1、UNIT 3 ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION 预习新知早知道预习新知早知道 .匹配词义 a匹配下列单词词义 ( )1.emission Avt.&vi.提交；呈递；屈服 ( )2.fuel Bvt.对处以罚款 ( )3.worldwide Cvi.&vt.改革；(使)改正；改造 n改革；变革；改良 ( )4.broadcast Dn.公司；企业；事业 ( )5.policy Evt.恢复；使复原；修复 ( )6.reform Fn.燃料；刺激性言行 ( )7.submit Gn.政策；方针；原则 ( )8.enterprise Hvt.&vi.播送；广播；传播 n广播节目；电
2、视节目 ( )9.restore In.排放物；散发物；排放 ( )10.fine Jadv.遍及全球地 adj.世界各地的；影响全世界的 答案 15 IFJHG 610 CADEB b匹配下列短语词义 ( )1.result in A许多；很多 ( )2.take action B对产生影响 ( )3.carry out C指的是 ( )4.dozens of D被困在；陷入困境；陷入 ( )5.have an impact on E采取措施 ( )6.refer to F导致 ( )7.be trapped in G执行；实施 ( )8.on behalf of H代表(代替)某人 答案
3、15 FEGAB 68 CDH .默写单词 1 vi.&vt. (使)融化；熔化；软化 2 vt. 使生效；贯彻；执行 3 adj. 适度的；中等的；温和的 vi.&vt. 缓和；使适中 4 adj. 每年的；一年的 n. 年刊；年鉴 melt implement moderate annual 5 n. 量；体积；(成套书籍中的)一卷 6 n. 运动；战役 vi.&vt. 参加运动；领导运动 7 adj. 敏感的；善解人意的；灵敏的 8 adj. 原子能的；核能的；原子核的 9 n. 垃圾；废物 10 n. 生态；生态学 volume campaign sensitive nuclear g
4、arbage ecology .选词填空 restore；trend；sensitive；release；melt；submit；campaign； worldwide；undergo；policy 1The snow had ，but the lake was still frozen solid. 2Humour is wonderful for tension. 3His books have sold more than 20 million copies melted releasing worldwide 4There is a growing towards earlier re
5、tirement. 5The company has adopted a firm on shoplifting. 6Some children a complete transformation when they become teenagers. 7They their reports to the Chancellor yesterday. 8She is very to other peoples feelings. trend policy undergo submitted sensitive 9She may not have the money to maintain or
6、her house. 10 Today police launched a to reduce road accidents. campaign restore .语法填空之派生词 1Over three hundred people have died of (starve) since the beginning of the year. 2Making the house (habit) was a major undertaking. 3This is why the focus now is on (sustain) development. 4The Rough Guide to
7、Nepal is a (comprehension) guide to the region. comprehensive starvation habitable sustainable 5I (frequent) use sunflowers as symbols of strength. 6The government has agreed to lift (restrict) on press freedom. 7 It is a (harmony) community where pupils are happy and industrious. 8Yet much of their
8、 success reflects good management and good (regular) frequently restrictions harmonious regulations 9All products have to pass strict (inspect) before they go out. 10His (tolerate) of her behaviour amazed me. toleration inspection 1According to the scientists who found its dead body，all that remaine
9、d of the polar bear was “skin and bones”. 据发现其尸体的科学家称， 。 北极熊仅存的只是“皮包骨头” 2Experts claimed that low sea- ice levels caused by climate change meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. 专家称，由于气候变化导致的海洋冰川位置低 ， 因此它必须走更远的距离才能找到食物。 不能像以前那样捕猎海豹
10、意味着这只熊 3Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，which has two common meanings：the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man- made” greenhouse effect. 气候学家经常提到一个关键的过程， 叫作“温室效应”， 它有两 个共同的含义： 。 “自然”温室效应和“人为”温室效应 4 Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere， such as
11、methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earths climate warm and habitable. 大气层中的温室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳， ， 保持了地球气候的温暖和宜居。 捕获了一些热量 5There is strong and comprehensive evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme weather and natural disasters worldwide， not only causin
12、g serious damage， but also costing human lives. 有确凿而全面的证据表明， 气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾 害增多， 。 不仅造成严重破坏，而且造成人员伤亡 名师圈点 decade n十年 graph n图；图表；曲线图 atmosphere n大气层；氛围 melt vi.&vt.(使)融化；熔化；软化 melting ice 正在融化的冰 evidence n证据；根据 dramatic adj.巨大的；令人震惊的；戏剧性的 Svalbard 斯瓦尔巴群岛(又译斯瓦尔巴特、斯匹次卑尔根群岛) 意为冷岸海岸。 位于北极地区的群岛， 是挪威最北界
13、国土范围的属地， 它坐落在欧洲大陆北方，于挪威大陆与北极点两者之间。 skin and bone 皮包骨头 starve vi.&vt.(使)挨饿；饿死 starvation n饥饿；挨饿；饿死 claim vt.宣称；声明；断言 alarming adj.使人惊恐的；令人惊慌的；引起恐慌的 have an impact on.对产生影响 ecology n生态；生态学 average adj.平均的 n平均数 refer to 指的是；参考；查阅 short- wave 短波的 release vt.&n.排放；释放；发布 length n长；长度 methane n甲烷；沼气 carbon
14、 dioxide 二氧化碳 21habitable adj.适合居住的 22sustain vt.维持；遭受；承受住 23extra adj.额外的 24fossil n化石 25be trapped in 被困在；陷入困境；陷入 26comprehensive adj.全部的；所有的；详尽的 27extreme adj.极度的；极端的 28worldwide adj.遍及全球地 29appropriate adj.适当的；恰当的 30trend n趋势；趋向；动向 31broadcast vt.&vi.播送；广播；传播 32emission n排放物；散发物；排放 33result in 导
15、致 34 long- lasting 持久的；长期的 35individual n个人 36 carbon footprint 碳足迹 37restrict vt.限制；限定；束缚 38seize vt.抓住；夺取；控制 原文呈现 CLIMATE CHANGE REQUIRES THE WORLDS ATTENTION We have known about climate change for decades . There is little doubt that Earth is getting warmer and warmer (see the graph )1 A warming
16、ocean and atmosphere along with melting ice and rising sea levels provide evidence of a dramatic change in the global climate. 1There is no doubt that.不容置疑的。 In 2013，a lot of people were shocked by a news photo of a dead polar bear that was found on2 Norways Arctic island of Svalbard . According to
17、the scientists who found its dead body，all that remained of the polar bear was “skin and bones ” An expert who has studied polar bears for many years said that from the position of its dead body3，the bear appeared to have starved and died. Experts claimed that low sea ice levels caused by climate ch
18、ange meant the bear could not hunt seals as before，so it had to travel greater distances in order to find food. This alarming case showed how the increase in temperature had an impact on Earths ecology. 2that 引导定语从句，修饰 a dead bear。 3who 引导定语从句修饰 an expert；that 引导宾语从句。 Then what is causing the increa
19、se in the global average surface temperature? Climate scientists often mention a key climate process called the “greenhouse effect”，which has two common meanings4: the “natural” greenhouse effect and the “man- made” greenhouse effect. The “natural” greenhouse effect refers to the fact that heat from
20、 the sun enters the atmosphere and warms Earths surface as short- wave radiation5The heat is released back into space at longer wave lengths. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere，such as methane and carbon dioxide，trap some of the heat，keeping Earths climate warm and habitable 21 . Without this proces
21、s，Earth could not sustain 22 life. However，the “manmade” greenhouse effect has now become a big problem. When people produce huge amounts of extra 23 greenhouse gases by burning fossil 24 fuels，more heat energy is trapped in 25 the atmosphere and causes Earths surface temperature to rise quickly. 4c
22、alled.是过去分词短语作定语；which 引导非限定性定语从 句。 5that 引导同位语从句，解释 the fact。 There is strong and comprehensive 26 evidence that the rise in temperature has led to an increase in extreme 27 weather and natural disasters worldwide 28 ， not only causing serious damage， but also costing human lives6Climate scientists
23、 have warned that if we do not take appropriate 29 actions，this warming trend 30 will probably continue and there will be a higher price to pay. In fact，news reports are frequently broadcast 31 about extreme rainstorms and heatwaves causing deaths and economic losses. 6that 引导同位语从句，解释 evidence；causi
24、ng 和 costing 在句 中作结果状语。 Continued greenhouse gas emissions 32 will result in 33 further warming and long- lasting 34 changes to the global climate. This requires the attention of people all over the world. Governments need to consider making policies and taking appropriate actions and measures to re
25、duce greenhouse gas emissions. We as individuals 35 can also reduce our “carbon footprint 36 ” by restricting 37 the amount of carbon dioxide our lifestyles produce. It is our responsibility to seize 38 every opportunity to educate everyone about global warming，along with its causes and impacts，beca
26、use this is the most serious issue affecting all of us on this planet. So what will you do to help？ 译文参考 气候变化需要全 世界的关注 我们已经知道气候变化几十年了。 毫无疑问， 地球正变得越来越 暖和(如图所示)。海洋和大气的变暖，冰的融化和海平面的上升，为 全球气候的剧烈变化提供了证据。 2013 年，挪威北极斯瓦尔巴特岛发现一只北极熊死亡的新闻照片， 令很多人震惊。据发现其尸体的科学家称，北极熊仅存的只是“皮包骨 头”。一位研究北极熊多年的专家说，从北极熊尸体的位置来看，北极 熊似乎是饿
27、死的。专家称，由于气候变化导致的海洋冰川位置低意味着 这只熊不能像以前那样捕猎海豹， 因此它必须走更远的距离才能找到食 物。这一令人担忧的案例表明，温度的升高是如何影响地球生态的。 那么是什么导致了全球平均地表温度的上升呢？气候学家经常提到一个 关键的过程，叫作“温室效应” ，它有两个共同的含义： “自然”温室效应和 “人为”温室效应。 “自然”温室效应是指太阳产生的热量以短波辐射的形式 进入大气并使地球表面变暖。热量以较长的波长释放回太空。大气层中的温 室气体，如甲烷和二氧化碳，捕获了一些热量，保持了地球气候的温暖和宜 居。没有这个过程，地球就无法维持生命。然而， “人为”的温室效应现在已
28、经成为一个大问题。当人们通过燃烧化石燃料产生大量额外的温室气体时， 更多的热能被困在大气中，导致地球表面温度迅速上升。 有确凿而全面的证据表明， 气温上升导致全球极端天气和自然灾 害增多， 不仅造成严重破坏， 而且造成人员伤亡。 气候科学家警告说， 如果我们不采取适当的行动， 这种变暖趋势可能会继续下去， 并将付 出更高的代价。 事实上， 有关极端暴雨和热浪造成死亡和经济损失的 新闻报道经常播出。 温室气体排放量的持续增加将导致进一步变暖和全球气候的长 期变化。这需要全世界人民的关注。各国政府需要考虑制定政策，采 取适当行动和措施减少温室气体排放。 我们作为个人也可以通过限制 我们生活方式产生的二氧化碳量来减少我们的“碳足迹” 。我们有责 任抓住每一个机会， 教育大家认识全球变暖及其原因和影响， 因为全 球变暖是影响我们地球上所有人的最严重问题。 那么你会做些什么来 帮忙呢
