1、1architect n. 建筑师architecture n建筑学；建筑术；建筑风格；建筑式 样 2superb adj.极好的，出色的superbly adv.庄重地；华美地；极好地 3front n前面；正面；前线 adj.前面的，前部的；正面的frontier n知 识/物理学等的前沿 frontier n(知识/物理学等的)前沿，尖端；国界，边界；边远地区 a remote frontier settlement 边远地区 the frontier between Austria and Hungary 边界 advance the frontiers of science 前沿/领
2、域 Words And Phrases 知识要点1 take for granted 认为理所当然 (教材 P50)In fact，we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us. 事实上，我们已经习惯了它们，甚至可能认为它们是理所当然的，没有意识 到它们给了我们多少灵感。 例 1 He just takes everything his mother does for him for granted.
3、他只是认为他妈妈为他做的一切都是理所当然的。 例 2 We shouldnt take anything for granted. 我们不要认为什么都是理所当然的。 造句 你不应该认为父母的爱理所当然。 You shouldnt take your parents love for granted. 知识拓展 take it for granted that. 想当然地认为 granting that.granted that. 假定，即使 即学即练 单句语法填空 They now have their own opinions; you cant take it for granted th
4、at theyll listen to you. Granted/Granting(grant)that this is true，what conclusion can you reach? She often told me not to take things for granted(grant). 知识要点2 superb adj.极好的，出色的 (教材 P51)Harares Eastgate Centre is a superb example of biomimicry. 哈拉雷的东门中心是仿生学极好的典范。 例 1 The sports facilities are super
5、b. 运动设施是一流的。 例 2 It makes a superb filling for cakes. 它非常适合做蛋糕的馅儿。 造句 这辆车车况极好。 The cars in superb condition. 知识拓展 (1)look superb 看上去棒极了 a superb performance 一流的演出 a superb dinner 一顿丰盛的晚餐 (2)superbly adv. 庄重地；华美地；极好地 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 He performed superbly(superb)in the test. His medical skill is so s
6、uperb that he can hardly be filled in for an emergency. 他医术高超，在紧急情况下几乎无人企及。 小片段填空 Cylinder observed that the best hospitals did not just have superb doctors.They were also superbly organised. 知识要点3 convert.into 将转化为；使转变为 (教材 P51)The panels also capture heat from the sun and convert it into energy th
7、at powers the building. 太阳能面板还能从太阳中获取热量，并将其转化为提供给建筑物的能量。 例 1 All the bank money was converted into cash. 所有的银行票据都兑换成了现金。 例 2 A poet is one who can convert ordinary words into a meaningful and effective piece of writing. 诗人是能够用普通的文字写出寓意深刻、感人至深的作品的人。 造句 所有形式的能量都转化为热能。 All forms of energy are converted
8、 into heat. 知识拓展 convert.from.to. 把从转化为 即学即练 单句语法填空 Modernization has converted the country from a primitive society to a near industrial one. At what rate does the dollar convert into pounds? 知识要点4 respond to 回应；对作出反应 (教材 P51)The building therefore not only responds to its environment and uses less
9、 energy，but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy. 因此，该建筑不仅能对环境作出反应，减少能源消耗，而且还能通过生产自 己的可再生能源来减少对环境的破坏。 例 1 The woman conductor kindly responded to my question. 女列车员亲切地回答了我的问题。 例 2 The teacher responded affirmatively to the question that student have put forwar
10、d. 老师对那个学生的问题作了肯定的回答。 造句 她听到那个消息后眼泪夺眶而出。 She responded to the news by bursting into tears. 知识拓展 (1)respond that. 回答说 (2)response n. 回答；响应；反应 in response to 响应；反应(通常作状语) make (no)response to 对(没)作出反应/回答 即学即练 单句语法填空/一句多译 Did Mothers leg respond to treatment? The product was developed in response(respo
11、nd)to customers demand. She responded to my letter with a phone call. She made a response to my letter with a phone call. 她收到我的信，给我回了个电话。 小片段填空 On your first question， we have responded to it on various occasions.I believe youve also taken note of the response by the Ministry of Defense. Sentence Pa
12、tterns 重点句式1 so.that.引导结果状语从句 (教材 P50)In fact，we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us. 事实上，我们已经习惯了它们，甚至可能认为它们是理所当然的，没有意识 到它们给了我们多少灵感。 句式分析：句中 so.that.意为“如此以至于”，引导结果状语 从句。 例 1 Shes kind and patient，and she explains Englis
13、h grammar so clearly that even I can understand it! 她友善、耐心，把英语语法讲解得清清楚楚，连我都懂了！ 例 2 At one point we were so high that we found ourselves cycling through clouds. 在某个时刻，我们发现自己置身高处，仿佛骑车穿越云层。 造句 他接受她的邀请真是太傻了。 He was so foolish that he accepted her invitation. 知识拓展 (1)so.that.如此以至于，that 引导结果状语从句，口语中 that
14、可以 省略。常见搭配如下： soadj./adv.that. soadj.a(n)单数名词that. somany/much/few/little(少)n.that. (2)such.that.如此以至于，such 修饰的是名词。常见搭配如下： sucha(n)adj.单数名词that. suchadj.复数名词/不可数名词that. (3)so that 意为“因此， 结果”， 引导结果状语从句。 so that 还可表示“以便， 目的是”，引导目的状语从句。 即学即练 单句语法填空/句型转换 He had so little education that he was unfit for
15、this job. It is so good a film that Id like to see it a second time. It was so fine a day that we went out for a walk. It was such a fine day that we went out for a walk. 重点句式2 “make宾语宾补” ”结构 (教材 P50)Today， architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms，to mimic the way n
16、ature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building 今天，建筑师继续探索如何捕捉自然形态之美，模仿自然的运行方式，甚至 使天然有机物成为建筑的一部分。 句式分析：句中 make natural organisms part of a building 为“make宾语 宾补”结构，宾补为 part of a building。 例 1 The bad news made us more anxious for the matter. 这个坏消息使我们对这件事更加担忧。 例 2 His joke made us lau
17、gh our heads off. 他讲的笑话逗得我们大笑不已。 造句 她帮他坐起身来，以便他舒服一点。 She sat him up and made him comfortable. 知识拓展 (1)“make 宾语 宾补”结构中，宾语补足语可以由名词、形容词、 过去分词、不定式等来充当；该结构中一般不用现在分词充当宾补；职务名词充 当宾补时其前面不用加冠词。 (2)当不定式短语或从句等作宾语时，多用 it 作形式宾语，构成的句型主要 有： makeitadj./n.(for sb.)to do sth. makeitadj./n.that 从句 (3)常用于这种句型的动词还有：think
18、，consider，find，feel 等。 即学即练 单句语法填空/完成句子 The two girls are so alike that strangers find it difficult to tell(tell)one from the other. We thought it no use explaining to him what had happened here because he didnt care. This nonstop communication， the experts think， has made it easier for British peop
19、le and Americans to understand each other. 专家们认为，这种不间断的交流使英国人和美国人彼此理解起来更加容易。 重点句式3 状语从句的省略 (教材 P51)To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge，but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve this.在保护明天的世界的同时满足今天的需要可能是一个挑战，但即使 是最简单的生物体也可以帮助我们实
20、现这一点。 句式分析：句中 while protecting the world of tomorrow 是时间状语从句的省 略形式。 例 1 Work hard while/when (you are)young，or youll regret. 少壮不努力，老大徒伤悲。 例 2 While (she was)walking along the river bank，she was singing a pop song. 她沿着河堤边走边唱着流行歌曲。 造句 做家庭作业的时候不要听音乐。 Dont listen to music when/while (you are)doing your
21、homework. 知识拓展 当 when，while，before，after，unless，as if，if 等引导的状语从句中的主语 与主句主语一致或从句主语是 it，且从句谓语中含有 be 动词时，可以省略从句 中的主语和 be 动词。 即学即练 句型转换 If you are accepted for the job，youll be informed soon. If accepted for the job，youll be informed soon. While he was playing with his children outdoors，the father felt
22、 very happy. While playing with his children outdoors，the father felt very happy. He wont come unless he is invited. He wont come unless invited 1In fact，we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realising how much inspiration they have given us. 分析：句中 so used to them tha
23、t.为 so.that.引导的结果状语从句，其中介 词without后是动名词短语作宾语， how much inspiration they have given us 为how 引导的宾语从句。 译文：事实上，我们已经习惯了它们，甚至可能认为它们是理所当然的，没 有意识到它们给了我们多少灵感。 2To meet the needs of today while protecting the world of tomorrow may be a challenge，but even the simplest organisms can help teach us how to achieve
24、 this. 分析：句中 but 连接表示转折关系的并列句，第一个分句中不定式短语 To meet the needs of today为主语， while protecting the world of tomorrow为时间状语， 第二个分句中 how to achieve this 为宾语。 译文：在保护明天的世界的同时满足今天的需要可能是一个挑战， 但即使是 最简单的生物体也可以帮助我们实现这一点。 教材 高考 1.In fact， we are so used to them that we may even take them for granted without realisi
25、ng how much inspiration they have given us. (2019 江苏卷)Chris and Tim offered us the answer: human beings took it for granted that their brains held all the solutions，but maybe their hearts can be a better guide. 2.When we look at a pine cone，we might (2019 江苏卷)In one week he was the think how much it
26、 looks like the tiles on a roof. confused owner of a cone five hundred feet high. 3.Today，architects continue to explore ways to capture the beauty of natural forms，to mimic the way nature works or even to make natural organisms part of a building. (2019天 津 卷 )What makes the populations of different
27、 species the way they are？ 4.Architecture Frontier (2019 全 国 卷 )Space: The Final Homework Frontier. .单句语法填空 1Weve had a very positive response(respond)to the idea. 2She is such a lovely girl that we all like her. 3I have，however，seen a superbly(superb)majestic and beautiful sunrise. 4The hotel is go
28、ing to be converted(convert)into a nursing home. 5Dont take it for granted that we can succeed without working hard. 6Mr.Murphy is so good a teacher that he can get across these problems. 7He almost had to shout to make himself heard(hear)above the music. 8When speaking(speak)before people，you must
29、have confidence. 9He sat on the ground which was littered with dry grass and pine cones(cone). 10Should architects(architect)continue to be trained for five years at public expense? .短语填空 take.for granted，based on，convert.into，respond to，such as 1 Tom didnt respond to any of my calls.Something must
30、have happened to him. 2Our health shouldnt be taken for granted and we must care for it. 3Issues such as these were not really his concern. 4The signals from the video tape can be converted into digital code. 5The book follows four characters，loosely based on my uncles. .课文语法填空 Nature has inspired m
31、any fascinating designs 1.in architecture.Singapores ArtScience Museum，2.shaped(shape)to resemble a lotus flower，was designed to show the connection between nature and the modern city environment.Visitors are often amazed to find 3.themselves(they)in an urban building that so truly captures the beau
32、ty of natural forms.Zimbabwean architect Mick Pearce 4.was inspired(inspire)to create Harares Eastgate Centre while 5.watching(watch)termites constructing their nests.The design reduces the need for 6.traditional(tradition)air conditioning and heating systems，so the building uses less energy and cos
33、ts less to run.The 7.worlds(world)first algae- powered building is in Hamburg，Germany.Its surface is covered in panels 8.that/which contain algae.The building therefore not only uses less energy，9.but also reduces damage to the environment by generating its own renewable energy.Creating such 10.buildings(building)enables us to live in closer harmony with our environment.
