1、Now he is independent of his parents and can earn a/his living for himself. More and more students are taking a gap year to earn money to support their study for their degree. Word study 1 earn vt./vi. 赚得；获利；赢得赚得；获利；赢得 earn 赚得，挣得赚得，挣得 earn a/ones living = make a/ones living 谋生，维持生计谋生，维持生计 earn/make
2、money 挣钱挣钱 His outstanding ability earned him a place on the team. He earned a reputation / fame as an expert on tax law. As a teacher, he has earned the respect of his students. earn 博得，赢得博得，赢得 earn sb. sth. 为某人赢得为某人赢得/ /博得博得 earn a fame/a reputation 赢得名声、名誉赢得名声、名誉 earn ones respect/ earn the respe
3、ct of sb. 赢得某人的尊敬赢得某人的尊敬 earnings n.(pl.) 薪水，工资，收入；利润，收益薪水，工资，收入；利润，收益 Practice 1) The best way _ (earn) respect is to work hard and achieve high grades. 2) Many people who live along the coast _ (谋生谋生) in fishing industry. 3) She went to Hollywood in search of fame and fortune, but _ (得到了不好的名声得到了不好
4、的名声). to earn earn a/their living make a/their living earned a bad reputation 2 chain n. 链子，链条；一系列；连锁店链子，链条；一系列；连锁店 vt. 用锁链拴住用锁链拴住 mountain/island chains 山脉；岛群山脉；岛群 食物链食物链 food chain 连锁反应连锁反应 chain reaction 连锁超市连锁超市 a chain of supermarkets/a supermarket chain a chain of 一连串；一系列一连串；一系列 She chained he
5、r bicycle to the gate. Bitten twice, the postman refused to deliver our letters unless we chained our dog. chain sb/sth (to sb/sth) 用锁链拴住（或束缚、固定）用锁链拴住（或束缚、固定） Practice 1) To be honest, I dont want to get a job where Im chained _ a desk all day. It will bore me to death. 2) The collar (衣领；颈圈衣领；颈圈) is
6、 put on the dog every night to keep it _ (chain) up. to chained 3 promote vt. 促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升促进，推动；促销；提升，晋升 promotion n. 促进；促销，推销；提升，晋升促进；促销，推销；提升，晋升 判断下列句子中判断下列句子中promote的含义的含义 1) While the original purpose of the World Post Day was to promote the postal service worldwide, now its significance is mo
7、re about postal culture. 2) She worked hard and was soon promoted to manager. 3) Many online shops will give customers a great discount to promote their goods. 促进促进 晋升晋升 促销促销 Practice 1) While waiting for the opportunity to get _ (promote), Henry did his best to perform his duty. 2) (2019北京卷北京卷) All
8、 our projects aim _ (promote) the development of poor and remote communities. 3) Her _ (promote) to Sales Manager took everyone by surprise. promoted to promote promotion 4 observe vt. 遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝遵守；注意到；观察；庆祝 observation n. 观察，观测观察，观测 observer n. 观察者观察者 (1) 庆祝庆祝 Could you tell me how your family us
9、ually observe the Spring Festival. 你在国外定居时庆祝圣诞节吗？你在国外定居时庆祝圣诞节吗？ Did you observe Christmas when you settled abroad? under observation 在观察中在观察中 (2) 遵守遵守(规则、法律等规则、法律等) 遵守法律遵守法律/ /交通规则交通规则 observe the law/traffic rules 遵循当地习俗遵循当地习俗 observe the local customs 到了国外，你应该遵守当地的风俗？到了国外，你应该遵守当地的风俗？ You should ob
10、serve the local customs when you go abroad. (3) 观察，观测观察，观测 我们老师做实验，同学们则认真观察。我们老师做实验，同学们则认真观察。 Our teacher performs the experiment, while we students observe carefully. (4) 注意到，看到注意到，看到 The police observed him driving at 90 miles per hour. An old man observed the thief open the window and run away. o
11、bserve sb. doing sth 注意到注意到/ /看到某人正在做某事看到某人正在做某事( (动作正在进行动作正在进行) ) observe sb. do sth. 注意到注意到/ /看到某人做某事看到某人做某事( (动作的全过程动作的全过程) ) Practice 1) When I passed by his house, I observed him _ (play) in the yard. 2) The police officer observed the man _ (enter) the bank. 3) Evidence gained from _ (observe)
12、 and experiments is often used to confirm(证实证实) a scientific theory. playing enter observation 5 honour n. 尊敬，敬重；荣幸；荣誉尊敬，敬重；荣幸；荣誉 vt. 尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守尊重，尊敬；给予表扬；信守 The monument was built in honour of the soldiers who died for the country. May I have the honour of dancing with you? It is a great honour
13、to get promoted to general manager. n. in honour of sb.= in ones honour 为向为向表示敬意，为纪念表示敬意，为纪念 have the honour of doing sth. 有幸做某事有幸做某事 It is an honour (for sb.) to do sth 很荣幸做某事很荣幸做某事 I feel/am honoured to have the opportunity to take part in the voluntary activity in honour of Lei Feng. The universi
14、ty honoured the student with the special prize for his academic excellence. vt. be/feel honoured to do sth. 做某事感到荣幸做某事感到荣幸 honour sb. with sth. 某事使某人感到荣幸；给予某人表扬某事使某人感到荣幸；给予某人表扬/ /奖励奖励/ /头衔头衔 / /称号称号 honourable adj. 可敬的，值得钦佩的可敬的，值得钦佩的 Practice (1) We will hold a big celebration _ honor of this great
15、writer. (2) It is _ honor _ _ a speech here. 很荣幸在这里发表演讲很荣幸在这里发表演讲。 (3) The president honored us _ a personal visit. 总统亲临总统亲临，我们感到荣幸我们感到荣幸。 in an to give/make with (4) I feel honored _ (take) on the role as a volunteer. (5) I hope to find an _(honour) way of settling difficulties. 我希望找到一个体面的办法来摆脱困境我希
16、望找到一个体面的办法来摆脱困境。 to take honourable 6 identity n. 特性；身份特性；身份 a sense of identity 自我认同感自我认同感 national/cultural/social identity 民族民族/ /文化文化/ /社会认同社会认同 身份证身份证 identity card (ID card) The expert is gifted in identifying jewels. He identified the young man as the criminal being hunted after. identify vt.
17、 鉴定；识别，认出鉴定；识别，认出 identify sb./sth. as . 认为认为/ /认出认出/ /确认确认.是是. identification n. 辨认，识别；身份证明辨认，识别；身份证明 facial identification 面部识别面部识别 Practice (1) Each product has a number for easy _ (identify). (2) The mans _ (identify) remains unknown. (3) Raising the minimum wage _ _ _ a key way to address the i
18、ncome gap. 提高最低工资被认为是解决收入差距的一个关键途提高最低工资被认为是解决收入差距的一个关键途 identification identity is identified as 7 cover vt. 遮盖；遮盖；( (收入收入) )足以支付；涉及；足以支付；涉及； 行走；采访，报道行走；采访，报道 n. 盖子，罩子，封面，被子盖子，罩子，封面，被子 be covered with(强调状态强调状态)/by(强调动作强调动作) 被被.覆盖覆盖 Practice (说出划线词的意义说出划线词的意义) (1) $50 will cover my expenses. (2) The
19、US news media will cover the trial(审判审判) closely. (3) She covered the food with a piece of cloth. (4) They walked for a long time and covered a good deal of ground. (5) The book aims to cover all aspects of city life. (6)The cover of the book is green. 足以支付足以支付 报道报道 遮盖遮盖 行走行走 涉及，涵盖涉及，涵盖 封面封面 8 sort
20、n. 种类，类别种类，类别 vt. 整理，分类；妥善处理整理，分类；妥善处理 In my job, I have to deal with all sorts of people so that I have improved my ability to get along with others. He looked a sort of bored with the film, so he left the cinema before the end of it. n. all sorts of (= all kinds of) 各种各样的各种各样的 a sort of 一种；一种；(表示不
21、十分准确表示不十分准确)近似于近似于.，有点像是，有点像是. sort of (= kind of) 有点，有几分有点，有几分( (动词、形容词、副词前动词、形容词、副词前) ) We must sort out the good apples from the bad ones. Rubbish can easily be separated and sorted into plastics, glass, paper, etc. vt. sort out 整理；挑出，拣出整理；挑出，拣出 sort . into . 把把.分类分类 Practice: (1) I sort _ like h
22、im, but I dont know why. 我有点儿喜欢他，但不知道为什么。我有点儿喜欢他，但不知道为什么。 (2) There are all _ of activities for exchange students. 有各种各样的活动供交换生。有各种各样的活动供交换生。 (3) The police were called to sort _ a domestic. 已叫警察来解决家庭纠纷。已叫警察来解决家庭纠纷。 of sorts out 9 settlevi./vt. 定居；结束，解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置定居；结束，解决；决定；使处于舒适的位置 The family has
23、 settled down in the USA. (1) 定居定居 vi. settle down (在某地在某地)定居下来，过安定的生活定居下来，过安定的生活 settle a dispute/ an argument/ differences (2) 解决解决(分歧、纠纷等分歧、纠纷等)，结束，结束(争论、争端等争论、争端等) vt. 解决争端解决争端/争论争论/分歧分歧 He found it hard to settle down to his work. (3) (使使)平静下来平静下来 vt./vi. settle down to sth.定下心来做某事，开始认真做某事定下心来做
24、某事，开始认真做某事 Lets set on the date of the next meeting. (4) 选定，决定选定，决定vi. 咱们把下次开会的日期定下来吧。咱们把下次开会的日期定下来吧。 settle on/upon. 选定选定/决定决定. The settlers settled in North America in the sixteenth century, and helped the Indians settle some farming problems. Their settlement was the beginning of American develop
25、ment in a way. settler cn. 殖民者，移民殖民者，移民 settlement un. 解决，处理；移民解决，处理；移民 cn. 定居点定居点 Practice (说出划线词的意义说出划线词的意义) (1) Some people would like to settle in warmer places when they get old. (2) When arguments occur, we should learn to settle it. (3) It has been settled that we will have a day off. 定居定居 解决
26、解决 确定确定 10 convenient adj. 方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的方便的，省事的，便利的，实用的 conveniently adv. 便利地；合宜地便利地；合宜地 convenience n. 便利；厕所；便利的事物便利；厕所；便利的事物 inconvenient adj. 不便的；打扰的不便的；打扰的 It is convenient for sb to do sth 某人做某事很方便某人做某事很方便（不能说不能说sb. be convenient） be convenient for/ to sb 对某人来说方便对某人来说方便 只要您方便，我随时都可以开始工作。只要您方便
27、，我随时都可以开始工作。 I can start to work whenever it is convenient for you. for convenience 为了方便为了方便 at ones convenience 在某人方便的时候在某人方便的时候 for ones convenience/ for the convenience of sb 为了某人方便为了某人方便 他们可他们可能能为了方便而使用信用卡。为了方便而使用信用卡。 They may use a credit card for convenience. 如果你能尽早回信，我会不胜感激。如果你能尽早回信，我会不胜感激。 I
28、 would appreciate it if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience. Practice: (1) Would it be _ for you _ (pick) me up at 4 oclock? 你方便四点钟来接我吗你方便四点钟来接我吗? ? (2) England is the largest of the four parts, and for _ it is divided into 3 parts. 英国是四个部分中最大的，为了方便起见，它被分成了英国是四个部分中最大的，为了方便起见，它被分成了 三个区
29、。三个区。 (3) You can do it _ your convenience. 你可以在你方便的时候做。你可以在你方便的时候做。 convenient to pick convenience at 11 fortune n. 机会，运气；巨款；命运机会，运气；巨款；命运 I have the good fortune to work with some excellent workers. Many of the villagers sought their fortune in big cities. 运气，机会运气，机会 seek ones fortune 外出寻找发财机会，外出闯
30、荡外出寻找发财机会，外出闯荡 have the good/bad fortune to do sth 有幸有幸/不幸做某事不幸做某事 Through ten years of hard work, he has made a small fortune. 巨款，大笔巨款，大笔 的钱的钱 a small fortune 一大笔钱一大笔钱 make ones/a fortune发财发财 fortune(n.) fortunate (adj.) unfortunate (adj.) fortunately (adv.) unfortunately (adv.) misfortune (n.)不幸的事
31、不幸的事 故；厄运，故；厄运， 不幸不幸 Practice: (1) I had the good _ (fortune) to work with an expert. (2) _ (fortunate), he lost the chance to go abroad. fortune Unfortunately 12 tear n. 眼泪，泪珠眼泪，泪珠 vt./vi. 撕裂，撕碎撕裂，撕碎 (tore, torn) She burst into tears the moment she saw her parents. He was fighting back tears as he
32、spoke. n. burst into tears = burst out crying 突然哭起来突然哭起来 fight back tears 强忍眼泪，抑制住眼泪强忍眼泪，抑制住眼泪 in tears 含泪，留着眼泪含泪，留着眼泪 The girl entered the room in tears. The bride tore the letter in two angrily. She tore up the book and threw it away. v. tear sth in two 把把.撕成两半撕成两半 tear up 撕毁，撕裂撕毁，撕裂 tear apart 使分崩离析，使分离使分崩离析，使分离 Practice: (1) The children were all _ tears. 孩子们都哭了孩子们都哭了。 (2) Mary _(tear) the book up and ran out. (3) When she heard the news, she burst _ tears. in tore into 1. Review what weve learned today; 2. Finish the exercises.
