1、Unit 1 People of achievement Section B Learning about Language教学设计教学设计 科目：英语 课题：Section B Learning about Language 课时：1 课时 教学目标与核心素养： 知识目标：To find out the differences in form and functions between restrictive relative clauses and non-restrictive relative clauses. 能力目标：To introduce a great person usin
2、g non-restrictive relative clauses. 情感目标：To express their own ideas and opinions using non-restrictive relative clauses. 教学重难点 教学重点：To introduce a great person using non-restrictive relative clauses. 教学难点：To express their own ideas and opinions using non-restrictive relative clauses. 课前准备：多媒体，黑板，粉笔
3、教学过程： 一、Pre-class 1. Greeting 2. Leading-in 教师活动：Present a brief introduction about Tu Youyou to the students and guide them to understand the use of non-restrictive relative clauses by asking the following questions. 1.Can you find any relative clauses?Underline them and name the types:the restrict
4、ive relative clauses or the non-restrictive ones. 2.Can you tell the differences in form between them? Tu Youyou,who was born in Ningbo,China,on 30 Dec.1930,was a committed and patient scientist.Based on a medical text which suggested using sweet wormwood to treat malaria,she and her team drew out t
5、he artemisinin,for which she was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine.Hundreds of thousands of lives are thought to be saved by artemisinin,which has become a vital part of the treatment for malaria. 活动目的： 导入新课 二、While-class 教师活动：介绍本课语法 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句起补充说明作用， 去掉后也不会影响对全
6、句的理解， 它与先行词之间往往 用逗号隔开。 The summer holiday, which were looking forward to, is drawing near. 我们所期盼的暑假即将到来。 一、引导非限制性定语从句的关系词 引导非限制性定语从句的关系词有： 关系代词 which, who, whom, whose, as 关系副词 when, where 等 Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses. 水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。 He will put off the picnic until May 1st, whe
7、n he will be free. 他将把野餐推迟到 5 月 1 日，那时他将有空。 关系词在句中所作成分： 关系代词：主语、宾语、表语、定语 关系副词：状语 The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard. 这个男孩，他的爸爸是一位工程师，学习很努力。 Once more I am in Boston, where I have not been for years. 我再次来到波士顿，我多年没来了。 二、as 的用法 as 也可以作为关系代词引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句，as 在定语从句中可作主 语、宾语或表语。 （
8、1）as 引导限制性定语从句时，主要用在固定搭配 such. . .as, the same . . . as 中。 He is not the same man as he was. 他和以前不一样了。 （2） as 引导非限制性定语从句时，指代主句的内容，在从句中作主语或宾语，常译为“正 如” 。 Smoking is harmful to ones health, as is known to us all. 众所周知，吸烟有害健康。 （3）as 引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前。 As I have pointed out, it is important to include ve
9、getables in our diet. 正如我所指出的，蔬菜在日常饮食中很重要。 （4）as 引导的非限制性定语从句常可看作固定结构，如： as is known to us 众所周知 as is reported 正如所提及的那样 as we all know 众所周知 as has been said before 正如之前所说 三、使用非限制性定语从句时的注意事项 （1）that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。 在非限制性定语从句中，用 who, whom 指代人，用 which 指代物。 She was very fond of speaking French, which indee
10、d she spoke well. 她很喜欢讲法语，而且讲得确实很好。 （2）当先行词是专有名词或被物主代词、指示代词修饰时，其后的定语从句通常是非限制 性定语从句。 They went to London, where they lived for six months. 他们去了伦敦，在那儿住了六个月。 （3）非限制性定语从句可以补充说明整个主句。 In the presence of so many people he was a little tense, which was understandable. 在那么多人面前他有点紧张，这是可以理解的。 （4）非限制性定语从句表原因时，不
11、用 why 引导，而用 for which 代替 why。 I had told them the reason, for which I didnt attend the meeting. 我已经告诉了他们我没有参加会议的原因。 四、限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句的区别 （1）形式不同 限制性定语从句与主句之间无逗号隔开；非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号隔开。 This is the best passage that I have ever read. 这是我读过的最好的文章。 I read a passage last night, which is very interesting.
12、 我昨天晚上读了一篇文章，它非常有趣。 （2）作用不同 限制性定语从句可以修饰名词或代词，与先行词关系密切，若缺少，句意则不完整。非限制 性定语从句修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰整个句子，对先行词仅起补充说明作用，若缺少， 句意仍相对完整。 Do you remember the man who taught us English? 你记得教我们英语的那个人吗？ She and her family bicycle to work, which helps them keep fit. 她和家人都骑车去上班，这有助于他们保持健康。 可通过以下两个例句对比理解两者的区别： His brother w
13、ho is 19 years old is serving in the army now. 他的一个 19 岁的哥哥正在部队服役。 (他有不止一个哥哥） His brother, who is 19 years old, is serving in the army now. 他的哥哥今年 19 岁，正在部队服役。 (他只有一个哥哥） （3）翻译不同 限制性定语从句的句子一般先译从句，后译先行词，即把从句放在先行词前，译为“的 先行词” 。非限制性定语从句的句子一般先译主句，后译从句，形成两个分句。 He is the man who lives next to me. 他就是住在我隔壁的那
14、个人。 He is a warm-hearted man, who lives next to me. 他是个热心肠的人，住在我的隔壁。 （4）关系词不同 关系代词 that 不能引导非限制性定语从句。在限制性定语从句中，关系代词作宾语时可以 省略；在非限制性定语从句中，所有关系词都不可省略。 Mr. White, whom you met yesterday, is one of my old friends. 你昨天遇到的怀特先生是我的一个老朋友。 (非限制性定语从句，whom 在从句中作宾语， 不能省略） 五、特殊结构“名词代词of + which/whom” There are 30
15、chairs in the hall, most of which are new. 大厅里有三十把椅子，绝大部分是新的。 六、关系代词、人称代词、指示代词的选择 关键是判断句子结构： 非限制性定语从句一选关系代词 并列句一选人称代词或指示代词 He came late again and this made his boss angry. 他又迟到了，这使他的老板很生气。 This is my smart phone and it was bought yesterday. 这是我昨天买的智能手机。 I met Professor Xu, who told me the result of
16、the election. 我遇到了许教授，他告诉了我选举的结果。 三、After-class 学生活动： Write a few sentences about some great people with the information given below.Use relative clauses.And then share and evaluate the writing with each other. Song Qingling Dr Sun Yat-sens wife; one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history; dev
17、oted her life to improving the welfare of women and children. NeilArmstrong The first man to land on the moon in July 1969; “Thats a small step for (a)man,one giant leap for mankind.” Norman Bethune Came to China in World War ; worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people. Lu
18、 Xun Aleading figure of modern Chinese literature; Lu Xun Literary Prizeone of China s top four literary prizes,awarded every three years. Joan ofArc A girl dressed as a man;went to fight for her country;helped drive the English invaders out of France. 参考答案： Song Qingling,who was Dr Sun Yat-sens wif
19、e and one of the top leaders in modern Chinese history,devoted her life to improving the welfare of women and children. Neil Armstrong,who was the first man to land on the moon in July 1969,said,“Thats a small step for (a)man,one giant leap for mankind.” Norman Bethune,who came to China in World War
20、 ,worked selflessly in China as a doctor and saved many Chinese people. Lu Xun was a leading figure of modern Chinese literature.Lu Xun Literary Prize,which is one of Chinas top four literary prizes,is awarded every three years. Joan of Arc,who was a girl dressed as a man,went to fight for her count
21、ry and helped drive the English invaders out of France. 四、Summary Aspect(方面) Restrictive relative clausesNon-restrictive relative clauses Form(形式) No comma(,)is in front of the clause. There is a comma(,)in front of the clause. Relative(关系 词) “That” is included.“That” is forbidden to use. Function A
22、 restrictive clause modifies the noun that precedes it in an essential way. Restrictive clauses limit or identify such nouns and cannot be removed from a sentence without changing the sentences meaning. A non-restrictive clause describes a noun or a sentence in a nonessential way,giving extra information,an explanation,or a comment on a noun or a sentence.
