1、单元素养评估卷(二) 时间:100 分钟分数:120 分 第一部分阅读(共两节,满分 50 分) 第一节(共 15 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 37.5 分) 阅读下列短文,从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳 选项。 A Some students prefer a part-time job after class to earn some money and improve themselves. Here are some good companies: 1. In-N-Out Burger It is the best hamburger shop in the we
2、st of America. Regarded as one of the best employers, it offers flexible working hours and the highest part-time salaries. Above all, the company treats its employees the way they would like to be treated: like family. However, there is no discount offered to its employees. Position: selling assista
3、nt (experience required) 2. Starbucks Coffee Starbucks has been at the forefront( 前 沿 ) of the United States coffee revolution. Working hours are flexible. Fit twenty hours of work into your week. There is also a 30% discount and a free pound of coffee or box of tea every week. Position: assistant c
4、offee taster (experience required) 3. Whole Foods Market Whole Foods Market is the worlds largest natural and organic food selling company. With its focus on organic ingredients, Whole Foods Market is all about health. Working hours are free. Benefits include paid time off and a 20% discount so you
5、can eat like a king or at least like a top chef in training. There are also training courses on health and food every week. Position: secretary 4. LandsEnd Lands End is a Wisconsin-based clothes store that focuses on casual comfort and warmth for the great out- doors. Employees(even part-time employ
6、ees) have the chance to go to a company-owned entertainment centre and get a 25% discount on theme parks and movies, and an invitation to the yearly company picnic. Besides, for part-time employees, they can come to work anytime they like as long as they work for 4 hours a day. Position: salesperson
7、 1. Which company offers its employees the best discount? A. In-N-Out Burger.B. Starbucks Coffee. C. LandsEnd.D. Whole Foods Market. 解析解析:细节理解题。根据文章中细节理解题。根据文章中 StarbucksStarbucks CoffeeCoffee 部分的部分的“ThereThere isis alsoalso a a 30%30% discountdiscount andand a a freefree poundpound ofof coffeecoffe
8、e oror boxbox ofof teatea everyevery week.week.”可知可知, ,星巴克的折扣最优惠星巴克的折扣最优惠, ,故故 B B 选项正确。选项正确。 答案答案:B 2. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To explain what the best part-time job is. B. To persuade students to take part-time jobs. C. To introduce some part-time job opportunities. D. To compare di
9、fferent kinds of part-time jobs. 解析解析:主旨大意题主旨大意题。 通读全文可知通读全文可知, ,本文介绍了四份兼职工作本文介绍了四份兼职工作。 故选故选 C C。 答案答案:C 3. What do the four companies have in common? A. Related experience is required. B. Training courses are offered. C. Working hours are flexible. D. Employees can get high salaries. 解析解析:细节理解题。根据
10、文章中细节理解题。根据文章中 In-N-OutIn-N-Out BurgerBurger 部分的部分的“. itit offersoffers flexibleflexible workingworking hourshours .”,Starbucks,Starbucks CoffeeCoffee 部分的部分的 “WorkingWorking hourshours areare flexible.flexible.”,Whole,Whole FoodsFoods MarketMarket 部 分 的部 分 的 “WorkingWorking hourshours areare free.fr
11、ee.”, ,以及以及 LandsLands EndEnd 部分的部分的“. theythey cancan comecome toto workwork anytimeanytime .”可知这四家公司都提供灵活的工作时间可知这四家公司都提供灵活的工作时间, , 故故 C C 项正确。项正确。 答案答案:C B It isnt easy being a princess. A princess addresses large crowds and uses perfect manners. A princess must always be polite and sweet and some
12、times repairs car engines and fixes tires. Princess Elizabeth really did so. Before she was the Queen of England, Princess Elizabeth wanted to join the ATS, a female branch of the British military. It was in World War that women worked at jobs traditionally held by men. Elizabeth was a teenager and
13、first had to convince(使信服) her parents of her plan. Her parents thought it was too dangerous, but she would not take no for an answer. “I ought to do as other girls of my age do,” she said firmly. After some months, her parents finally agreed. Princess Elizabeth did not receive any special treatment
14、 in the ATS. The only thing that was different was that she returned to Windsor Castle each night to sleep. When she arrived at the ATS camp for her first day of training, she was greeted by a jacked-up car with its wheels off. In the following weeks, she learned to take apart an engine and then ass
15、emble(组装) it. The princess loved the training, admitting, “Im a mechanic at last. Ive scraped the skin off my knuckles.” Princess Elizabeth worked on cars, trucks, and even tank engines. She also learned to read maps and drive cars, ambulances, and military trucks. To complete her ATS training, she
16、was required to drive a big truck on her own. The King and Queen thought driving a truck was too dangerous, but before they could let her know how they felt, they discovered Elizabeth driving a truck onto the palace grounds. She had driven from the ATS camp through the busy London streets all by her
17、self. Now at her old age, she still drivessometimes in London but more often around her large property at Balmoral Castle in Scotland. Being a queen requires a lot of hard work, but it can be fun as well. Queen Elizabeth loves horses and still rides four times each week. She still likes to get a lit
18、tle dirty. She actively manages her estate farm at Balmoral and is often seen hiking through the countryside there. 4. Why was Elizabeth such a special princess? A. Because she did many jobs always done by men. B. Because she joined the army. C. Because she was sent abroad to fight against the enemy
19、. D. Because she liked to repair some broken cars and trucks. 解析解析:细节理解题细节理解题。 从第一从第一、 第二段的内容可知第二段的内容可知, ,伊丽莎白公主当过兵伊丽莎白公主当过兵, , 参加过参加过 ATS,ATS,这是她特殊的地方。故选这是她特殊的地方。故选 B B 项。项。 答案答案:B 5.At theATS camp, Elizabeth. A. spent one of the happiest moments in her life B. received strict training in various a
20、spects C. failed to complete her training D. was trained for a long time as an excellent princess 解析解析:细节理解题。从第四段中的细节理解题。从第四段中的“InIn thethe followingfollowing weeks,weeks, sheshe learnedlearned toto taketake apartapart anan engineengine andand thenthen assembleassemble it.it.” “I Iveve scrapedscrape
21、d thethe skinskin offoff mymy knuckles.knuckles.”和第五段中的和第五段中的“SheShe alsoalso learnedlearned toto readread mapsmaps . onon herher own.own.”可知可知, ,在军营里在军营里, ,伊丽莎白伊丽莎白 不仅在机械方面不仅在机械方面, ,而且在其他方面都受到严格的训练。故选而且在其他方面都受到严格的训练。故选 B B 项。项。 答案答案:B 6. What do we know about Elizabeth from the last paragraph? A. S
22、he does a lot of hard work on her own farm. B. She finds it difficult to become a qualified queen. C. She has some difficulty in managing her spare time. D. She leads a meaningful life even if she is at an old age. 解析解析:细节理解题。从最后一段的内容可知细节理解题。从最后一段的内容可知, ,尽管伊丽莎白已经年老尽管伊丽莎白已经年老, , 但她仍然开车但她仍然开车、骑马骑马、经营农
23、场经营农场, ,她的生活很有意义她的生活很有意义, ,也很充实也很充实。故故选选 D D 项。项。 答案答案:D 7. Which of the following words can best describe Elizabeth? A. Energetic, homesick and capable. B. Confident, lovely and selfish. C. Brave, capable and independent. D. Strong, proud and adventurous. 解析解析:推理判断题。从参军这件事可以看出伊丽莎白勇敢且有主见推理判断题。从参军这件事
24、可以看出伊丽莎白勇敢且有主见, , 从在军队受训时的表现可以看出她很能干。故选从在军队受训时的表现可以看出她很能干。故选 C C 项。项。 答案答案:C C Almost every second of every day an older adult falls in the United States. Thats approximately 29 million falls per year and nearly 27,000 deaths, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The Active P
25、elvis Orthosis (APO) system in Switzerland wants to make a lightweight, wearable exoskeleton(外骨骼) that can detect signs of balance loss and assist with balance recovery to keep the elderly wearer from falling, only when needed. Other exoskeletons, either in development or on the market today, assist
26、 with movement and make heavy objects feel lighter. Mobility- impaired people can walk again. But none of these devices predict what the wearer is going to do next and take measures to correct an unsteady move. The 3-kilogramme exoskeleton was built entirely from scratch by the research team and is
27、designed to be worn on the lower half of the body. A waistband connects to two movable carbon fiber braces(支架), each one positioned on the outer side of a leg. Tiny motors and so-called “adaptive oscillators”(适配振荡器) in the computer circuits use a special process to detect the wearers unique paces. T
28、hat part takes just a few minutes. While wearing the exoskeleton, a person may feel the braces and the motors pushing slightly on their legs. If their paces go against normal, the motors create a force in the braces that cause them to stiffen up and push a little more strongly against the legs, whic
29、h provides stability. In the next three years, the APO hopes to develop something that is commercially available. 8. Why is the new exoskeleton invented? A. To slower userswalking paces. B. To improve userswalking ability. C. To promote userssense of balance. D. To prevent users from falling. 解析解析:细
30、节理解题。根据第二段的细节理解题。根据第二段的“. toto makemake a a lightweight,lightweight, wearablewearable exoskeletonexoskeleton thatthat cancan detectdetect signssigns ofof balancebalance lossloss andand assistassist withwith balancebalance recoveryrecovery toto keepkeep thethe elderlyelderly wearerwearer fromfrom fal
31、ling,falling, onlyonly whenwhen needed.needed.”可知可知,APO,APO 系统想制作一个轻量级、可系统想制作一个轻量级、可 穿戴的外骨骼来防止老年佩戴者摔倒穿戴的外骨骼来防止老年佩戴者摔倒, ,故故 D D 项符合题意。项符合题意。 答案答案:D 9. Whats the feature of the new exoskeleton? A. It keeps users warm.B. It is worn on the back. C. It helps users move around.D. It corrects an unsteady m
32、ove. 解析解析:细节理解题。根据第三段的细节理解题。根据第三段的“ButBut nonenone ofof thesethese devicesdevices predictpredict whatwhat thethe wearerwearer isis goinggoing toto dodo nextnext andand taketake measuresmeasures toto correctcorrect anan unsteadyunsteady move.move.”可知可知, ,目前的一些设备都无法预测佩目前的一些设备都无法预测佩 戴者下一步会做什么戴者下一步会做什么,
33、 ,也无法采取措施纠正不稳定的移动也无法采取措施纠正不稳定的移动, ,故故 D D 项符项符 合题意。合题意。 答案答案:D 10. What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about? A. How the new exoskeleton works. B. Where the braces are positioned. C. How long it takes to detect the users paces. D. How the new exoskeleton was built. 解析解析:段落大意题段落大意题。 通读第四段可知通读第四段可知, ,本段
34、主要讲述的是这种新设备是本段主要讲述的是这种新设备是 如何工作的如何工作的, ,故故 A A 项正确。项正确。 答案答案:A 11. What is the purpose of the author in writing this passage? A. To call on care for the elderly. B. To introduce a new invention. C. To advertise a new device. D. To bring the elderly hope. 解析解析:主旨大意题主旨大意题。 文章主要介绍了一款新设备文章主要介绍了一款新设备, ,它
35、能够预测佩戴者下它能够预测佩戴者下 一步会做什么一步会做什么, ,同时采取措施纠正不稳定的移动来防止老年佩戴者摔同时采取措施纠正不稳定的移动来防止老年佩戴者摔 倒。故倒。故 B B 选项正确。选项正确。 答案答案:B D We live in a world where we want everything instantly. In this instant world it is hard to succeed in anything. To achieve your goal you first have to change your life from instantly to per
36、sistently(坚持地). Persistence is the course you need to set. When you change your expectancy from instantly to persistently you will gain an advantage of time that many do not have. Time works against those who live instantly. Opportunities are never seen because when something doesnt happen instantly
37、 people move on to the next thing on their list and consider the current goal a failure. Persistent people have the advantage of time. It allows them to step back, observe and assess the progress of the goal they are pursuing(追求). Some things take longer to develop; some just need to be left there f
38、or a while to find their own way. When you live instantly you gain and lose instantly. Many times you do not know how you got there or how to get back because it is not repeatable. When you live persistently you learn how things work, how to correct a plan and how to guide it to make it successful.
39、You do not panic because you know you have more than enough time. Slow down and take time to enjoy the journey. If what you are doing is not fun then stop doing it and do something else. Everything you do should be in pursuit of a better tomorrow than you had yesterday. You should take time to devel
40、op your abilities to reach your goals. Do not get discouraged just because your success is not instant. Celebrate each step along the way. People who live instantly dont take time to appreciate what they have accomplished. They are just looking for the next thing that they can get instantly. You mus
41、t be grateful for the time it takes to reach your goal. Persistence will get you there if you really want to get there. 12. Why will people who want things instantly fail in many things? A. They want greater efficiency. B. They dont stick to their goal. C. They often change their lifestyle. D. They
42、tend to pursue a higher target. 解析解析:细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“OpportunitiesOpportunities areare nevernever seenseen becausebecause whenwhen somethingsomething doesndoesnt t happenhappen instantlyinstantly peoplepeople movemove onon toto thethe nextnext thingthing”可以推断出那些想马上就成功可以推断出那些想马上就成功
43、 的人太急于求成的人太急于求成, ,对自己的目标不坚持对自己的目标不坚持, ,自然难以成功。故选自然难以成功。故选 B B。 答案答案:B 13. What is the main advantage persistent people have over instant people? A. The willpower.B.Atarget.C.Aplan.D.An opportunity. 解析解析:推理判断题。第二段讲到那些想要马上成功的人看到事情没有推理判断题。第二段讲到那些想要马上成功的人看到事情没有 马上发生就立刻转到另外一件事情上去了马上发生就立刻转到另外一件事情上去了, ,他们缺
44、少对目标的坚持他们缺少对目标的坚持, , 而那些坚持不懈的人的主要优点在于他们的坚持和毅力。故选而那些坚持不懈的人的主要优点在于他们的坚持和毅力。故选 A A。 答案答案:A 14.According to the passage, persistent people. A. focus more on the result B. work slower than instant people C. will get rewarded for their efforts D. look for the next thing to do immediately when finishing on
45、e target 解析解析:细节理解题。根据最后一段中的细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“PersistencePersistence willwill getget youyou therethere ifif youyou reallyreally wantwant toto getget there.there.”可知可知, ,坚持不懈的人会坚持不懈的人会 成功成功, ,他们所付出的时间和努力最终会得到回报。故选他们所付出的时间和努力最终会得到回报。故选 C C。 答案答案:C 15. What is the writers main purpose of writing the passa
46、ge? A. To blame those who live instantly. B. To persuade people to live happily. C. To praise those who have succeeded. D. To suggest learning the art ofpersistence. 解析解析:主旨大意题。文章主要论述了想马上就成功的人的失败而坚持主旨大意题。文章主要论述了想马上就成功的人的失败而坚持 不懈的人的成功不懈的人的成功, ,从中可以看出作者是建议我们要学会坚持这门艺从中可以看出作者是建议我们要学会坚持这门艺 术。故选术。故选 D D。
47、答案答案:D 第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2.5 分,满分 12.5 分) 根据下面短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最 佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 While it is important to maintain good habits, it is equally important to learn how to break bad habits if you want to achieve success in life. Here are some tips to get you to start. The first step in breaking bad
48、habits is to identify them. Only after identifying them can you decide to do something about them.16 For example, you may ask yourself, “Is the habit holding me back from achieving my goal? Does the habit make me feel good or bad?” 17Then you may listen to the things that people say about you. Are p
49、eople saying the same negative things about you? Its easy to become defensive when someone says something about us we dont like, and lets face it.18Once you have identified your bad habits, its time to break them. First, you should introduce something new and meaningful in your life to replace the b
50、ad habits.19If you hung around at the bars after work, replace it by going to the gym instead. Or if you sat and watched TV for hours, you may work on a task that needs to be done. 20Write down the efforts you make to change them, and also the results of your actions. And write down how you feel whe
