1、UNIT 5 POEMS 预习新知早知道预习新知早知道 .匹配词义 a匹配下列单词词义 ( )1.sorrow Aadj.空白的；无图画 (或韵律、装饰)的；没表情的 n空白；空格 ( )2.rhyme Bn.情绪；心情；语气 ( )3.diamond Cvt.修改；润色；抛光 n上光剂；抛光；擦亮 ( )4.amateur Dn.悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤 ( )5.mood En.押韵词；押韵的短诗 ( )6.delicate Fn.最后期限；截止日期 ( )7.revolve Gn.钻石；金刚石；菱形 ( )8.blank Hn.业余爱好者 adj.业余的，业余爱好的 ( )9.
2、deadline In.精美的；精致的；脆弱的 ( )10.polish Jvi.旋转；环绕；转动 答案 15 DEGHB 610 IJAFC b匹配下列短语词义 ( )1.to the point A由组成(构成) ( )2.be popular with B有意义；讲得通 ( )3.be made up of C切题的；中肯的 ( )4.make sense D受欢迎 ( )5.be translated into E被翻译成 答案 15 CDABE .默写单词 1 adj. 文学的；爱好文学的； 有文学作品特征的 2 adj. 幼儿教育的 n. 托儿所；保育室 3 adj. 民间的；民俗
3、的；普通百姓的 literary nursery folk 4 vi.&vt. 取笑(某人)；揶揄；逗弄 5 n. 音节 6 vt. 等候；期待；将发生在 7 vt. 出声；说；讲 adj. 安全的；十足的；彻底的 tease syllable await utter 8 n. 偏见；成见 vt. 使怀有(或形成)偏见 9 adj. 复杂的；难懂的 10 vt.&vi. 播种；种 prejudice complicated sow .选词填空 utter； tease； sorrow； deadline； await； blank； complicated； version； polish；p
4、rejudice 1They said that the decision was made more in than in anger. 2There is little against workers from other EU states. prejudice sorrow 3The situation in Lebanon is very 4He his glasses with a handkerchief. 5I hope we can finish this before the 6The English of the novel is due for publication
5、next year. 7She turned to a page in her notebook. 8He smacked his lips but did not a word. complicated polished deadline version blank utter 9Dont him about his weight，youre being cruel. 10We know that many difficulties us. await tease .语法填空之派生词 1They finished first and second (respective) 2His beha
6、viour was completely beyond (comprehensive) 3 She met people in London who were (sympathy) to the Indian freedom struggle. 4He claims he has evidence which could prove his (innocent) respectively comprehension sympathetic innocence 5I refused to enter into any (correspond) with him about it. 6They h
7、ave pledged (保证) to end (race) discrimination in areas such as employment. racial correspondence 1There are various reasons why people compose poetry. 人们写诗的 。 2One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular
8、theme. 最简单的一种诗是“清单诗” ，它包含了 。 的事物、人物、思想或描述 原因是多方面的 一系列发展特定主题 3 List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. 清 单 诗 有 一 个 灵 活 的 行 长 度 和 重 复 的 短 语， 。 4Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，which is ma
9、de up of five lines. 另一种 简单形式是五行诗。 业余爱好者很容易写诗的 这给诗歌提供了一种模式和节奏 5With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own. ，你最终可能会想自己写诗。 有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择 名师圈点 various adj.各种各样的 compose vt.创作；撰写 convey vt.传递；表达 sorrow n. 悲伤；悲痛；伤心事 vi.感到悲伤 distinctive adj.独
10、特的；有特色的 characteristic n特征；特点；品质 economical adj.经济的 descriptive adj. 描写的；叙述的；描写性的 vivid adj.生动的；栩栩如生的 integrated adj.综合的；完整统一的 imagery n. 形象的描述；意象 literary adj. 文学的；爱好文学的；有文学作品特征的 metaphor n暗喻；隐喻 rhyme n. 押韵诗 rhythm n. 节奏；韵律；规律 nursery rhyme 童谣；儿歌 folk adj.民间的；民俗的；普通百姓的 to the point 切题的；中肯的 make sen
11、se 有意义；讲得通 contradictory adj.矛盾的；对立的 recite vt. 背诵；吟诵；列举 21description n描写；描述 22theme n主题 23flexible adj.灵活的；可弯曲的 24amateur n. 业余爱好者 adj. 业余的；业余爱好的 25cinquain n五行诗 26be made up of 由组成 27haiku n. 俳句 28consist of 由构成 29syllable n音节 30 format n格式；总体安排 vt.格式化 31 respectively adv. 分别；各自；依次为 32translation
12、 n翻译；译文 33delicate adj. 精美的；精致的；脆弱的 34mockingbird n嘲鸫 35diamond n钻石；金刚石；菱形 36brass n黄铜；黄铜制品；铜管乐器 37 billy goat 公山羊 38bull n. 公牛 39dewdrop n露水；露珠 40clover n三叶草 41lawn n草坪；草地 42athletic adj.健壮的；田径运动的 43tease vi.&vt. 取笑(某人)；逗弄 44await vt. 等候；期待；将发生在 45revolve vi. 旋转；环绕；将发生在 46 utter vt. 出声；说；讲 原文呈现 A F
13、EW SIMPLE FORMS OF ENGLISH POEMS There are various reasons why people compose poetry. Some poems tell a story or describe a certain image in the readers mind. Others try to convey certain feelings such as joy and sorrow. The distinctive characteristics of poetry often include economical use of words
14、， descriptive and vivid language，integrated imagery，literary devices such as similes and metaphors，and arrangement of words， lines， rhymes， and rhythm. Poets use many different forms of poetry to express themselves. Now we will look at a few of the simpler forms. Some of the first poems a young chil
15、d learns in English are nursery rhymes. They are usually the traditional poems or folk songs. The language of these rhymes，like Poem A，is to the point but has a storyline. Many children enjoy nursery rhymes because they rhyme， have a strong rhythm，and often repeat the same words. The poems may not m
16、ake sense and even seem contradictory，but they are easy to learn and recite. By playing with the words in nursery rhymes， children learn about language. One of the simplest kinds of poem is the “list poem” ，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions 21 that develop a particular the
17、me 22 . List poems have a flexible 23 line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem. Some rhyme like B and C，while others do not. Another simple form of poem that amateurs 24 can easily write is the cinquain 25 ，which is made up of 26 five lines. With these，you
18、can convey a strong picture or a certain mood in just a few words. Look at the example D Haiku 27 is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 28 17 syllables 29 . It has a format 30 of three lines，containing 5，7，and 5 syllables respectively 31 . It is not a traditional form of English poetry，but i
19、s very popular with English writers. It is easy to write and，like the cinquain，can give a clear picture and create a special feeling using very few words. The haiku poem E on the right is a translation 32 from Japanese，which shows a moment in the life of a delicate 33 butterfly. English speakers als
20、o enjoy poems from China， those from the Tang Dynasty in particular. A lot of Tang poetry has been translated into English，such as this one F With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，you may eventually want to write poems of your own. Give it a try! A Hush，little baby，dont say a word， P
21、apas gonna buy you a mockingbird 34 . If that mockingbird wont sing， Papas gonna buy you a diamond 35 ring. If that diamond ring turns to brass 36 ， Papas gonna buy you a looking glass. If that lookingglass gets broke， Papas gonna buy you a billy goat 37 . If that billy goat wont pull， Papas gonna b
22、uy you a cart and bull 38 . B Mother Hundreds of stars in the deep blue sky， Hundreds of shells on the shore together， Hundreds of birds that go singing by， Hundreds of bees in the sunny weather， Hundreds of dewdrops 39 to greet the dawn， Hundreds of bees in the purple clover 40 ， Hundreds of butter
23、flies on the lawn 41 But only one mother the world over. George Cooper C LIFE Life can be good， Life can be bad， Life is mostly cheerful， but sometimes sad. Life can be dreams， Life can be great thoughts， Life can mean a person， Sitting in court. D Brother Beautiful，athletic 42 Teasing 43 ，shouting，
24、laughing Friend and enemy too Mine E A fallen blossom Is coming back to the branch. Look，a butterfly! F Where she awaits 44 her husband On and on the river flows. Never looking back， Transformed into stone. Day by day upon the mountain top， wind and rain revolve 45 . Should the traveller return， thi
25、s stone would utter 46 speech. Wang Jian 译文参考 英语诗歌的一些形式 人们写诗的原因是多方面的。 有些诗在读者心目中讲故事或描写 某种形象。其他人则试图表达某些情感，如喜悦和悲伤。诗歌的显著 特点通常包括用词简洁，语言描述生动、形象，具备整合的意象，使 用明喻和暗喻等文学手法，词、行、韵、节奏等编排有序。诗人用许 多不同的种类的诗歌来表达自己。现在我们来看一些简单的形式。 小孩子在英语中最先学会的一些诗是儿歌。 它们通常是传统诗歌 或民歌。这些童谣(如诗歌 A)的语言简单明了，但有故事情节。许多 孩子喜欢童谣， 因为童谣押韵， 节奏很强， 而且经常重复
26、同一个单词。 这些诗可能没有意义，甚至看起来矛盾，但它们很容易学习和背诵。 通过玩儿歌里的单词，孩子们学习语言。 最简单的一种诗是“清单诗” ，它包含了一系列发展特定主题的 事物、 人物、 思想或描述。 清单诗有一个灵活的行长度和重复的短语， 这给诗歌提供了一种模式和节奏。有些押韵像 B 和 C，而另一些不 押韵。 另一种业余爱好者很容易写诗的简单形式是五行诗。有了这些， 你可以在短短的几句话里传达出一幅强烈的画面或某种情绪。看D 这个例子。 俳句是一种日语诗歌形式，由 17 个音节组成。它有三行格式， 分别包含 5、7 和 5 个音节。它不是英国诗歌的传统形式，但很受英 国作家的欢迎。它写起
27、来很容易，而且像五行诗一样，每用几个字就 能给人一个清晰的画面和一种特殊的感觉。 右边的俳句诗是日文的译 本，它展示了一只精致蝴蝶生命中的一刻。 母语是英语的人也喜欢中国的诗， 尤其是唐朝的诗。 有许多唐诗 被翻译成英文，比如这一首诗F。 有这么多不同形式的诗歌可供选择，你最终可能会想自己写诗。 试试看！ A 安静，小宝贝，不要说话， 爸爸会去给你买一个嘲鸫。 如果嘲鸫不唱歌， 爸爸会去给你买一枚钻石戒指。 如果钻石戒指变成黄铜， 爸爸会去给你买一面镜子。 如果镜子碎了， 爸爸会给你买一只山羊。 如果这山羊逃跑了， 爸爸会给你买一辆马车和一头公牛。 B 母亲 千百颗行星挂在深蓝的天空， 千百颗贝壳遍布悠长的海岸， 千百只鸟儿鸣唱飞过， 千百只蜜蜂在阳光下往返， 千百滴露珠迎接黎明， 千百只蜜蜂穿梭在紫色的三叶草中， 千百只蝴蝶在原野飞舞， 可只有一个母亲，在这茫茫的世间。 乔治 库珀 C 生活 生活可以美满， 生活可以悲伤， 生活可以充满欢乐， 但有时令人沮丧。 生活可以是梦想， 生活可以也可能是伟大的思想， 生活也可能意味着一个人， (法庭) 坐在被告席上。 D 兄弟 爱美，又爱运动 爱闹，爱叫，又爱笑 是我的朋友 也是我的敌人 E 落下的花朵， 回到了树枝上。 瞧啊，是个蝴蝶！ F 望夫处， 江悠悠， 化为石， 不回头。 山头日日风复雨， 行人归来石应语。 王建
