1、UNIT 2LOOKING INTO THE FUTURE 背景导学 未来的人类将会是什么样子呢?如果我们对某项身体功能使用较多,那么我们可能就会 进一步发展该项身体功能。如果我们较少使用某种身体功能,那么这种身体功能就有可能退 化。但是,尽管发生了这些变化,未来的人类仍然是人,有着和我们一样的思想和情感。 What will man be like in the futurein 5,000 or even 50,000 years from now? We can only make a guess, of course, but we can be sure that he will b
2、e different from what he is today, for man is slowly changing all the time. Let us take an obvious example. Man, even five hundred years ago, was shorter than he is today. Now, on average, men are about three inches taller. Five hundred years is a relatively short period of time, so we may assume th
3、at man will continue to grow taller. Again, in the modern world we use our brains a great deal. Even so, we still make use of only about 20% of the brains capacity. As time goes on, however, we shall have to use our brains more and more, and eventually we shall need larger ones! This is likely to br
4、ing about a physical change too: the head, in particular the forehead, will grow larger. Nowadays our eyes are in constant use. In fact, we use them so much that very often they become weaker and we have to wear glasses. But over a very long period of time it is likely that mans eyes will grow stron
5、ger. On the other hand, we tend to make less use of our arms and legs. These, as a result, are likely to grow weaker. At the same time, however, our fingers will grow more sensitive because they are used a great deal in modern life. But what about hair? This will probably disappear from the body alt
6、ogether in the course of time because it does not serve a useful purpose any longer. In the future, then, both sexes are likely to be bald (秃顶的). Perhaps all these give the impression that future man will not be a very attractive creature to look at! This may well be true. In spite of all these chan
7、ges, future man will still have a lot in common with us. He will still be a human being, with thoughts and emotions similar to our own. 【译文】 从现在起 5,000年甚至 50,000 年后的未来里,人类会是什么样子呢?当然,我们只能猜测, 但我们可以肯定,他将不同于今天的他,因为人类一直在慢慢地变化着。 让我们举一个明显的例子,人类,甚至只是在 500年前,比今天矮。现在,人类平均身高高 了约 3英寸。五百年是相对较短的一段时间,所以我们可以假设人类会继续
8、长高。此外,在 现代社会,我们经常使用大脑。即使这样,我们仍然只能利用约 20%的大脑容量。然而,随着 时间的推移,我们将不得不越来越多地使用我们的大脑,最终我们将需要更大的大脑!这也可 能带来身体上的变化:头部,特别是前额,会变得更大。 现在我们经常使用眼睛。事实上,我们使用它们太多以至于它们变得越来越弱,我们不 得不戴眼镜。但在很长一段时间内,人类的眼睛很可能会变得更强大。 另一方面,我们往往很少使用胳膊和腿。因此,这些器官可能会变得更加虚弱。但与此 同时,我们的手指会变得更加敏感,因为它们在现代生活中被大量使用。 但是头发呢?随着时间的推移,它可能会从身体上完全消失,因为它不再有用处。那
9、么,在 未来,男女都有可能秃顶。 也许这一切给人留下的印象是:未来的人类将不会是一种看上去非常有吸引力的生物! 这很可能是真的。尽管有这些变化,未来的人类仍将与我们有许多共同之处。他仍将是一个 人,所拥有的思想和情感与我们相似。 Section Reading and Thinking .课标单词 1.单词拼写 knob/nb/n.旋钮;球形把手 appliance/plans/n.电器;器具 sensor/sens(r)/n.传感器;敏感元件 command/kmnd/n.指令;命令;控制 vt.命令;控制 electrical/lektrkl/adj.电的;用电的 2.根据英文释义选词填空
10、 routinestructureremoteobeyleakpersuade structure:the way in which the parts of sth. are connected together, arranged or organized; a particular arrangement of parts remote:far away from places where other people live routine:the normal order and way in which you regularly do things obey:to do what
11、you are told or expected to do persuade:to make sb. do sth. by giving them good reasons for doing it leak:to allow liquid or gas to get in or out through a small hole or crack 3.词汇拓展 distant/dstnt/adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的distance/dstns/n.距离;遥远 secure/skj(r)/adj.安全的;安心的;可靠的;牢固的 vt.获得;拴牢;保护 security/skjr
12、ti/n.安全;保证 automatic/tmtk/adj.自动的automatically/tmtkli/adv.自动地;无意识地 integrated/ntretd/adj.各部分密切协调的;综合的integrate/ntgret/vi. 成为一体 efficient/fnt/adj.效率高的;有功效的efficiently/fntli/adv.有效地;效率高地 preference/prefrns/n.爱好;偏爱prefer/prf(r)/vt. 更喜欢 instant/nstnt/n.瞬间;片刻 adj.立即的;速食的;速溶的instantly/nstntli/adv.立即;立刻 wa
13、rning/wn/n.警告;警示;先兆warn/wn/vt.提醒注意(可能发生的事) critical/krtkl/adj.严重的;关键的;批判性的criticize/krtsaz/vt.批评;批判 potentially/ptenli/adv.潜在地;可能地potential/ptenl/adj.可能的;潜在的 n.潜力;可能 性 wiring/war/n.电线线路;线路系统wire/wa(r)/n.电线;金属丝(或线) vt.接通电源; 将连接到 relevant/relvnt/adj.有关的;有意义的relevance/relvns/n.重要性;意义;相关性 .情境词块 1.in one
14、s opinion 依某人之见 2.look after 照看;照顾 3.switch off/on 关闭/打开 4.in the future 将来 5.just about 几乎,差不多 6.be ready for 预备好;准备好 7.respond to.回应 8.in addition 除之外;另外 9.keep track of了解的动态 10.as well 也;和 11.prevent.from.阻止免受 12.catch fire 着火 13.in this sense在这种意义上 14.fill in 填写 15.in this way 用这个方法 16.for examp
15、le 例如 17.as to至于;关于 .情境佳句 1. 句型公式keep +宾语+宾语补足语 教材原句 These smart homes will keep us secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment to live in. 尝试翻译 这些智能居室将确保我们的安全,节省我们的能源,并提供一个更加舒适的居住环 境。 2. 句型公式the instant.引导时间状语从句,一就 教材原句 Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door
16、along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 尝试翻译 你一进门,灯就会亮起来,还有你最喜欢的音乐或电视节目(会自动播放),并且你会发 现晚餐已经为你准备好了。 3. 句型公式or或者,表并列 教材原句 They can warn you early on if there is something abnormal or if you have a critical illness, such as cancer, and po
17、tentially save your life. 尝试翻译 如果有什么不正常的事情,或者你得了像癌症之类的重病,它们会提前提醒你,并有可 能挽救你的生命。 4. 句型公式so that.引导结果状语从句;making.现在分词短语作结果状语 教材原句 For example, the smart home could control the air conditioning and lights so that you would no longer have to turn switches on and off, making your home more energy- efficie
18、nt. 尝试翻译 例如,智能居室可以控制空调和灯,所以你就不必再打开和关闭开关了,这使你的家更 节能。 5. 句型公式as 引导方式状语从句 教材原句 The smart home could also monitor itself to make sure that everything is working as it should, and send you warning if there is a problem. 尝试翻译 智能居室还可以自我监控,以确保一切按照应该的样子工作,并在有问题时向您发出 警告。 .文本理解 Step 1Reading for the main idea
19、What is the main idea of the text? A.People like to live in smart homes. B.Smart homes can provide more convenient life. C.Smart homes can benefit all the people. D.People like to live in the homes as they are. 答案B Step 2Reading for the structure Fill in the following blanks with proper words. SMART
20、 HOMES TO MAKE LIFE EASIER These smart homes will keep us 1.secure, save us energy, and provide a more comfortable environment 2.to live in. People dont have to worry about anything happening at home in the future. Intelligent Controls In the future, we will be using 3.advanced technology every day
21、for automatic control of just 4.about everything in our home. Regular Health Checks Your smart home will be 5.monitoring your health for you every day. No More Disasters Smart homes will be able to 6.prevent serious damage from accidents. Step 3Reading for the details Choose the best answer accordin
22、g to the text. 1.What will happen if you live at a smart home? A.Sleeping too fast. B.Waking all the night. C.Worrying about nothing. D.Stopping being stolen. 答案C 2.Why does the author write this article? A.People dont believe smart homes. B.Smart homes wont come true forever. C.Smart homes are too
23、expensive. D.To tell people what will happen in the future. 答案D 确定目的和读者 文章中使用的短语类型有助于确定文章的目的。例如,“在我看来”这个短语告诉我们这 篇文章很可能是为了说服读者。使用祈使句的文本很可能是用来指导说明的。一篇文章的 内容有助于识别其读者。例如,一篇关于如何照顾宠物的文章会把宠物主人当作读者。 3.What can be inferred from the text? A.Some of the new technology has been used. B.Smart homes have been spr
24、ead widely now. C.No one likes to have a smart home today. D.Smart homes will be built in China soon. 答案A 4.The sentence “In the future, we will be using advanced technology every day for automatic control of just about everything in our home.”(paragraph 2, line 4) means “” A.In the future, advanced
25、 technology will be equipped at every home. B.Most of the things at home will be controlled by advanced technology in the future. C.In the future, everything at home will be replaced by advanced technology. D.In the future, smart houses can control their owners. 答案B .难句突破 1.图解难句 自我分析这是一个主从复合句。主句前的介词
26、短语作状语;从句中关系代词 that 引导定语 从句,其中谓语部分由并列连词 and 连接,前后两部分中均有连词 when引导的时间状语从句。 尝试翻译然而,在不太远的将来,我们将生活在智能居室中。当我们离开的时候,智能居室 会为我们锁上门;当我们忘记关掉电视的时候,智能居室会记得。 2.图解难句 自我分析这是一个主从复合句。从句是由并列连词 or连接的两个分句组成,这两个分句均 是由 if引导的条件状语从句。 尝试翻译例如,如果水管开始漏水,或者电线短路,您的智能居室就会检测到它,并向您提供 相关信息。 .文本复述 Step 1Question Answering 根据课文内容回答下列问题。
27、 1.How does a smart home work? A smart home is one that integrates computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves will become available. 2.What can a smart home do for us?Give an example. For example, the smart home could control the air
28、 conditioning and lights, making your home more energy-efficient. 3.What can a smart home do in the future? It could also monitor itself, even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you right advice. 4.What can you conclude about a smart home? In a sense, smart homes will lead u
29、s to living smarter lives. Step 2Text Retelling 将以上句子连成一篇语言流畅、用词准确、逻辑严密的短文。 A smart home is one that integrates computers into the structure of the building itself. In this way, many of the things that we now do ourselves will become available. For example, the smart home could control the air condi
30、tioning and lights, making your home more energy-efficient. It could also monitor itself, even be programmed to detect your health problems, and then give you right advice. So, in a sense, smart homes will lead us to living smarter lives. 板块一语言知识 1.For example, the phrase in my opinion tells us that
31、 the passage is likely meant to persuade.(教 材 P14) 例如,“在我看来”这个短语告诉我们这篇文章很可能意在说服。 语言点 1 persuade vt.劝说;说服 情境探究 I allowed myself to be persuaded into entering the competition. 我搁不住人家的劝说,就参加 了比赛。 Can you persuade her out of her foolish plans? 你能劝她放弃她那些愚蠢的计划吗? (鲜活例句)Its hard to persuade Americans to wea
32、r masks during the outbreak of COVID-19. 劝说美国人在 COVID-19 疫情暴发期间戴口罩很难。 归纳拓展 persuade sb. to do.=persuade sb. into doing.说服某人做 persuade sb. not to do.=persuade sb. out of doing.说服某人不做 persuade sb. out of sth.劝说某人放弃某物 persuade sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事 学以致用 (1)单句填空 How did you persuade your father into lendi
33、ng us the money? Dont let yourself be persuaded(persuade) to buy things you dont really want. (2)句型转换 Ill persuade him into joining our club. Ill persuade him to join our club. We persuaded him out of carrying out his adventure scheme. We persuaded him not to carry out his adventure scheme. 2.Or, ha
34、ve you ever forgotten to switch off the TV or computer? (教材 P14) 或者,你是否曾经忘记关掉电视或电脑? Paraphrase:Or, have you ever forgotten to turn off the TV or computer? 语言点 2 switch vt.转换;交换 vi. 转变 n.开关;转换器;改变 情境探究 The light switch came away from the wall. 电灯开关从墙上掉了下来。 Lets switch over to Channel 4. 让我们换到 4频道吧。 A
35、s the era wore on, she switched her attention to films. 随着这个时代慢慢过去,她把注意力投向了电影业。 归纳拓展 switch off/on 打开/关闭(电灯、机器等) switch over 换频道;换台 switch.to.变换为;更改为 throw a switch 扳动开关 学以致用 (1)单句填空 He threw a switch and the lights came on. I switch off the TV because of a bad mood. Within a few years the whole cou
36、ntry will switch over to digital television. (2)句型转换 She asked them why they hadnt turned the lights on. She asked them why they hadnt switched the lights on. 3.However, in the not-too-distant future, we will be living in smart homes that will lock the door for us when we are away and remember to sw
37、itch off the TV when we forget. (教材 P14) 然而,在不远的将来,我们将生活在智能居室中。当我们离开的时候,智能居室会为我们锁上 门;当我们忘记关掉电视的时候,智能居室会记得。 语言点 3 distant adj.遥远的;远处的;疏远的;心不在焉的 情境探究 From a distance we could see him smiling. 从远处我们可以看到他正在微笑。 One can see the ancient ruins at a distance of 20 miles. 人们从 20英里远处就能看到这个古老的废墟。 The story of T
38、he Wandering Earth, shown in 3-D, takes place in the distant future. 3D 电影流浪地球的故事发生在遥远的未来。 归纳拓展 distance n.距离,远方 from/at a distance 隔一段距离;从远处 at a distance of.在远处 in/into the distance 在远方 学以致用 (1)单句填空 School bells rang in the distance. Its better for you to keep him at a distance. But in her new hom
39、e, in a distant (distance) unknown country, it would not be like that. (2)单句写作 (2018 浙江读后续写)过了几个小时后,我们突然听到远处传来了羊叫声。 After what must have been several hours, we suddenly heard the sound of sheep in the distance. 4.Your home will also learn your daily routine and preferences, so everything will be rea
40、dy for you when you get home each evening. (教材 P14) 你的家也会了解你的日常生活和喜好,所以当你每天晚上回家的时候,一切都会为你准备好。 语言点 4 preference n.爱好;偏爱 情境探究 Which is your preference, tea or coffee? 你更喜欢喝哪一样,茶还是咖啡? Preference will be given to graduates of this university. 这所大学的毕业生将会获得优待。 I must say I have a strong preference for Fre
41、nch movies. 我得说我对法国电影有强烈的偏爱。 I prefer going to the cinema to watching TV. 我更喜欢看电影而不是看电视。 归纳拓展 (1)have a preference for偏爱 give preference to 给以优惠/优待 (2)prefer v.喜欢多于;更喜欢 prefer to do sth.更喜欢做某事 prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth.与(做)某事相比更喜欢(做)某事 prefer to do sth. rather than do sth. 与做某事相比更喜欢做某事 学以致用
42、 (1)单句填空 They gave preference(prefer) to the ones who applied for the job first. In modern times, teenagers have a preference for popular music, which has something to do with the age characteristic and the time background. (2)一句多译 她宁愿跟我们一起去也不愿留下来。 She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind
43、.(prefer.rather than.) She preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer.to.) 5.Your lights will come on the instant you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. (教材 P14) 你一进门,灯就会亮起来,还有你最喜欢的音乐和电视节目(会自动播放),并且你会发现你的 晚餐
44、已经准备好了。 Paraphrase:Your lights will come on the moment/minute/second you enter the door along with your favourite music or TV programmes, and you will find your dinner already prepared for you. 语言点 5 句型公式:the instant.一就,名词短语引导时间状语从句 情境探究 He paid back the money he owed us instantly/immediately/direct
45、ly he returned home. 他一回到家就把欠我们的钱还上了。 I felt bad the first time I talked to a group. 第一次和一个小组谈话时,我感觉很糟。 Each/Every time I see the old man in the park,he is absorbed in reading papers. 每次我在公园里看到这位老人时,他都在专心看报。 归纳拓展 类似结构还有: the moment/minute/second.一就 each/every time.每次 next/last/the first time.下次/上次/第
46、一次 instantly/immediately/directly+从句一就 学以致用 (1)单句填空 The moment I closed my eyes, I fell asleep. The machine is so advanced that it will start instantly(instant)you press the button. (2)句型转换 I fell in love with you the moment I saw you. I fell in love with you as soon as I saw you.(as soon as) I fell
47、 in love with you immediately/directly/instantly I saw you.(-ly 结尾的连词) 6.For example, if a water pipe starts leaking, or if there is a short in the electrical wiring, your smart home will detect it and provide you with the relevant information. (教材 P15) 例如,如果水管开始漏水,或者电线短路,您的智能居室就会检测到它,并向您提供相关信息。 语言点
48、 6 relevant adj.有关的;有意义的 情境探究 What he said has no direct relevance to the matter in hand. 他所说的话与手头的事没有直接关系。 (鲜活例句)Only when users are actively searching for food or restaurants, will they make relevant recommendations. 只有当用户频繁搜索食物或餐馆时,它们才会做出相关推荐。 归纳拓展 (1)be relevant to 与有关 (2)relevantly adv.有关地;切题地
49、(3)relevance n.相关性;意义;重要性 知识拓展 表示“与有关”的短语还有:be connected with;be related to;have something to do with。 学以致用 (1)单句填空 What you said has no relevance(relevant) to the subject. It was not until I completed the form that I realized that half of the questions were not relevant to me. The applicant has exp
50、erience in teaching and, more relevantly (relevant), in industry. (2)一句多译 这些理论与实践直接相关。 These theories are relevant to practice directly. These theories are related to practice directly. These theories are connected with practice directly. These theories have something to do with practice directly. 7
