1、1/16 单元综合检测单元综合检测(三三) .阅读理解(共 15 小题； 每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分) A Looking for something entertaining to do？Check out some awesome festivals around the world. KoninginnedagThe Netherlands Koninginnedag or Queens Day is a national holiday in the Kingdom of the Netherlands.Although the birthday of the curren
2、t Queen，Beatrix，is actually during the winter，she has celebrated it on April 30th，the countrys official “Queens Day” since 1949.Orange is the national color，and the streets become a sea of feather boas(围巾) and body paint as crowds gather in the plazas and on boats in the rivers.Amsterdam is the cent
3、er of this outdoor party，with many live music events， but nearly every town is alive with orange on this day. Thai Elephant DayThailand Thai Elephant Day is a national holiday in Thailand.Thai Elephant Day has been celebrated on March 13th of every year since 1998.Because the elephant is the nationa
4、l animal of Thailand，it is highly respected and treasured.During the festivals elephants are honored during a ceremony in which they are fed bananas，other fruit， and sugarcanes. The Fire FestivalShetland On the last Tuesday in January the entire town of Lerwick，Shetland goes up in flames.At the fest
5、ival，youll find yourself sitting，dancing，or stumbling around the largest bonfire youve ever seen in your life.The festival lasts only one day but takes the entire year to plan.Be prepared for an evening of singing，dancing，and fastpaced activity，and dont worry about making it to work the next dayits
6、a national holiday! HoliIndia Holi，the Festival of Colors，is a Hindu celebration full of joy and one of Indias most important holidays.On the day of the last full moon of the lunar month，usually late February or early March，the air is full of brightcolored powder.The festival is 2/16 celebrated diff
7、erently throughout the country，with bonfires and music，but the cheerful spirit is common throughout Hindu communities around the world. 【语篇解读】 作者向我们介绍了世界上一些非常有趣的节日。 1What do we know about Koninginnedag? AIt is celebrated on the day of the current Queens birthday. BIt is not celebrated outside the ci
8、ty of Amsterdam. CEveryone must wear orange clothes to celebrate it. DIt has a history of more than sixty years. D 细节理解题。 根据第二段的“Although the birthday.since 1949.”可知这个 节日已经有 60 多年历史了。 2The festival celebrated on March 13th in Thailand is held to Ashow peoples respect for their Queen Bshow Thai peopl
9、es respect for elephants Cask people to protect endangered animals Dhelp people relax by singing and dancing B 推理判断题。根据第三段的“Thai Elephant Day has been celebrated on March 13th of every year since 1998.”可知这是泰国的大象日，又根据“it is highly respected and treasured.”可推断这个节日是为了表示对大象的敬重。 3 Why dont people have to
10、 worry about working the day after the Fire Festival? ABecause people are allowed to sleep at work the next day. BBecause the activities are too simple to get people tired. CBecause people dont have to go to work the next day. DBecause the festival ends very early at night. C 细节理解题。 根据第四段的“dont worr
11、y about making it to work the next dayits a national holiday！”可知第二天是全国性的假日，不用上班。 B Coffee is an important part of Italian culture and since arriving here over six months ago, I have drunk a lot of it! Of course, coffee is also very popular in the UK but coffee culture in Italy is a completely differ
12、ent story.In Italy, when you order a coffee in a caf or bar(酒吧), 3/16 you are served with a tiny, bitter espresso.This is “normal(正常的) coffee” for Italians and they are not so interested in the huge coffees that we drink in the UK.If you want more than one sip(小口) of coffee in Italy, lungo is a good
13、 choice.It is espresso with a little more water added, but still served in a small cup.In addition, while takeaway coffee is quite popular among Brits, it is not very common at all in Italy, especially in nontouristy areas.Generally, Italians prefer to drink their tiny coffees while standing at the
14、bar and, for many, this short break is an important part of their day. Usually, breakfast in a bar in Italy includes a coffee and a pastry(酥皮糕点)I have been spoiled for choice with lovely caf s in the Italian town Im living in.These caf s sell different kinds of mouthwatering pastrieseither plain(无馅料
15、的) or filled with cream, chocolate, etc.as well as delicious coffee.Cappuccinos are very popular at breakfast time and, for me, a creamy cappuccino and a pastry with chocolate is the perfect way to start the day. Finally, I have found that coffee in Italy is so much cheaper than coffee in the UK.Nor
16、mally, an espresso or a macchiato (an espresso with a drop of milk) costs around a euro and a cappuccino about 1.50！They are small, of course, but this means that in Italy it is possible to go out for coffee every day without breaking the bank. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了意大利的咖啡文化。 4How is Paragraph 2 main
17、ly developed? ABy time. BBy space. CBy example. DBy comparison. D 推理判断题。 第二段通过与英国的咖啡文化对比， 介绍了意大利的咖啡 文化。 5Which coffee will you get in Italy if you order one without special instructions? AEspresso. BLungo. CCappuccino. DMacchiato. A 细节理解题。由第二段中的“In Italy, when you order a coffee. normal(正常的) coffee
18、for Italians.”可知，在意大利咖啡馆或酒吧点一杯咖啡 4/16 时，服务员上的是 espresso, 这种咖啡对意大利人来说是正常咖啡。 6What can we learn about the coffee culture in Italy? ATakeaway coffee is very popular among Italians. BItalians are very often seen drinking huge coffees. CItalians like to take short breaks from work for coffee. DCoffees ar
19、e often served along with pastries during breakfasts. D 细节理解题。 由第三段中的“Usually, breakfast in a bar in Italy includes a coffee and a pastry(酥皮糕点)”可知，在意大利，人们的早餐通常包含一杯咖 啡和一份酥皮糕点。 7What does the author think of Italian coffee? AShe loves its bitter taste. BIt is too expensive for her. CIt is a good choic
20、e for breakfast. DThe cup it is served in is too small. C 细节理解题。由第三段中的“for me, a creamy cappuccino.perfect way to start the day.”可知，作者认为咖啡是早餐的上好选择。 C My mother always told us there is no use crying over spilt milk.That means you should not get angry when something bad happens and cannot be changed.S
21、he also told us you have to break some eggs to make an omelet(煎蛋卷)This means you have to do what is necessary to move forward. My mother believed you are what you eat.A good diet is important for good health.She would always give us healthy food.She liked serving us meat and potatoes for dinner.The
22、meat and potatoes can also mean the most important part of something. People always said my father was the salt of the earth, because he would never pour salt on a wound, or make someone feel worse about something that was already a bad experience.However, sometimes he told us a story that seemed bi
23、gger than life.So we had to take it with a grain(粒) of salt.That is, we could not believe everything he told us. My manager at work does not always know what is going on in our office.Yet she is right about one thing: there is no such thing as a free lunch.Something may 5/16 appear to be free, but t
24、here may be a hidden cost.When we fail to see problems at work, the manager tells us to wake up and smell the coffee.We need to pay more attention and fix the problem.I once made a big mistake at the office and felt silly.I had egg on my face. Over the weekend, my friend invited me to watch a footba
25、ll game on television.But I do not like football.It is not my cup of tea. I hope I have given you food for thought, that is, something to think about. 【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了英语中一些惯用语所使用的场合。 8When problems came up, the authors mother told them to Agive up Bhurry up Cbe careful Dkeep calm D 细节理解题。 根据第一段的句子“My
26、mother always told us there is no use crying over spilt milk.That means you should not get angry when something bad happens and cannot be changed.”可知当问题出现时，作者的妈妈告诉他们要保持 冷静。故选 D。 9Which of the following is used to describe the most important part of something? AThe milk and eggs. BThe salt and water.
27、 CThe tea and coffee. DThe meat and potatoes. D 细节理解题。 根据第二段的句子“The meat and potatoes can also mean the most important part of something.”可知“The meat and potatoes”可以被用来描述最 重要的部分。故选 D。 10In peoples eyes, the authors father Aalways feels unhappy Balways tells lies Cis a very nice man Dis a good storyt
28、eller C 细节理解题。 根据第三段的意思可知在人们的眼里， 作者的爸爸是个很 好的人。“the salt of the earth”指“善良而诚实的人”。故选 C。 6/16 11If a girls face turns red because she does a wrong thing, she may say “ ” AI am what I eat BI have egg on my face CIt is not my cup of tea DIm the salt of the earth B 细节理解题。根据第四段的最后一句“I once made a big mista
29、ke at the office and felt silly.I had egg on my face.”可知如果一个女孩因为做了错事脸变红 了，她可能会说“我丢脸了。”故选 B。 D Many leading AI researchers think that in a matter of decades, artificial intelligence will be able to do not merely some of our jobs, but all of our jobs, forever transforming life on Earth. The reason why
30、 many regard this as science fiction is that weve traditionally thought of intelligence as something mysterious that can only exist in biological organisms, especially humans.But such an idea is unscientific. From my point of view as a physicist and AI researcher, intelligence is simply a certain ki
31、nd of informationprocessing performed by elementary particles (基本粒子) moving around, and there is no law of physics that says one cant build machines more intelligent than us in all ways.This suggests that weve only seen the tip of the intelligence iceberg and that there is an amazing potential to un
32、lock the full intelligence that is potential in nature and use it to help humanity. If we get it right, the upside is huge.Since everything we love about civilization is the product of intelligence, amplifying (扩大) our own intelligence with AI has the potential to solve tomorrows toughest problems.F
33、or example, why risk our loved ones dying in traffic accidents that selfdriving cars could prevent or dying of cancers that AI might help us find cures for? Why not increase productivity through automation (自动化) and use AI to accelerate our research and development of affordable sustainable (可持续的) e
34、nergy? Im optimistic that we can develop rapidly with advanced AI as long as we win the race between the growing power of our technology and the knowledge with which we manage it.But this requires giving up our outdated concept of learning form 7/16 mistakes.That helped us win the race with less pow
35、erful technology: We messed up with fire and then invented fire extinguishers (灭火器), and we messed up with cars and then invented seat belts.However, its an awful idea for more powerful technologies, such as nuclear weapons or superintelligent AIwhere even a single mistake is unacceptable and we nee
36、d to get things right the first time. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。 作者是一个物理学家和人工智能研究者， 他向我们阐述了我们对人工智能发展的误解及人工智能的优势。 12How do many people feel about leading AI researchers predictions? AWorried. BCurious. CDoubtful. DDisappointed. C 推理判断题。根据第二段的“The reason why many regard this as science fiction is that weve trad
37、itionally thought of intelligence as something mysterious that can only exist in biological organisms, especially humans.But such an idea is unscientific.”人们认为这只存在科幻小说当中，可以推断，人们对人工智能的研 究者们的预测是怀疑的。故选 C。 13What does the author think of intelligence? AWe know little about it. BIt belongs to human being
38、s. CIt is too difficult to understand. DWe have nothing more to discover. A 推理判断题。根据第三段的“This suggests that weve only seen the tip of the intelligence iceberg and that there is an amazing potential to unlock the full intelligence that is potential in nature and use it to help humanity.”可知，作者认为我 们对人工
39、智能的了解只是冰山一角，从而推断出作者认为我们对此知之甚少。故 选 A。 14What does the underlined word “upside” in Paragraph 4 probably mean? ACost. BRisk. CQuantity. DAdvantage. D 词义猜测题。根据“Since everything we love about civilization is the product of intelligence, amplifying (扩大) our own intelligence with AI has the 8/16 potential
40、to solve tomorrows toughest problems.”及所举的事例和下文提及的是人 工智能的各种优点，可知，此句是本段的中心句，句意为“如果我们做对了，好 处是巨大的。”从而可推测出 upside 意思是“优势，好处”。故选 D。 15Whats important for us in the race between people and technology? ALearning from failure. BIncreasing our intelligence. CAvoiding making mistakes. DBeing more optimistic.
41、C 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“However, its an awful idea for more powerful technologies, such as nuclear weapons or superintelligent AI where even a single mistake is unacceptable and we need to get things right the first time.”可知， 对于一些高科技我们一次错误也不能犯，第一次就要把它做对，由此可推断出， 在人和科技的竞赛中，最重要的事情是避免犯错。故选 C。 .阅读七选五(共 5 小题； 每小题
42、 2.5 分， 满分 12.5 分) Celebrate! Pi atas In Mexico，children often get pi atas on their birthday.Their parents put chocolates and other sweets inside the pi ata and hang it on a tree.Then the children hit the pi ata with a stick. 16 Noodles In China, people often celebrate birthdays by eating with famil
43、y or friends, and the last dish of the meal is always noodles.The noodles are long and thin. 17 You cant cut them.In Chinese culture, long noodles mean you will have a long life. Business birthdays A business birthday shows that a company is successful.Many businesses in the USA celebrate important
44、birthdays, like 10, 50 or 150 years. 18 Sometimes they make TV advertisements.It is a good chance to advertise the business. Name days As well as a birthday, many people in Southern Europe also celebrate their name day. 19 People have big parties and open their houses to anybody who wants to come.Pe
45、ople bring small gifts, often flowers or a box of sweets. Islamic New Year 9/16 In Muslim countries across the world, people celebrate Eid.Eid means festival or celebration.During Eid, people visit family and friends, as well as people who are sick or in hospital. 20 Children receive toys, too.Child
46、ren often wear special traditional clothes during the Eid celebrations. AYou have to eat them in one piece. BThey go out for a meal to celebrate. CCompanies hold parties and send cards. DThey give presents, such as sweets and food. EIt breaks and the sweets fall out on to the ground. FThis is one of
47、 the two important festivals in this country. GIn Greece, name days are more important than birthdays. 【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了世界各地庆祝节日的不 同方式。 16 E 根据上文中的“put chocolates and other sweets inside the pi ata 和 the children hit the pi ata with a stick.”可知，孩子们用棍子敲打彩罐，彩罐里的糖果 就会落到地上。 17 A 根据该空后的“You cant cu
48、t them.”可知， 你必须将面条一整根吃下。 18C 根据上一句“Many businesses in the USA celebrate important birthdays，like 10，50 or 150 years.”可知，公司会举办舞会和发放卡片来庆祝公 司的诞辰。 19G 将命名日和生日作比较的 G 项内容正好和该空前一句“As well as a birthday.also celebrate their name day.”相呼应。 20D 根据上一句中的“people visit family and friends.”可知，D 项“他们 会赠送诸如糖果和食物类的礼物
49、”符合语境。 .完形填空(共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分) As Christmas is coming，there are presents to be bought，cards to be sent，and rooms to be cleaned.Parents are 21 with difficult jobs of hiding presents from 22 young children.If the gifts are large，this is sometimes a real problem.On Christmas Eve，young children f
50、ind the 23 almost unbearable.They are torn by the wish to stay up late so that they will not miss the fun.The wish for gifts usually 10/16 proves stronger.But though children go to bed early，they often lie 24 in bed for a long time，hoping to get a short 25 at Father Christmas. Last Christmas，my wife
