（新教材）北师大版（2019版）高中英语必修三核心知识点讲解（全册3份打包）.zip

高中北师大高中北师大 2019 版英语版英语必修三必修三 Unit 7 ART 【NOTES ON THE TEXTS】 Topic Talk All artists must be half-poet,half-craftsman. 凡是艺术家都须有一半是诗人，一半是匠人。 -朱光潜谈美 Lesson l In his diary, Munch talked about what inspired him. “ I was walking down the road with two friends when the sun set; suddenly the sky turned as red as blood. I stood there shaking.” 蒙克在他的日记中谈到了灵感的来源， “太阳落山时，我和两个朋友一起走在路 上；天空突然变得像血一样红.我站在那里颤抖.” 1 set n. 集合，布景，装置，一套 V. 树立，点燃 a. 固定的，规定的 set up 建立；装配；开业；树立 set out 出发；开始；陈述（书面用词） set off v. 出发，引起，动身， ；使爆炸；抵消；分开 all set 准备就绪，都安排好了 Eg：Then confirm your selection and youre all set. 最后再确认你的选择，就完成了。 He set off once more in spite of his friends attempts to dissuade him. 他不顾朋友们的劝阻，再次启程远航。 In the chilly autumn wind, the soldiers set out with a mettlesome and handsome bearing. 秋风飒飒中，战士们英姿勃发地出发了。 Police have set up a roadblock on the road to London. 警察在通往伦敦地路上设置了路障。 2 as (adv.) .as (prep.) . 与.一样 as far as adv. 至于，直到，就.而言 as soon as 一. 就 as good as 和.几乎一样；实际上就等于 Eg：Youve made as many mistakes as I have. They will arrive at nine, as far as we know. Lesson 3 The theatres musical director, Michael Umlauf, joined him and together the two men took charge of the orchestra. 剧院音乐指挥迈克尔.奥姆洛夫也走上台和他一起指挥乐队。 take charge of 主管，负责；掌管 in charge (of) 负责，主管 Eg: To become a successful person, we must be able to take charge of ourselves. 要成为成功人士，我们必须能够掌控自己。 Who is in charge of the administration of your company? 你们公司地行政工作由谁负责？ 1. For the past few months, we have been interviewing and filming young players about their interest in basketball. have been doing 现在完成进行时，表示从过去一直持续到现在地动作，这 个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能还要继续下去。 Eg：I have been learning swimming for a few months. 过去几个月我一直在学游泳。 2. I wonder if you could also give me more information about how to apply to be part of this festival. apply to 申请，提出请求 Eg：Weve applied to the committee for approval. 我们已经向委员会提出申请。 【GRAMMAR】 名词性从句名词性从句-Noun Clauses 1. 概念：在复合句中起名词作用的句子叫做名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相 当于名词（词组），在复合句中可做主语，宾语，表语，同位语。根据其在句 子中所充当的成分，名词性从句可分为主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句和同位 语从句。 2. 引导词： that; whether/ if; 3 What/ who/ which/ where/ when/ why/ how long/ much/ many.; 4 as/ as if/ as though etc. 3. 名词性从句类型 A. 主语从句主语从句 1. 主语从句在复合句作主语。 e.g. Who will go is not important. 2. 用 it 作形式主语，主语从句放在句末。 e.g. It doesnt matter so much whether you will come or not. 3. that 引导主语从句时，不能省略。 e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised. B. 表语从句表语从句 1. 表语从句在复合句中作表语，位于系动词之后。 e.g. The question was who could go there. 2. 引导表语从句的连接词 that 有时可省去。 e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work. C. 宾语从句宾语从句 1. 宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。引导宾语从句的连词 that 一般可省略。 e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right. 2. 介词之后的宾语从句，不可用 which 或 if 连接，要分别用 what 或 whether 。 e.g. Im interested in whether youve finished the work. Im interested in what youve said. 2. whether 与 if 都可以引导宾语从句，常可互换。但下面情况不能互换。 宾语从句是否定句时，只用 if, 不用 whether 。 e.g. I wonder if it doesnt rain. 用 if 会引起误解，就要用 whether 。 e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go. （此句如果把 whether 改成 if ， 容易当成条件句理解） 宾语从句中的 whether 与 or not 直接连用，就不能换成 if ；不直接连用， 可换。 e.g. I dont know whether or not the report is true. I dont know whether/ if the report is true or not. 介词后的宾语从句要用 whether 引导。 whether 可与不定式连用。 whether 也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句，还可引导让步状语从句， 以上均不能换成 if 。但引导条件从句时，只能用 if ，而不能用 whether 。 e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time. They dont know whether to go there. Please come to see me if you have time. D. 同位语从句同位语从句 同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语，一般位于该名词（如：news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise 等）之后，说明该名词的具体内容。 e.g. I have no idea when he will be back. The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody. 【练习】 一、判断下列各句哪句含有名词性从句，并指出是什么从句： 1. China is no longer what it used to be. 2. The truth that the earth turn around the sun is known to all. 3. It was snowing when he arrived at the station. 4. How he persuaded the manager to change the plan is interesting to us all. 5. The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school. 6. The news that you told me yesterday was really disappointing. 7. That is where Lu Xun used to live. 8. He spoke as if he understood what he was talking about. 9. Do you remember the teacher who taught us English at middle school? 10. I wonder why she refused my invitation. 二、用适当的连词填空： 1. I cant decide _ dictionary I should buy. 2. Thats _ he refused my invitation. 3. I am very interested in _ he has improved his pronunciation in such a short time. 4. _ we need is more time. 5. The fact _ she had not said anything at the meeting surprised everybody. 6. _ and _ they will meet has not been decided yet. 7. Please tell me _ you are waiting for. 8. Is that _ you are looking for? 9. Would you please tell me _ the nearest post office is? 10. I dont know _ he will agree to the plan or not. 【参考答案】 一、 1 、表语从句； 2 、同位语从句； 3 、不是； 4 、主语从句； 5 、同 位语从句； 6 、不是； 7 、表语从句； 8 、宾语从句； 9 、不是； 10 、 宾语从句 二、 1. which; 2. why; 3. how; 4. What; 5. that; 6. when, where; 7. who(m); 8. what; 9. where; 10. whether 高中北师大高中北师大 2019 版英语版英语必修三必修三 Unit 8 GREEN LIVING 【NOTES ON THE TEXTS】 Topic Talk 1. green living 绿色生活 2. Living things that are nourished will not injure one another; roads that run parallel will not interfere with one another. 万物并育而不相害，道并行而不相悖。 -礼记中庸 Lesson l 1. Well, say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth, leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and cant be bothered to pick it up. leave sth.(sb.) doing 让.处于（某种状态） 。 Eg：Dont leave your children playing with fire. litter n. 垃圾，废弃物；杂乱，凌乱；一窝 v. 乱丢杂物 近义词：rubbish 垃圾，废物，废话；adj. 毫无价值的, garbage 垃圾，废物（主要指有机废料）, trash 垃圾，废物；vt. 修剪树枝，丢弃 be bothered to do sth. 费心做某事；懒得做某事 cant be bothered 不想出力，不愿找麻烦 bother with 为.而费心/操心；用.打扰 Eg: You cant be bothered to revise. 你甚至懒得花力气复习 Eg：She didnt want to bother with anything unpleasant now. 她现在跟本不想在令人不愉快的事情上费心思。 Eg：I should be revising, but I just cant be bothered. 我本该复习的，但我就是不想做这件事。 2. In addition to her research, she has been whole-heartedly committed to environment protection. 除了自己的科研，他还全身心的投入环保事业。 In addition to 除.之外（还） ； whats more In addition 此外，另外 Eg：In addition to my weekly wage, I got a lot of tips. 除了每周的薪水外，我还得到不少的小费。 eg：There is, in addition, one further point to make. 此外还有一点要说。 Lesson 2 1. NPO none-profit organization 非营利组织 2. Why did she set up such an organization and what is it for? set up 建立，设立，开始 build，construct，establish set up for 自以为，自命为，为.做准备 Eg：The two sides agreed to set up a commission to investigate claims. 双方同意组建一个委员会来调查那些索赔要求。 Eg：I have got everything set up for her. 我已经为她准备好了一切。 Lesson 3 1. In the 1960s, a group of cycling fans came up with an idea. come up with 提出，想出（主意、答案等） Eg：He came up with the idea on his way home. Several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own. 有几位成 员提出了自己的建议。 2. Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people, like the cycling fans of the 1960s. thanks to 由于，因为；归功于 （突出一种感激之情） due to (书面语） ，侧重于“起因于” owing to 由于，因为；归功于。 可以和 due to 进行互换 Eg: Owing to the rain, the match was canceled. His failure is largely due to timidity. 他的失败主要是由于胆小。 3. Last August, city officials interviewed about 500 residents to find out peoples attitudes to protecting the environment and what actions they had taken. take action to do sth. 采取行动做某事 Eg：we should take action to protect the newly developed technology. 【GRAMMAR】 -ing / -ed 形式的动词（分词）非谓语动词非谓语动词 分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种，现在分词通常暗含有主动和进行主动和进行两个概 念；过去分词通常暗含有被动和完成被动和完成两个概念。 1. 构成： 现在分词-动词原形+ing 过去分词-动词原形+ed 2. 成分：表语，定语，状语和宾语补足语 作表语作表语 分词作表语通常表示主语所具有的特征。分词作表语通常表示主语所具有的特征。 Eg：The movie we saw yesterday was really moving. They were very excited on hearing the news. 作定语作定语 分词前置分词前置 Eg：an understanding man A developing country Smoked fish A developed country 分词后置相当于定语从句的省略，但要注意不是所有的定语从句都能用分词分词后置相当于定语从句的省略，但要注意不是所有的定语从句都能用分词 代替，关键在于定语从句的时态。代替，关键在于定语从句的时态。 Eg： The girl sitting in that corner is a good singer. The proposal made by him will be discussed. 注意：过去分词作定语含有被动和完成的概念，即分词的动作发生在谓语动词注意：过去分词作定语含有被动和完成的概念，即分词的动作发生在谓语动词 的动作之前，因此不是所有被动语态的定语从句都可省略成过去分词；的动作之前，因此不是所有被动语态的定语从句都可省略成过去分词； eg：Do you know the name of the book which will be written by our teacher？ 作状语作状语 分词作状语实际上就是一个并列句或状语从句的省略，并对句子稍作改动。分词作状语实际上就是一个并列句或状语从句的省略，并对句子稍作改动。 Eg：Being a clever boy，he studies very well.= (As a clever boy, he studies very well.) 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语 感官动词或感觉动词感官动词或感觉动词 hear，see，watch，observe 等词后可用现在分词作等词后可用现在分词作 宾补。宾补。 另外另外 catch，discover，find，get，have 等动词后可用现在分词作宾补。等动词后可用现在分词作宾补。 Eg：I heard someone knocking at the door.（我听到有人正在敲门。强调进行）（我听到有人正在敲门。强调进行） I heard someone knock at the door. （强调有这么回事）（强调有这么回事） She caught me smoking again. He had the light burning all night. 3. 分词的时态和语态分词的时态和语态 【练习练习】 1. He told me about the things at the meeting (discuss) 2. A metal uranium gives off a kind of radiation (call) 3. The water in this glass is too hot I prefer some cold water (boil) 4. The problem just is an important one (refer to) 5. The story was so that all of us were to tears (move) 6. When I entered the theatre, I saw him in the first row (seat) 7. I found my daughter quite in drawing (interest) 8. He had his leg in the football match yesterday (break) 9. If you have a book in front of your face, you can feel the air against your face (move) 10. With the job , they went to the cinema (do) 11. With the boy the way, the soldiers managed to walk through the forest (lead) 12. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word (speak) 13. She was very glad to see her child well (take care of) 14. The boy went to the ball, like a pretty girl.(dress) 15. in a white uniform, he looks more like a cook than a doctor.(dress) 16. The film was made on a true old story.(base) 17. When ,the museum will be open to the public next year.(complete) 18. to his research, he almost forgot everything.(devote) 19. his attention on his novel, he didnt notice the teacher coming.(fix) 20. on his novel, he didnt notice the teacher coming.(fix) 21. The old engineer talked of the difficulty they the tower.(build) 22. such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river.(suffer) 23. the past, our life is becoming much better.(compare with) 24. The boy was last seen near the East Lake.(play) 25. Tom was very unhappy for to the party.(invite) 26. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door “Sorry to miss you; will call later.” (read) 27. We went to see him yesterday evening, him away.(find) 28. of plastics, the machines are easy to carry.(make) 答案： 1. discussed 2.called 3.boiled 4. refferred to 6.seated 7. interested 8 broken 9 moving 10 done 11 leading 12 spoken 13 taken care of 答案 : 1 dressed 2. Dressed 3 based 4 completed 5 Devoted 6 Fixing 7 Fixed 8 had building 9 Having suffered 10 Compared with 11 playing 12 not having been invited 13 reading 14 only to find 15 Made 高中北师大高中北师大 2019 版英语版英语必修三必修三 Unit 9 LEARNING 【NOTES ON THE TEXTS】 Topic Talk He who learns but does not think is lost. He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger. 学而不思则罔，思而不学则殆。 -论语为政 Lesson l 1. I suggest doing five things to take an active role in your learning. suggest doing sth. 建议做某事 advise / suggest sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 Eg：She is willing to do what you suggest doing. 她乐意做你提议的事。 2. .you might end up agreeing with the speaker/writer after all. 最终，也许你会同意说话者或者作者的观点。 end up doing 最后，最终；以.而告终 end up 结束，死亡 come to an end v. 结束 Eg：Policy makers will probably end up doing this. If she carries on shoplifting, shell end up in jail. 她如果还继续偷东西的话，最终会被抓进监狱。 The holiday was coming to an end. 假期要结束了。 3. They attempt to find the truth at the heart of each idea. 他们努力从每个观点最核心的地方寻找真相。 attempt to do sth. 努力尝试做某事 Eg：What would you attempt to do if you knew you might fail? 假如你知道自己可能会失败，你会如何做？ 4. Even when an idea sounds entirely unlikely, there may be an aspect of it that is based on truth. Sound 连系动词（感官动词） ，smell， feel 和 taste 等这类感官动词是联系动词， 后面跟形容词。 5. It is true that we cannot help disliking some people-this is human nature, after all. cannot help doing sth. 忍不住做某事 Eg：when we listen to the crosstalk, we cannot help laughing. 听相声时，我们会情不自禁地笑出来。 Lesson 2 1. A lot of the time, youll be able to guess the meaning of an unfamiliar word without looking it up. look up 查阅；仰望，尊敬，拜访 look into 观察，窥视，浏览 look out 注意，照料；面朝 Eg：I have looked it up in the encyclopedia. I looked into the problem without jaundice of any kind. 我研究这个问题不带一丝偏见。 I stood looking out on the frosted garden. 我站着观望外面白霜覆盖的花园。 2. The more you listen, the easier it is to catch on. 1 the more.the more. 越.越. Eg：The more she learns, the more she wants to learn. 她越学越想学。 catch on 理解，明白；变得流行 catch up on (sth.) 补上某事，赶上; 得到.消息 Eg：Would you mind repeating that? I didnt quite catch on. 请再说一遍好吗？我没听懂。 Theyll have their iPhones or their e-readers to catch up on news with. 3. Apart from pronunciation, we use different words for describing the same things. apart from 除了.之外 Eg：Apart from Liu Qiang, there is no one in the classroom. 4. Getting to know the secrets of our memory means learning not only the facts about it, but also the ways to improve it. not only.but also. 不仅.而且. Eg: Not only is the teacher himself interested in foreign films, but also all his students are beginning to show an interest in them. 不仅是老师自己对外国电影感兴趣，就连他的所有学生也开始对外国电影感兴 趣。 【GRAMMAR】 -接动词接动词-ing 或不定式的动词或不定式的动词 1只接动词只接动词-ing 的动词的动词 承认 喜欢 别 放弃 ， 允许 错过 莫 介意 。 admit enjoy give up allow/permit miss mind 逃亡 冒险 可 避免 ， 禁止 想象 需 考虑 。 Escape risk avoid forbid/prohibit imagine/fancy consider 推迟 防止 或 停止 ， 报告 否认 应 提及 。 delay/put off prevent stop report deny mention 厌恶 也 感激 ， 完成 靠 建议 。 dislike appreciate finish advise/suggest 原谅 容忍 与 理解 ， forgive/excuse/pardon bear/stand understand 忍不住 要 持续 练习 。 can t help keep(on) practice 2只接不定式的动词只接不定式的动词 afford(负担得起), agree(同意), apply(申请), arrange(安排), ask(要求), care(想要), choose(决定), decide(决定), demand(要求), determine(决心), expect(期待), help(帮 助), hope(希望), manage(设法), offer(主动提出), plan(计划), prepare(准备), pretend(假装), promise(答应), refuse(拒绝), want(想要), wish(希望)等