1、Unit 2 Grammar and usage simple, compound and complex sentences simple sentence complex sentence Content 01 03 02 compund sentence simple sentence (简单句简单句) 简单句就是只含有一个主谓结构只含有一个主谓结构且句子各成分都只由单词或短语构成 的独立句子或分句。在简单句中主语和谓语是句子的主干，是句子的核心 。 简单句可归纳为五个基本句型（SV, SVP, SVO, SVOO, SVOC）。表达 简单句使用哪个基本句型，取决于该句子中的谓语动词。也
2、就是说不同类 型的谓语动词，要求使用不同类型的基本句型。 Spray rose up from the surface of the water. SV(A) There has been a sharp rise in the number of people out of work. SVO(A) The weather has turned cold. SVP Could you fetch me my bag? SVOO The bomb blast left 25 people dead. SVOC You must keep it a secret. SVOC I didnt no
3、tice him leaving. SVOC Dont expect others to read your mind. SVOC He put his coat on the sofa. SVOC compound sentence (并列复合句并列复合句) 并列复合句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成。两个简单句 常由并列连接词连在一起；但有时不用连接词，只在两个简单句之间用分号 进行隔开。 常见的并列连词有：1.表并列：and, not onlybut also, neithernor等； 2. 表转折：but, yet, while, howe
4、ver, nevertheless等；3. 表选择：or, otherwise, not. but., either. or.等；4.表因果：for, so, therefore等。 The skies grew dark and it began to rain. I dont eat much, yet I am a size 16. One person wants out, while the other wants the relationship to continue. We thought the figures were correct. However, we have n
5、ow discovered some errors. They martched out singly or (they marched out) in pairs. You are either a total genius or else you must be totally crazy. There is still much to discuss. We shall, therefore, return to this item at our next meeting. We listened eagerly, for he brought news of our families.
6、 complex sentence (主从复合句主从复合句/ /复杂句复杂句) 主从复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句为句子的主体 ,从句只用作句子的一个次要成分,不能独立成为一个句子。从句通常由关联 词引导,并由关联词将从句和主句联系在一起。从句按其在复合句中的作用, 分为名词性从句（同位语从句、主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句）、定语从 句和状语从句等。 What I wanted, more than anything, was a few days rest. (主语从句) The problem is how we can find hi
7、m. (表语从句) The committee will debate whether to lower the age of club membership to 16. (宾语从句) Despite the fact that she was wearing a seat belt, she was thrown sharply forward. (同位语从句) Houses which overlook the lake cost more. (定语从句) The government is at a stage where it is willing to talk to almost
8、 anyone. (定语从句) She was so tired that she couldnt think straight. (状语从句) Where there is a will, there is a way. (状语从句) 即时练习即时练习 将下列简单句合并为并列复合句或主从复合句 1. When will Jack set off ? I am not sure. _ 2. Please excuse me. I have to say something. _ 3. The bridge has been rebuilt now. It was built in 1959.
9、_ 即时练习即时练习 将下列简单句合并为并列复合句或主从复合句 4. Do you konw the students address? Her nanme is Jenny. _ 5. I waved goodbye. I went down the stone harbour steps. . _ 6. Something unexpected happens. Ill see you tomorrow. _ 参考答案参考答案 1. I am not sure when Jack will set off. 2. Please excuse me, but I have to say something. 3. The bridge that/which was built in 1959 has been rebuilt now. 4. Do you know the students address whose name is Jenny 5. I waved goodbye and went down the stone harbour steps. 6. Unless something unexpected happens, Ill see you tomorrow. Thanks
