1、2022 届广东省四校第一次联考届广东省四校第一次联考英语【教师版】英语【教师版】考试时间 120 分钟，总分 120 分注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、准考证号等相关信息填写在试卷和答题卡上的指定位置。2.选择题的作答：每小题选出答案后，用 2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。3.非选择题的作答：用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内，写在试卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并上交。第一部分第一部分 阅读理解（共两节阅读理解（共两节 满分满分 50
2、 分）分）第一节第一节 （共（共 15 小题小题 每题每题 2.5 分分 满分满分 37.5 分）分）ABrooklyn Childrens MuseumFounded in 1899 as the countrys first museum specifically made for children, today BCM iscomprehensive, with a permanent collection of 30,000 objects, including musical instruments,masks and dolls. Kids love the interactive
3、 World Brooklyn, a small cityscape （城市风光） lined bystores where children can pretend to be working grown-ups.Childrens Museum of ManhattanLooking for interactive art that welcomes curious minds? Then head to Inside Art, the currentshow up at CMOM, which lets your little ones climb in and over and all
4、 around the exhibits. Itsideas like this that make the 40,000-square-foot so special. Learning about culture, history andscience is a pride for kids aged six and under. CMOM also hosts classeslike Gross Biology forkids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-development rese
5、arch in mind.DiMenna Childrens History MuseumThe hands-on displays at this kid-focused arm of the New York Historical Society transportchildren back through 350 years of US history, with a special focus on NYCChildren areencouraged to climb around and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives
6、of kids who grew upto become famous doctors, athletes and political figures! Little New Yorkers can get in onsing-alongs and crafts. Other family programs include cookings classes, games and story hours.Staten Island Childrens MuseumStaten Island Childrens Museum nurtures（培养）creativity. It offers ha
7、nds-on experienceslike the Block Harbor（plenty of blocks to play with!）, larger-than-life games like Connect Fourand Dominoes, and even the opportunity to climb through a human-sized anthill or play firefighterat Ladder 11, so youll find immersive （沉浸式的） fun around every corner. Dont forget to stop
8、byGreen Living Room powered by the wind energy where the kids can learn about ways to reduceour carbon footprint.1Which museum provides biology classes for kids?ABrooklyn Childrens Museum.BStaten Island Childrens Museum.CChildrens Museum of Manhattan.DDiMenna Childrens History Museum.2What can kids
9、do in DiMenna Childrens History Museum?APlay interesting games with great firefighters.B Know about famous peoples childhood lives.CRun stores like adults in different small streets.DCook delicious local food with foreignathletes.3Where can kids learn how to protect the environment?AAt Ladder 11.BAt
10、 the Block Harbor.COn a human-sized anthill.DIn Green Living Room.【答案】【答案】C B D这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个适合孩子参观的博物馆。1细节理解题。根据 Childrens Museum of Manhattan 中“CMOM also hosts classeslike GrossBiology for kids who are interested in insects-all designed with the latest child-developmentresearch in mind.(CMOM 也主
11、持一些课程，比如给那些对昆虫感兴趣的孩子们讲生物课，这些昆虫的设计都考虑到了最新的儿童发展研究)”可知，Childrens Museum of Manhattan 会为孩子们提供生物课。故选 C。2细节理解题。根据 DiMenna Childrens History Museum 中“Children are encouraged to climbaround and interact with exhibits that highlight the lives of kids who grew up to become famousdoctors，athletes and political
12、 figures!(孩子们被鼓励到处攀爬，与突出了那些长大后成为著名医生，运动员，政治家的孩子们的生活的展品互动)”可知，孩子们在 DiMenna ChildrensHistory Museum 可以了解著名人物的童年生活。故选 B。3细节理解题。根据 Staten Island Childrens Museum 中“Dont forget to stop by Green LivingRoom powered by the wind energy，where the kids can learn about ways to reduce our carbonfootprint.(别忘了去绿色
13、客厅，那里有风能供电，在这里孩子们可以了解减少低碳排放的方法)”可知，孩子们在 Green Living Room 可以学习保护环境的方法。故选 D。BIn 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college and found himself in Calcutta,India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.Donaldson says about the great woman famed for feeding the hungry, “She wasnt w
14、earingshoes and her ankles were swollen. She sat down with me and was very polite.” After theinterview, Mother Teresa asked him, “What are you doing to help the poor?” Donaldson admittedthat he was young and wasnt focused on helping others. With a smile on her face, Mother Teresasaid, “Everyone can
15、do something.”Those words deeply struck Donaldson and forced him to face some hard truths about himself.Hal Donaldson grew up in the San Francisco Bay area. When he was 12 years old, his parentswere hit by a drunk driver; his father died, and his mother was seriously injured. To make endsmeet, they
16、went on welfare. Donaldson says, “I had holes in my shoes and clothes. When youreteased at school for that, you just want to escape.”He managed to do just that. Donaldson got into college and turned his focus to makingmoney for himself He says, “I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance
17、. However, itseasy to overlook others along the way. I was the guy that would see a homeless person and crossthe street, so I didnt have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the top instead ofhelping those trying to climb with me.”Donaldson returned home from India with a different thou
18、ght. He traveled to eight cities inAmerica and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of the homeless. “My heart broke,” hesays. “I knew I could no longer just live for myself.”Inspired by Mother Teresas words and the stories hed heard acrossAmerica. Donaldsonloaded a pick-up truck with $300
19、worth of groceries and handed them out to anyone who neededhelp. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofit organization, Convoy for Hope, which works withcommunities acrossAmerica and around the world. Their work focuses on feeding children,womens empowerment, helping farmers and disaster services.4W
20、hat did 23-year-old Hal Donaldson do in India?AHe interviewed Mother Teresa.BHe fed the hungry with Mother Teresa.CHe attended an interview for a college.DHe did something to help the poor.5What can we learn about Hal Donaldson from paragraph 4?AHe was born with disability.BHe led a hard life as a c
21、hild.CHe was well treated at school.DHe survived as a parentless boy.6How does Hal Donaldson describe himself in college?ASelf-centered.BSympathetic.CPopular.DCasual.7How did Hal Donaldson change after he returned home from India?AHe preferred traveling to volunteering.BHe suddenly fell in love with
22、 journalism.CHe turned his focus to living for himself.DHe gradually devoted himself to helpingothers.【答案】【答案】AB AD这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了从小生活艰苦的 Hal Donaldson 在努力改善生活条件的时候忽视了身边的人，而他与 Mother Teresa 的一次交流触动了他，他开始关注那些需要帮助的人并逐渐致力于帮助他人。4细节理解题。根据第一段“In 1990, Hal Donaldson was 23 years old, fresh out of college a
23、ndfound himself in Calcutta, India, where he was asked to interview Mother Teresa.(1990 年，23 岁的 Hal Donaldson，刚从大学毕业，来到印度加尔各答，在那里他被要求采访 Mother Teresa)”可知，23 岁的 Hal Donaldson 在印度采访了 Mother Teresa。故选 A。5推理判断题。根据第四段中的“When he was 12 years old, his parents were hit by a drunk driver;his father died, and
24、 his mother was seriously injured. To make ends meet, they went onwelfare.(12 岁时，他的父母被酒后驾车的司机撞了；他的父亲去世了，他的母亲受了重伤。为了收支相抵，他们靠救济生活)”可推断，童年时期的 Hal Donaldson 过着艰难的生活。故选 B。6推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I was just trying to find my way out of insignificance. However,its easy to overlook others along the way. I was the gu
25、y that would see a homeless person andcross the street, so I didnt have to confront (面对) him. My focus was on climbing to the topinstead of helping those trying to climb with me.(我只是想摆脱自己的卑微。然而，在这个过程中很容易忽略其他人。我是那种看到无家可归的人就会过马路的人，所以我不用去面对他。我的注意力集中在攀登顶峰上，而不是帮助那些试图和我一起攀登的人)”可推断，大学时期的 Hal Donaldson 只关注如
26、何改善自己的生活，是一个以自我为中心的人。故选 A。7推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段中的“Donaldson returned home from India with a different thought.He traveled to eight cities in America and stayed on the streets and listened to stories of thehomeless.(Donaldson 从印度回到家后，想法转变了。他在美国去八个城市旅行了，待在街道上，倾听那些无家可归人们的故事)”和最后一段“Inspired by Mother Teresas
27、words and thestories hed heard acrossAmerica. Donaldson loaded a pick-up truck with $300 worth of groceriesand handed them out to anyone who needed help. In 1994, Donaldson created the nonprofitorganization, Convoy for Hope, which works with communities acrossAmerica and around theworld.( Mother Ter
28、esa 的话语和他在美国各地听到的故事激励了他。 Donaldson 把价值 300 美元的食品杂货装上一辆小货车，分发给任何需要帮助的人。1994 年，Donaldson 创立了非营利组织“希望车队”，与美国和世界各地的社区合作)”可推断，Hal Donaldson 从印度回家以后开始关注别人的生活并逐渐致力于帮助别人。故选 D。CIf your fingers get chilly all year roundeven in the peak of summeryoure not alone.Many people get cold hands during all of the seas
29、ons, due to a number of causes, from genetic tochronic illnesses.Common reasons include being elderly and thin. If your hands are regularly cold or numb,however, its a good idea to see a doctor to rule out more serious causes. Cold hands are one of thesymptoms of both anemia (贫血症) and hypothyroidism
30、 (甲状腺机能减退). Diabetes, whichreduces blood circulation, can also trigger it. And if your heart is weak from heart disease, yourbody may prioritize sending blood to your core over your limbs.For many others, cold hands are a sign they have a largely harmless condition calledRaynauds disease. When any o
31、f us goes out in the cold, our bodies activate the muscles in oursmallest blood vessels to make them even smallera survival mechanism to keep blood, and thuswarmer temperatures, in our core. For people with Raynauds, this reaction is too strong, andinstead of just a bit less blood going to their fin
32、gers, far too little gets there.Raynauds is more common in women, and it most often develops before the age of 30. Infact, if you develop Raynauds when youre olderusually after 40it can be a sign of anotherunderlying issue. That could be a smaller problema previous incident of frostbite (冻伤) or asig
33、n of a more serious autoimmune condition, like lupus (狼疮).For the majority of people living with Raynauds, medication wont be necessary. However, arare, more severe form of Raynauds affects less than one in 1,000 people. In these cases, bloodcan become completely blocked, causing sores on the hands.
34、 If they go untreated, it can lead togangrene (坏疽) and, very rarely, amputation (截肢).8Whats the purpose of paragraph 1?Aintroduce a topicBpresent an argumentCdescribe the charactersDclarify his writing purpose9According to the text, which of the following is not the cause of cold hands?ADiabetesBHea
35、rt diseaseCObesityDAging10What do we know about Raynauds disease?AIt appears when blood vessels in your body overreact to high temperatures.BIn some cases, it can be a sign of some health issues.CMales never suffer from it before the age of 30.DFor most people, it is a serious health problem.11What
36、will the author talk about in the following paragraph?AThe reasons why people have cold handsBDisadvantages of cold handsCMedical research on Raynauds DiseaseDWays to treat Raynauds disease and prevent cold hands【答案】【答案】AC B D这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了，如果你的手指一年四季都在发冷，可能是得了雷诺氏病，解释了它的原因、症状、发病群体。8推理判断题。由第一段“If your
37、 fingers get chilly all year roundeven in the peak ofsummeryoure not alone. Many people get cold hands during all of the seasons, due to a numberof causes, from genetic to chronic illnesses.”（如果你的手指一年四季都在发冷，即使是在盛夏时节，你也不孤单。许多人在整个季节都会手感冰冷，原因有很多，从遗传病到慢性病。 ） ，可推断出第一段的内容是为下文做铺垫，为了介绍一个疾病话题。故选 A 项。9细节理解题。由
38、第二段中的“Common reasons include being elderly and thin.”（常见的原因包括年老体瘦。 ）和“Cold hands are one of the symptoms of both anemia (贫血症) andhypothyroidism (甲状腺机能减退). Diabetes, which reduces blood circulation, can also trigger it.And if your heart is weak from heart disease, your body may prioritize sending blo
39、od to your coreover your limbs.”（手冰冷是贫血和甲状腺功能减退的症状之一。糖尿病会减少血液循环，也会引发手冰冷。 如果你的心脏因为心脏病而虚弱， 你的身体可能会优先把血液输送到你的心脏而不是四肢。 ） ，可知年纪大、偏瘦、糖尿病和心脏病是导致双手冰冷的原因，文章并未提及肥胖导致双手冰冷。故选 C 项。10细节理解题。由第四段中的“Raynauds is more common in women, and it most often developsbefore the age of 30. In fact, if you develop Raynauds whe
40、n youre olderusually after 40itcan be a sign of another underlying issue.”（雷诺氏病在女性中更为常见，最常在 30 岁之前发病。事实上，如果你在 40 岁以后得雷诺氏病的话，这可能是另一个潜在问题的征兆。 ） ，可知在某些情况下，雷诺氏病可能是一些健康问题的征兆。故选 B 项。11推理判断题。由最后一段“For the majority of people living with Raynauds, medication wont benecessary. However, a rare, more severe for
41、m of Raynauds affects less than one in 1,000 people.In these cases, blood can become completely blocked, causing sores on the hands. If they gountreated, it can lead to gangrene (坏疽) and, very rarely, amputation (截肢).”（对于大多数雷诺氏病患者来说，药物治疗是不必要的。然而，一种罕见的，更严重的雷诺氏病影响不到千分之一的人。在这种情况下，血液会完全阻塞，导致手部疼痛。如果他们得不到
42、治疗，可能会导致坏疽和截肢。 ） ，可知本段主要讲不同雷诺氏病患者，有的不需要治疗，有的不治疗，后果严重，可推断出在下一段中，作者可能会谈论雷诺氏病的治疗及预防手部冰冷的方法。故选 D 项。DSix sacrificial pits (祭祀坑), dating back 3,200 to 4,000 years, were newly discovered inSanxingdui Ruins site in Guanghan, Southwest Chinas Sichuan province. Over 500 artifacts,including gold masks, bronze
43、wares, ivories, jades, and textiles, were unearthed from the site.Sanxingdui site, first found in 1929, is generally considered as one of the most importantarchaeological sites along the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. However, large-scale excavationon the site only began in 1986, when two pits
44、widely believed for sacrificial ceremonies were accidentally discovered.Investigation in the area around No 1 and 2 pits was relaunched in October 2019, and No 3pit was found in December 2019, according to Lei Yu, a researcher of Sichuan Provincial CulturalRelics and Archaeology Research Institute w
45、ho heads the ongoing excavation. Thirty-fourresearch universities and research institutes have cooperated in this project. He said the newdiscoveries will help to better understand many unexplained findings in 1986.More excavation followed in March 2020, and five more pits were found last year.Andde
46、tailed research began in October. Excavation capsules with hi-tech equipment were set up in thepits to better conserve the site.Sanxingdui site covers an area of 12 square kilometers, and its core zone of an ancient citycovers nearly 4 square kilometers. According to the National Cultural Heritage A
47、dministration,studies of Sanxingdui site will become a crucial project in an ongoing programArchaeology China,which tries to explain the origins of Chinese civilization and how diverse cultures communicateand come together.12What does the underlined word “excavation” in paragraph 2 probably mean?ADi
48、scoveryBDigCExplorationDExpansion13How did archaeologists preserve the Sanxingdui site?ABy dividing the task of excavation into several parts.BBy cooperating with research universities and institutes.CBy using excavation capsule armed with hi-tech equipment.DBy conducting more investigations around
49、the site.14What can we infer about the pits from the text?AAll sacrificial sites were discovered in the meantime.BThe excavation of Sanxingdui site only began in 1986.CThere were altogether six sacrificial pits discovered in Sanxingdui siteDThe size of the core zone is approximately 1/3 times that o
50、f Sanxingdui site.15Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ASacrificial pits were unearthed in Sanxingdui Site.BSanxingdui Site needed to be conserved.CSanxingdui discoveries cast light on ancient China.DHi- tech helped to excavate Sanxingdui Site.【答案】【答案】B C DA本文是说明文。 文章按照时间顺序着重介
