1、Unit 4 Exploring literature Reading (II) I. Examples from the passage The second quality of literature is its appeal to our feelings and imagination. Its attraction lies more in what it awakens in us than what it says. (lines 2122) appeal: n. a quality that makes sb/sth attractive or interesting att
2、raction: n. a quality that makes sth seem interesting and enjoyable Similar meaning synonyms Suddenly he heard strange, low musical sounds. (line 2) Then the man explained that the child heard nothing strange, and that the shell caught a range of sounds too faint for human ears. (lines 45) To enter
3、and enjoy this new world, we need to love literature. (lines 910) In a word, we have now reached a point where we wish to enjoy and understand literature. (lines 1314) Some truth and beauty remain unnoticed until a sensitive human soul brings them to our attention, just as the shell reflects the unn
4、oticed sounds. (lines 1517) One who reads it is capable of seeing the beauty that was hidden from his eyes before. (lines 1920) Good literature reflects the most basic of human naturelove and hate, joy and sadness, fear and hope. (lines 2829) Love Joy Fear Hate Sadness Hope Opposite meaning antonyms
5、 II. Definitions however, the apple is very small. Formed by adding affixes with negative meaning Derivative antonyms Prefix: un-, non-, in-, dis-, mis-, ir-, il- pleasant polite understand unpleasant misunderstand impolite Suffix: -free, -proof, -less tax water hopeful tax-free water-proof hopeless
6、 A brief summary III. Application of antonyms and synonyms Enlarge vocabulary Enrich writing How to enlarge vocabulary Learning synonyms and antonyms can help remember the words you are trying to learn. big: of more than average size or amount large: a slightly more formal word than big, used to des
7、cribe objects and amounts major: (usually before noun) big and important considerable/substantial: quite big, used especially about amounts huge/massive/enormous: extremely big great: (usually before noun) very big, used especially to describe the level or number of something vast: extremely big, us
8、ed about areas, distances, numbers or amounts gigantic: extremely big and much bigger than other things of the same type colossal: extremely big, used about amounts or objects tremendous: having an extremely big effect small: not large in size, amount or effect little: (usually before noun) small, u
9、sed about objects, places and living things. used especially with other adjectives to show how you feel about someone or something low: used about prices, rents, levels or standards slight: (usually before noun) small and not very important or not very noticeable minor: small and not important or no
10、t serious compact: small, used about places, buildings, etc. in which space is used effectively, or about phones, cameras, cars, etc. which are designed to be much smaller than usual cramped: used about a space, room or vehicle that is too small because people do not have enough room to move around
11、tiny: very small, used about objects, numbers or amounts minute: extremely small and extremely difficult to see and notice How to enrich our writing Using synonyms and antonyms can help you express yourself better by making your speech or writing richer and more colourful. I took leave, and turned t
12、o the ascent of the peak. The climb was perfectly easy. I admire his wisdom. I respect his generosity. Moreover, I think highly of him for his courage. It would be foolish to ignore his advice. If I were you, I would take his words into serious consideration. 1. He arrived in the city. He _ the city
13、. 2. She believed that fate was always against her. She believed that _ was always against her. 3. She has a bright future as a tennis player. She has a _ future as a tennis player. Using synonyms to change the underlined words reached destiny promising 4. Success will stimulate people for fresh eff
14、orts. Success will _ people for fresh efforts. 5. I dont know how she bears his cruelty to her. I dont know how she _ his cruelty to her. Using synonyms to change the underlined words encourage/foster/promote stands/tolerates/puts up with 1. My parents always encourage me to develop my own ideas. My parents _ me to develop my own ideas. 2. Their influence on the national economy should not be overlooked. Their influence on the national economy should _. Using antonyms to change the underlined words never discourage be thought highly of
