1、Evaluate chemical farming and organic farming To understand the differences between chemical and organic farming and their advantages and disadvantages; To learn about the authors writing techniques; To learn about the structure of argumentative essay; To write an essay to express your views on chem
2、ical farming or organic farming.What can be used to make plants grow better?Fertilizer. Chemical fertilizers Natural waste from animalsTo protect the crops, farmers have to kill off the harmful pests.What is used for killing pests, especially insects?Pesticides.Organic FarmingOrganic farming is simp
3、ly farming without using any chemicals.Chemical or organic farming?Which tomatoes do you prefer?5 yuan / kg30 yuan / kgNormal tomatoesOrganic tomatoesRead the text “Chemical versus organic farming” and then answer the following questions.1. Why did many farmers welcome the introduction of chemical f
4、arming?Many farmers welcomed them as a great way to fight crop diseases and increase production.2. What concerns many people about the use of pesticides?Their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples health.3. What is one problem with the use of chemical fertilisers?Crops grown wit
5、h them usually grow too fast to be rich in nutrition.4. How is organic farming different from chemical farming?Organic farming is simply farming without using any chemicals. Organic farmers focus on keeping their soil rich and free of diseases through natural means.5. Why do organic farmers change t
6、he kind of crop grown in a field every year?Different crops are grown because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready for next batch of crops.6. What is the goal of using organic farming methods? Do you think it can be reached? Why or why not?The goal of using organic farmi
7、ng methods is to grow good food while avoiding damage to the environment or to peoples health.Yes, I think this goal can be reached. Farmers worked for centuries without using any kinds of chemicals and without harming the environment, and the food they produced was just fine.Match the main ideas (A
8、-D) below with the paragraphs. A What organic farming is B Why man-made chemicals are still used in farming C Organic methods for producing rich soilD The problems with chemical farmingPara. 1-2Para. 3Para. 4Para. 5DACBComplete the sentences in the tables.Para.Main IdeaDetail 1-2 Pesticides can kill
9、 helpful _Some pesticides have been _ because of the _Crops grown with chemical fertilisers usually _ to be full of _.bacteria and insects prohibiteddamage they causegrow too fast nutritionDPara.Main IdeaDetail 3Many organic farmers use _ _ as fertiliser.4 They often _ grown in each field _.They als
10、o plant crops that use _ of the soil to help keep it rich.5 Organic farming is nowhere near able to meet the high _.from animals change the kind of crop every year different depths demand for food around the world natural wasteACBThe author uses “Benefits Problems Solutions” to introduce chemical fa
11、rming and organic farming. Finish the table according to the passage. (Here is just an example)Farming Benefit Problem Solution Chemical farming Organic farmingfight crop disease and increase productionsometimes harm both the land and peoples healthswitch to organic farmingmake the soil rich; keep t
12、he air, soil, water and crops free of chemicalscannot meet the needstill a long way to find a suitable solutionThe author uses some transitions between ideas. Find some in Para.2 and name their functions.Transition wordsFunction For example,Illustrating, but alsoAdding more information and emphasisi
13、ngIn addition,Adding more informationIn turn,SequencingIn fact,Illustrating / EmphasisingAs forIntroducing a new topic / thing, butContrasting, and as wellAdding more informationFind the subject clauses used in the text and underline them. Then make your own sentences on the theme of chemical and or
14、ganic farming. Over time, however, what some scientists have found is that their long-term use can sometimes harm both the land and peoples health. Why different crops are grown is because they put important minerals back into the ground, making it ready again for the next batch of crops.现在分词短语作结果状语
15、现在分词短语作结果状语 What keeps them from doing so is the fact that chemical farming serves the high demand for food around the world. 同位语从句，对同位语从句，对fact进行解释说明，引导词进行解释说明，引导词that没有没有词义，只起连接作用。词义，只起连接作用。1. digest vt. 1) to change food that you have just eaten into substances that your body can use 消化消化e.g. Mos
16、t babies can digest a wide range of food easily.2) to understand new information, especially when there is a lot of it or it is difficult to understand 理解，领悟理解，领悟e.g. I struggled to digest the news.digest n. a short piece of writing that gives the most important facts from a book, report etc 摘要，概要，文
17、摘摘要，概要，文摘e.g. A digest of the research findings is now available. The company publishes a monthly digest of its activities. 2. alternative n. something you can choose to do or use instead of something else 可供选择的事物可供选择的事物e.g. Is there a viable alternative to the present system?I had no alternative bu
18、t to report him to the police.alternative adj. (only before noun)1) different from the one you have and can be used instead 可替代的可替代的; 另外的另外的2) different from the traditional 非传统的非传统的e.g. Have you any alternative suggestions ?sources of alternative energy 替代能源替代能源Discuss these questions in groups: Is
19、 the author of the passage for or against organic farming? How do you know? What other disadvantages of chemical farming did the author not list?Write an argumentative essay giving your opinion on chemical or organic farming. How might the following items be problems and how important are they for o
20、rganic farming? What other disadvantages of organic farming can you think of?natural animal waste used as fertiliserhigher cost of producing foodgreater effort required to farmDecide whether your group supports chemical farming or organic farming. Come up with three main points to support your opini
21、on, and then add at least one detail to support each main point, complete the outline below.Use your outline to write a short essay giving your opinion on the topic.1. Use the checklist to help you review your partners draft.Exchange your draft with a partner. Does the writer do a good job of expres
22、sing his/her opinion? Does each paragraph have one main idea? Does each paragraph have at least one detail to support its main idea? Does the writer sequence the points in a logical order? Does the writer do a good job persuading you to accept his / her opinion?2. Take your draft back and revise it.
23、Share your essay with the rest of the class.In my opinion, organic farming is preferable to chemical farming because of the benefits to the environment and to people, and because organic food is more nutritious.To begin with, chemical farming harms the environment. Since chemical pesticides are not
24、found in nature, normal natural processes cannot get rid of them. Instead the chemicals tend to accumulate in the soil and water, and are absorbed in the food chain, where they poison wildlife and domestic animals.This affects us directly, because we end up eating plants, dairy products, eggs, and m
25、eat that have high levels of pesticides. Think about it: The purpose of the pesticides is to kill “pests”, that is, to kill insects. Something that can kill an insect probably is not healthy for a person to eat. While it may be true that the food we eat does not have enough pesticide in it to kill u
26、s immediately, over the years this pesticide may cause us health problems or give us diseases such as cancer.Finally, organic food is generally more nutritious than food grown with man-made chemicals. If you remember a few years ago, there was the case of watermelons literally exploding in the field
27、s because they had been given chemicals to make them grow faster. The reason why they exploded was that they contained too much water, because the farmers had used too many chemicals and the weather was unusually wet. As it turns out, such chemicals are commonly used in farming to grow larger crops
28、more quickly. Do you really want to eat watered-down fruit and vegetableswhich have been rushed to market? They cannot possibly taste as good as organic vegetables, nor can they be as nutritious.In closing, I would like to suggest buying organic food. Yes, the price is a little higher, but the small
29、 price we pay extra will bring us huge rewards in the end.One possible version:Flying is a fast way to travel, but it is bad for the environment. ( 要点要点1) Planes use a lot of fuel and put large amounts of CO2 into the atmosphere, and even short flights produce a lot of CO2. (要点要点2) When you do fly, you can fly non-stop to reduce your carbon footprint. ( 要点要点3) Besides, you should skip summer days, and if you do need to fly on a hot day, choose a time of day thats not so hot. (要点要点4)Finish your essay and revise it based on the feedback.
