1、第 1页（共 10页）Unit1 Section D Using Language()一、单词拼写1.The setting sun(投射) an orange glow over themountains.2.She was about to set off when a familiar(影子)suddenly came into her sight.3.If you are lucky,you can see a vivid(彩虹) acrossover two peaks.4.(倒出) the honey into the bowl and mix itthoroughly with
2、the other ingredients.5.There was a vast distance between psychological clues and(具体的) proof.6.This(显微镜) can magnify bacteria three thousandtimes their actual size.二、短语填空relate to,at the same time,in the form of,cast shadows,attimes,put pressure on1.Studying abroad can be stressful,because you have
3、to worryabout adjusting to a new culture.2.Generally speaking,my grandmother is nice and kind,but shecan be very stubborn.第 2页（共 10页）3.The severe weather in the southern region hasvegetable supplies there.4.Workers in big firms receive a substantial part of their paybonuses and overtime.5.It is well
4、-known that peoples health is closelyclimate changes.6.Those clouds would havethat would haveblocked some sunlight out.三、阅读理解Elon Musk, perhaps the worlds most brilliant businessman,has a habit of making statements that stretch the bounds ofbelievability.On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type
5、ofbrain-machine interface(BMI), starting from the design of“neural lace(神经织网)”, a net of thin electrodes(电极) thatcapture the information from the brain. However, the electrodesmust be flexible, so that they do not damage brain tissue andwill last for a long time. And to make the implantation(植入)of s
6、o many electrodes safe, painless and effective, the processhas to be automated.Mr. Musks team does indeed seem to have made progresstowards these goals. Their presentation includes videos of a第 3页（共 10页）robot that is best described as a sewing machine. This robotgrabs “threads”, and shoots them deep
7、 into the brain througha hole. The firm has also designed a chip that can handle signalsfrom as many as 3,072 electrodes.With all these technological breakthroughs, the firm nowhopes to help people overcome such illnesses as blindness andparalysis. They designed a small device that would sit behinds
8、omeones ear, picking up signals from the implanted chip andpassing them on as appropriate. In a few years, using a brainimplant to control your devices may be as prevalent as wearingwireless earphones today. Finally, Musk predicts neural lacewill allow humans to be combined with AI systems, thus ena
9、blingthe species to survive.Though, as this announcement shows, Mr. Musk does have ahabit of presenting himself as the hero of the human race, atleast the concept that some machines will come under the directcontrol of human brains seems possible to be carried out. Thebiggest barrier to this happeni
10、ng will probably not be writingthe software needed to interpret brainwaves, but persuadingpeople that the necessary surgery, whether by the sewingmachine or otherwise, is actually a good idea.1.We can learn from the first two paragraphs that.第 4页（共 10页）A.electrodes should be flexible to extend lifeB
11、.Elon Musk constantly comes up with unexpected ideasC.neural lace is used to store information from the brainD.electrodes are implanted by top surgeons for safety reasons2.What does the underlined word “prevalent” in Paragraph 4probably mean?A.Useful.B.Common.C.Professional.D.Appropriate.3.What is t
12、he hardest part of carrying out BMI?A.Convincing people to accept the surgery.B.Developing devices to perform the surgery.C.Writing the software to interpret brainwaves.D.Informing people of the success of the surgery.4.What is the best title of this passage?A.The Neural Lace, a New Type of BMIB.Elo
13、n Musk, the Hero of Human BeingsC.Artificial Intelligence, the Way to SurviveD.A Brain Implant, a Step to Control Machines四、阅读七选五How to Succeed in ScienceTo succeed in science, you need a lot more than luck. Inmy view, you have to combine intelligence with a willingness第 5页（共 10页）not to follow conve
14、ntions when they block your forward path.Thus, these have come to be my rules for success.1That might sound proud, but the fact is that you must alwaysturn to people who are brighter than you. Its like playing anygame. Even as a child, I never wanted to play games with anyonewho was as bad as I was.
15、 If you win, it gives you no pleasure.And in the game of science or life, the highest goal isnt simplyto win;its to win at something really difficult.2Take risks.To make a huge success, a scientist has to be prepared toget into deep trouble. If you are going to make a huge jump inscience, you will v
16、ery likely be unqualified to succeed bydefinition.3This can be more than personallyupsetting.Never do anything that bores you.My experience in science is that someone is always tellingyou to do things, and then leaves you alone. Im not good enoughto do well in something I dislike.4Its very hard to s
17、ucceed if you dont want to be with otherscientists, because you have to go to key meetings where you第 6页（共 10页）spot key facts that would have escaped you. And you have to chatwith your competitors, even if you find them objectionable.So my final rule is:5A.Meet challenges with great courage.B.If you
18、 cant stand being with your real peers, get out ofscience.C.Put another way, its to go somewhere beyond your ability andcome out on top.D.Make sure you always have someone to save you from a deep mess.E.Avoid foolish people.F.In fact, I find it hard to do well in something I like.G.Besides, you even
19、 have to be prepared to disbelieve yourscientific heroes.第 7页（共 10页）一、单词拼写1.cast2.shadow3.rainbow4.Pour5.concrete6.microscope二、短语填空1.at the same time2.at times3.put pressure on4.in theform of5.related to6.cast shadows三、阅读理解1.B推理判断题。根据第一段内容“Elon Musk.has a habit ofmaking statements that stretch the b
20、ounds of believability.”和第二段中的“On July 16th, 2019, he introduced a new type ofbrain-machine interface (BMI)”可知埃隆马斯克经常能提出前所未闻的想法,故选 B。由文章第二段的第二句可知电极要有弹性是为了使它们不伤害大脑组织并且它们本身能够持续很长时间,所以 A项错误;由文章第二段的第一句可知神经织网是被用来从大脑中捕获信息,而非存储,所以 B 项错误;由文章第二段的最后一句可知,为了使如此多的电极的植入变得安全、无痛和有效,这个过程必须是自动化的,所以 D 项错误。2.B词义猜测题。根据第
21、四段中的“They designed a small devicethat would sit behind someones ear, picking up signals fromthe implanted chip and passing them on as appropriate.”可知,现在设计的小设备安装在人的耳后,从植入的芯片中收集信息,然后以合适的方式传出去。表明现在的应用较为复杂。画线词所在句与现第 8页（共 10页）在形成对比,表明几年后,这项技术会变得和现在戴无线耳机一样普遍。故选 B。3.A细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“The biggest barrier to t
22、hishappening will probably not be writing the software needed tointerpret brainwaves, but persuading people that the necessarysurgery.is actually a good idea.”可知,最大的阻碍可能不是编写软件,而是说服人们接受必要的外科手术。故选 A。4.A主旨大意题。根据第二段中的“On July 16th, 2019, heintroduced a new type of brain-machine interface (BMI)”可知2019 年
23、7 月 16 日,他介绍了一种新型脑机接口。接下来全文围绕新型脑机接口(BMI)进行展开说明,因此可知 A 项“神经织网,一种新型的脑机接口”可以概括文章中心。四、阅读七选五1.E根据空后的内容可知,作者认为只有和比自己聪明的人在一起才能学到东西,所以本段建议避免和愚蠢的人在一起。故选 E。2.C根据设空处前一句话可知,作者认为在科学或生活的游戏中,最高的目标不仅仅是获胜,而是做成一些非常困难的事情。换句话说,最高目标是去超出自己能力范围的领域并名列前茅。C 选项是对前一句话的进一步解释。3.G根据设空处前文可知,作者认为如果想取得巨大成功,科学家必须准备好陷入很深的困境中。如果你要在科学上有一个巨大的飞跃,第 9页（共 10页）你很可能没有资格获得成功。此外,甚至也要准备好怀疑你心中的科学英雄,也就是要勇于质疑权威。故 G 选项符合语境。4.F根据设空处前一句话中的 do well in something I dislike 可知,在科学研究中,对于自己不喜欢的事情作者做不好,但对于自己喜欢的事情作者也不一定能做好。故选 F。5.B根据前一段的内容可知,作者建议要和其他科学家交流,从而发现自己忽略的关键事实。甚至要和你的竞争对手交流,即使你觉得他们令人反感。 因此本段建议如果你无法忍受与你真正相匹敌的人一起工作,你就不要进行科学研究了。故选 B。第 10页（共 10页）
