1、必修三必修三 Unit 1 Reading 1. The world ( we live in) is full of natural wonders. (1) natural wonder 自然奇观 wonder n.奇迹；奇观；奇妙之处 If you wonder about something, you think about it, either because it interests you and you want to know more about it, or because you are worried or suspicious about it. I wondere
2、d what that noise was. If you wonder at something, you are very surprised about it or think about it in a very surprised way. He liked to sit and wonder at all that had happened. If you say that it is a wonder that something happened, you mean that it is very surprising and unexpected. Its a wonder
3、that it took almost ten years. (2) be full of 充满. 2. The documentary script below describes the Amazon rainforest, which is home to a wide range of wildlife. (1) documentary script 纪录片脚本 (2) describe 描述-description (3) be home to .的家园/栖息地 (4) A wide range of .各种各样的。 (5) What do you think this script
4、 is about judging from the title? 从。判断 The tour was judged a great success. 这次巡回演出被认为是大获成功。 She was asked to judge the essay competition. 评价；鉴定；（尤指）批评，指责 What gives you the right to judge other people? 你有什么权利对别人评头论足？ to judge a case 审理案件 3. The Amazon rainforest: a natural treasure(大自然的珍宝) 4. Welcom
5、e to the jungle, a huge sea of green alive with the sounds of animals. 欢迎来到亚马逊森林，这是一片绿色的海洋。 （1）a sea of 大片的，成片的 see a sea of smiling faces 看到一片笑脸 （2）alive with 充满，到处是 The pond was full of frogs. 池塘里都是青蛙。 5. As the biggest rainforest in the world, it plays a significant role in maintaining the fine b
6、alance of the Earths ecosystem. (1) play a role in doing sth (2) maintain the balance of sth 保持.的微妙平衡 (3) ecosystem 生态系统 eco+system 环境的 ecologist 生态学家 ecotourism 生态旅游业 6. The Amazon rainforest crosses into(横跨) eight countries, including Brazil （巴西） and Peru （秘 鲁）, on the South American continent（大陆，
7、陆地）. noun1C 大陆； 陆地； 洲 one of the large land masses of the earth such as Europe, Asia or Africa the continent of Africa 非洲大陆 the African continent 非洲大陆 the Continentsing. (BrE) 欧洲大陆（不包括英国和爱尔兰） the main part of the continent of Europe, not including Britain or Ireland Were going to spend a weekend on
8、the Continent.我们要去欧洲大陆度周末。 7. With an area of around 5.5 million square kilometers, the Amazon rainforest is more than half the size of China. (1) With an area of 面积为. (2) 倍数表达法： A+be+倍数+the size/height/weight/length/width/depth of +B A+be+倍数+比较级+than B A+be+倍数+as+ 形容词/副词+as 倍数+what 8. The Amazon Ri
9、ver, from which the forest gets its name, is about 6400kilometers in length-around 100kilometers longer than the Yangtze River. in length 在长度上 9. On its journey from the mountains to the ocean, the river supports many different ecosystems. support many different ecosystem 支持很多不同的生态系统 10. They give t
10、his area the richest biodiversity on the Earth: one in ten known species in the world can be found. biodiversity 生物多样性 biodiversity n. 生物多样性(维持着生态环境平衡的大量各种生物的共存) 11. Of the 390,000 species of plants known to man, more than 40,000 can be found in the Amazon rainforest. 12. This tall and ancient brazi
11、l nut tree produces nuts that we can eat; these water lilies are big enough to lie to lie down on. 13. The forests different levels provide food and shelter for an unbelievable variety of wildlife. noun 1 U 居所；住处 the fact of having a place to live or stay, considered as a basic human need Human bein
12、gs need food, clothing and shelter. 人类有衣、食、住的需求。 2 U (from sth) 遮蔽，庇护，避难（避雨、躲避危险或攻击） protection from rain, danger or attack to take shelter from the storm 躲避暴风雨 The fox was running for the shelter of the trees. 狐狸朝树丛跑，想要躲藏起来。 People were desperately seeking shelter from the gunfire. 人们拼命地找地方躲避炮火。 3
13、C (often in compounds 常构成复合词) （尤指用以躲避风雨或攻击的）遮蔽物，庇护处， 避难处 a structure built to give protection, especially from the weather or from attack They built a rough shelter from old pieces of wood. 他们用旧木条搭了一个简陋的窝棚。 an air-raid shelter 防空洞 see also bus shelter 4 C （无家可归者或受虐待者的）收容所，庇护所 a building, usually own
14、ed by a charity, that provides a place to stay for people without a home, or protection for people or animals who have been badly treated a night shelter for the homeless 无家可归者夜间收容所 an animal shelter 动物收容处 14. At the bottom, there is a system of roots beneath the ground. 15. Above that is the mass o
15、f leaf litter on the dark forest floor. 16. Then there are the towering ancient hardwoods, and finally the sunny treetops many meters above the ground. towering only before noun 1 高大的；高耸的；屹立的 extremely tall or high and therefore impressive towering cliffs 高耸的悬崖 2 卓越的；杰出的；出色的 of extremely high qualit
16、y a towering performance 出色的表演 3 (of emotions 情感) 强烈的；激烈的 extremely strong a towering rage 勃然大怒 17. Each level of the forest forms its own world, home to all kinds of living things. adj. 1 活着的；活的 alive now all living things 所有生物 living organisms 活的机体 the finest living pianist 當世的最杰出的钢琴家 2only before
17、 noun 在使用的；在实施的 used or practised now living languages (= those still spoken) 现用语言 a living faith 仍有人信奉的信仰 18. More than 1300 species of birds and over 400 species of mammals hide among the Amazon rainforests life. 19. This jaguar is an example. 20. Although close to extinction in other areas, jagua
18、rs can still survive here. 牛津词典 noun U （植物、动物、生活方式等的）灭绝，绝种，消亡 a situation in which a plant, an animal, a way of life, etc. stops existing a tribe threatened with extinction/in danger of extinction 面临消亡威胁 / 有消亡危险的部落 The mountain gorilla is on the verge of extinction . 居住在山区的大猩猩已濒临灭绝。 21. They are onl
19、y one element of the forests food chain. 牛津词典 noun 部分；数量 part/amount 1C (in/of sth)要素；基本部分；典型部分 a necessary or typical part of sth Cost was a key element in our decision. 价钱是我们决策时考虑的主要因素。 The story has all the elements of a soap opera. 这个故事是非常典型的肥皂剧题材。 Customer relations is an important element of t
20、he job. 与客户的关系是这个工作的重要部分。 2C, usually sing. of surprise, risk, truth, etc. 少量；有点；有些 a small amount of a quality or feeling We need to preserve the element of surprise. 我们得保留一些使人感到意外的东西。 There appears to be an element of truth in his story. 他的说法似乎有点道理。 集团 group of people 3C, usually pl. （大团体或社会中的）一组，
21、一群，一伙 a group of people who form a part of a larger group or society moderate/radical elements within the party 党内的温和派 / 激进派 unruly elements in the school 学校里难管教的人 化学 chemistry 4C 元素（如金、氧、碳） a simple chemical substance that consists of atoms of only one type and cannot be split by chemical means int
22、o a simpler substance. Gold, oxygen and carbon are all elements . compare compound n. (2) 土；空气；火；水 earth/air/fire/water 5C 要素（旧时认为土、空气、火和水是构成一切物质的四大要素） one of the four substances: earth, air, fire and water, which people used to believe everything else was made of 天气 weather 6the elementspl. （尤指恶劣的）
23、天气 the weather, especially bad weather Are we going to brave the elements and go for a walk? 我们要冒着风雨去散步吗？ to be exposed to the elements 经受风吹雨打 基本原理 basic principles 7elementspl. （学科的）基本原理，基础，纲要 the basic principles of a subject that you have to learn first 同义词： basics He taught me the elements of ma
24、p-reading. 他教我看地图的基本方法。 环境 environment 8C, usually sing. （尤指动物的）自然环境，适宜的环境 a natural or suitable environment, especially for an animal Water is a fishs natural element. 水是鱼的天然生活环境。 电器元件 electrical part 9C 电热元件；电热丝 the part of a piece of electrical equipment that gives out heat The kettle needs a new
25、 element. 这个电壶需要一根新电热丝。 22. They feed on at least 87 species, including frogs. 23. These frogs, in turn, feed on insects which eat leaves and seeds. 24. When jaguar dies, a tiny army of microorganisms helps break down its body and return the nutrients to the earth. PHRASAL VERB （机器或车辆）出毛病，损坏 If a ma
26、chine or a vehicle breaks down, it stops working. Their car broke down. 他们的车子出故障了。 2 PHRASAL VERB （讨论、关系或系统）失败，破裂，失灵（讨论、关系或系统）失败，破裂，失灵 If a discussion, relationship, or system breaks down, it fails because of a problem or disagreement. Talks with business leaders broke down last night. 昨晚与商界领导人的谈判破裂
27、了。 3 PHRASAL VERB 分解；将分成若干部分 To break down something such as an idea or statement means to separate it into smaller parts in order to make it easier to understand or deal with. The report breaks down the results region by region. 报告将调查结果按地区分成若干部分。 4 PHRASAL VERB-ERG （使）（物质）分解（使）（物质）分解 When a substan
28、ce breaks down or when something breaks it down, a biological or chemical process causes it to separate into the substances which make it up. Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into its constituent amino acids. 时间久了，蛋壳中的蛋白质就会分解为其构成成分氨基酸。 5PHRASAL VERB 感情失控（痛哭起来）感情失控（痛哭起来） If someone
29、breaks down, they lose control of themselves and start crying. Because he was being so kind and concerned, I broke down and cried. 他如此体贴关心，令我忍不住失声痛哭。 6PHRASAL VERB 捣毁；拆除捣毁；拆除 If you break down a door or barrier, you hit it so hard that it falls to the ground. An unruly mob broke down police barricad
30、es and stormed the courtroom. 一伙暴徒捣毁了警察设置的路障冲进法庭。 7PHRASAL VERB 消除，破除（障碍或偏见）消除，破除（障碍或偏见） To break down barriers or prejudices that separate people or restrict their freedom means to change peoples attitudes so that the barriers or prejudices no longer exist. His early experience enabled him to break
31、 down barriers between Scottish Catholics and Protestants. 他早年的经历使他能够消除苏格兰天主教徒和新教徒之间的隔阂。 25. The amazon rainforest breaths life into the planet into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 nper cent of the all the Earths oxygen. Breath life into.给。注入新的活力 It is the readers who breathe life
32、into a newspaper with their letters. 是读者通过来信给报纸带来了生气。 26. Thus, it is often known as the lungs of the planet. 27. Moreover, the Amazon Forest is a treasure house of species that can be used for food and medicine. 28. Yet, there is one major danger to these irreplaceable plants and animals:us. irrepl
33、aceable adj. (因贵重或独特)不能替代的 29. In the past few years, 17 per cent of the rainforests has disappeared due to human activities such as agriculture and cattle farming. agriculture noun U 农业；农学；农艺 the science or practice of farming The number of people employed in agriculture has fallen in the last deca
34、de. 过去十年，农业从业人数已经下降。 【派生词】agricultural adj. agricultural policy/land/production/development 农业政策 / 土地 / 生产 / 发展 30. As the impact of human activities continues to grow, and list of the species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we are left with a question：can we afford to damage the lungs of th
35、e planet？ noun C, usually sing., U 1 (of sth) (on sb/sth) 巨大影响；强大作用 the powerful effect that sth has on sb/sth the environmental impact of tourism 旅游事业对环境的巨大影响 The report assesses the impact of AIDS on the gay community. 这个报告评估了艾滋病对同性恋群体的影响。 Her speech made a profound impact on everyone. 她的讲话对每个人都有深
36、远的影响。 Businesses are beginning to feel the full impact of the recession. 工商企业开始感受到了经济衰退的全面冲击。 2 撞击；冲撞；冲击力 the act of one object hitting another; the force with which this happens craters made by meteorite impacts 陨石撞击而成的陨石坑 The impact of the blow knocked Jack off balance. 这一记猛击把杰克打了个趔趄。 The bomb explodes on impact (= when it hits something) . 炸弹受到撞击就爆炸。 The car is fitted with side impact bars (= to protect it from a blow from the side) . 这辆车的两侧都安装了保险杠。
