are planted B. will be planted C. have been planted D. were planted D ( )7. The Taiwan spotted deer, Fan Xing and Dian Dian, _ to the Chinese mainland on April 16, 2011. (2011山东滨州山东滨州) A. have sent B. were sending C. were sent D. had sent C ( )8. Im glad to find that many trees _ i
21、n our city last year.(2011重庆重庆) A. plant B. planted C. were planted D. are planted C ( )9. Computers _widely in our daily life. (2011四川宜宾四川宜宾) A. use B. used C. were used D. are used D ( )10. Today a lot of information can _ online. (2011天津天津) A. receive B. be received C. is received D. receiving B
22、( ) 11. In order to make our hometown more beautiful, trees _ around the city every year. (2012贵州贵阳贵州贵阳) A. plant B. are planted C. will plant B ( ) 12. Today, computers are really helpful. They _ everywhere. (2012北京北京) A. use B. are used C. used D. were used B ( ) 13. Hot water _ in the students fl
23、ats from 5 pm to 7 pm now. (2012广东广东) A. supplies B. is supplied C. supplied D. was supplied B ( ) 14. Alice _ some advice on how to improve her listening skills, and she gladly accepted Miss Greens. (2012江苏淮安江苏淮安) A. gave B. was given C. gives D. is given B ( ) 15. The mobile phone has influenced p
24、eoples life a lot since it _. (2013陕陕 西西) A. invents B. invented C. is invented D. was invented D ( ) 16. This listening material, together with its CD-ROMs, _well. (2013江苏常江苏常 州州) A. sells B. sell C. is sold D. are sold A ( ) 17. The sports meeting _ next month. (2013湖南益阳湖南益阳) A. will hold B. is go
25、ing to hold C. will be held C ( ) 18. Lots of food and water _ to Yaan, Sichuan Province immediately after the earthquake happened. (2013 浙江衢州浙江衢州) A. were sent B. are sent C. send D. sent A 【2014河南河南】When Tim _ why he was late for school, he just kept silent. A. was asked B. asked C. was asking D.
26、is asking 【2014陕西陕西】Every day, too much water _ in our school. We should save it. A. is wasted B. wastes C. was wasted D. wasted A A 【2014杭州杭州】To my great surprise, the famous athletes story _ differently in the newspapers. A. was reported B. reported C. was reporting D. reports 【2014嘉兴嘉兴】 Tell me one thing youre proud of in your junior high school, Tony. I _ as captain of the school football team. A. choose B. chose C. am chosen D. was chosen A D
