1、M8U3 The World of Colours and LightVocabulary1. abstract adj. based on general ideas and not on any particular person, thing or situation 理论知识理论知识 抽象原理抽象原理abstract knowledge/ principles n. a short written statement of 摘要摘要,概要概要I must make an abstract of the document. in the abstract 抽象地抽象地,从理论上说从理论上
2、说Talking about bringing up children in the abstract just isnt enough. v. abstract sth. from 提取提取,抽取抽取She abstracted the main points from the argument. abstracted 出神的出神的,心不在焉的心不在焉的absent-minded2. architect n. a person whose job is designing buildings or who is responsible for planning an idea or even
3、t 设计师设计师,缔造者缔造者,创造者创造者 He is the architect who designed the building. 我不知道谁是那次革命的发动者我不知道谁是那次革命的发动者. I dont know who was the architect of the revolution. architecture n.1) the art and study of designing buildings 建筑学建筑学2) the design and style of a building 建筑建筑设计设计/风格风格He studies architecture in Euro
4、pe.19世纪的建筑风格世纪的建筑风格the architecture of the 19th century 现代建筑设计现代建筑设计modern architecture3. output n. the amount of sth that a person, a machine or an organization produces 产量，输出量产量，输出量That country ranks last in industrial output.The average output of the factory is 100 cars a day. vt. to supply or pr
5、oduce information, results, etc. 输出（信息）输出（信息）Computers can now output data much more quickly.4. medium adj. in the middle between two sizes 中等的，中号的中等的，中号的There are three sizes small, medium and large. n. a way of communicating information, etc. to people （传播信息的）媒介，手段，方法（传播信息的）媒介，手段，方法Television is t
6、he modern medium of communication. medium n. pl. datum n. pl. phenomenon n. pl. mediadataphenomena5. acute adj. 1) very serious or severe 严重的；严重的；The actress suffers from acute depression(忧郁症忧郁症). 2) (of the senses 感官感官) very sensitive and well developed 敏锐的；敏锐的；She has acute hearing. 3) an acute il
7、lness is one that has quickly become sever and dangerous (疾病疾病)急性的急性的acute appendicitis 急性阑尾炎急性阑尾炎6. consensus n. common agreement 一致的意见，共识我不确定他们最终是否能达成共识。我不确定他们最终是否能达成共识。 I am not sure whether they will reach a consensus in the end.She is skilled at achieving consensus on sensitive issues. 她擅长为敏感问题
8、达成共识进行斡旋。7. calculate v. 1) to use numbers to find out a total number 计算计算,核算核算 油价以美元计算。油价以美元计算。 Oil prices are calculated in dollars. It has been calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year. 据估算据估算, 去年至少失去了去年至少失去了47000个工作。个工作。 2) to guess sth or form an opinion by using all the informat
9、ion available 预测预测,推测推测I calculate that Aunt Li will arrive at 8:00 p.m. it is/was calculated that calculate on something calculate on doing sth. calculated adj. 精心策划的精心策划的 be calculated for 为适合为适合而设计，适合于而设计，适合于 be calculated to do sth. 打算做打算做, 可能做可能做 This sort of life isnt calculated to appeal to a
10、 young man of 20. 这种生活对于一个这种生活对于一个20岁的年轻小伙子不大可能岁的年轻小伙子不大可能有吸引力。有吸引力。 calculation n. calculator n. calculating adj. Jack is a criminal with a cold and calculating mind. 冷酷而狡诈冷酷而狡诈 calculable: can be calculated8. impress v. 1) impress sb (with sb/sth)给给留下深刻的印象留下深刻的印象He impressed her with his sincerity
11、.His sincerity impressed her.It impressed me that she remembered my name. 2) impress sth on/upon sb 使意识到（重要性或严重性等）使意识到（重要性或严重性等）He impressed on us the need for immediate action. 3) impress sth/itself on/upon sth to have a great effect on sth, especially ones mind, imagination, etc. 使铭记使铭记, 留下印象留下印象
12、Her words impressed themselves on my memory. 她的话语我铭记在心里。她的话语我铭记在心里。impression n. 1) an idea or an opinion that you get about sb/sth impression of sb/sthto get a good or bad impression of sb/sthMy first impression of him was favorable.2) the effect that an experience or a person has on sb/sth impress
13、ion on sbMy words made no impression on her. 我说的话对她没任何作用。我说的话对她没任何作用。My trip to the Great Wall made a strong impression on me.3) an amusing copy of the way a person acts or speaks (对某人举止言谈的对某人举止言谈的)滑稽模仿滑稽模仿He did his impression of Tom Hanks. be under the impression that believing, usually wrongly, t
14、hat sth is true 误认为误认为 我还以为工作早已经完成了。我还以为工作早已经完成了。 I was under the impression that the work had already been completed.impressionist 印象派画家印象派画家; 用滑稽方式模仿名流的人用滑稽方式模仿名流的人Impressionism 印象主义，印象派印象主义，印象派9. commit v. (committed committing ) 1) to do sth. wrong or illegal 犯（罪或错等犯（罪或错等） commit crimes commit s
15、uicide They committed outrages on innocent citizens. 2) to promise sincerely that you will definitely do sth. 承诺承诺(做某事做某事) commit oneself to doing =be committed to doing sth. He didnt commit himself to anything. 他没有做任何承诺。他没有做任何承诺。 3) 委托，托付委托，托付The orphan was committed to the care of an aunt. commitm
16、ent n.1. the commitment of funds to medicine2. a commitment to pay $10,000 to charity3. Were looking for someone with a real sense of commitment to the job.10. reward n. a thing that you are given because you have done sth. good, worked hard, etc. 奖励，回报奖励，回报He got a reward of $10,000 for catching th
17、e criminal. v. to give sth. to sb. because they have done sth. good, worked hard, etc. 奖励，奖赏，给以报酬奖励，奖赏，给以报酬How can I reward your kindness?辨析：辨析：award prize reward reward: 指对某人的工作或服务等指对某人的工作或服务等报答报答；有时也指帮助失主找到东西或帮助警察抓有时也指帮助失主找到东西或帮助警察抓到罪犯。到罪犯。prize: 指各类指各类竞赛竞赛、竞争或抽奖中所获之、竞争或抽奖中所获之奖，有的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。奖，有
18、的凭能力获得，有的凭运气获得。award: 指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所指为鼓励在工作中达到或完成所提出的要求或条件的人，往往强调提出的要求或条件的人，往往强调荣誉荣誉。11. upwards of 在在以上，大于，超以上，大于，超过过He paid upwards of $ 1,000.Upwards of a hundred people came to the meeting.拓展拓展 downwards backwards forwards towards12. be off to 去，离开去去，离开去 go off to leave for set out for 出发去出发去 sa
19、il for 朝朝航行航行 head for 前往前往 make for 走向；有助于，促进走向；有助于，促进13. admission 1) the right to enter a place or to join an institution or organization 进入权进入权He gained admission into this university. 2) a statement in which ab admits that sth is true, especially sth wrong or bad 承认承认He is a thief by his own ad
20、mission. 他自己供认是小偷。他自己供认是小偷。 3) the amount of money that you pay to go into a building or to an event 入场费，门票费入场费，门票费The charge for admission is $5.14. scenery 1) the natural features of an area 风景，风景，景色景色 2) the painted background on a theatre stage 布景，道具布景，道具The scenery in the mountain is very beaut
21、iful. 辨析辨析: scenery scene sight view scenery 多指自然景色多指自然景色The scenery as one travels by boat along the Changjiang Three Gorges is marvelous. scene 指眼前的景色，也可以指指眼前的景色，也可以指scenery 的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及其活动的一部分，大多包括景物中的人及其活动The scene after the earthquake was horrible. sight 场景、眼前的景观，也可以指名胜场景、眼前的景观，也可以指名胜a sad s
22、ightsee the historical sights of London view 指远处或高处看到的指远处或高处看到的scenery 的一部的一部分分There is a fine view of the mountains from our hotel window.15. cut up 切碎She cut up the vegetables and fed the chicken with them. 拓展:cut across 取捷径取捷径 cut in 插嘴插嘴 cut back 修剪，减少修剪，减少 cut off 中断中断cut down 砍倒砍倒 cut out (of)
23、 剪下，停止使用剪下，停止使用I cut this article out of the newspaper.The doctor asked me to cut sugar out of my diet.be cut out for sth/to be sth 是做某事的料是做某事的料She is not cut out for singing and dancing.16. lay (laid laid laying) 放置放置, ,产卵产卵; ; lie (lay lain lying) 躺着躺着, ,位于位于; ; lie (lied lied lying) 撒谎撒谎 拓展拓展: la
24、y out 设计，安排；设计，安排； 陈列；花费；陈列；花费； lay off 解雇；停止使用解雇；停止使用 laid off workers 下岗工人下岗工人 lay tables 放桌子放桌子 lay aside 把把搁置一旁；留存，储存搁置一旁；留存，储存 lay down 放下（武器）；放弃；制定（条例放下（武器）；放弃；制定（条例或原则）或原则） lay on 安排，供应安排，供应 lay in 储备储备 17. disgusting adj. 1) extremely unpleasant 极糟的，令人不快的极糟的，令人不快的What a disgusting smell! 2)
25、unacceptable and shocking 令人厌恶的，令人气愤的令人厌恶的，令人气愤的I think its disgusting that theyre closing the local hospital.disgusted: feeling or showing disgust 感到厌感到厌恶的恶的 be disgusted to do sth 气愤地做气愤地做disgusting常修饰物常修饰物 disgusted多修饰人多修饰人disgust v. make sb. feel shocked and almost ill 使反感，使厌恶，使作呕使反感，使厌恶，使作呕The
26、thought of dissecting(解剖解剖) a frog disgusts me. n. a strong feeling of dislike or disapproval for sb./sth. that you feel is unacceptable 反感，恶心反感，恶心 with disgust 反感地反感地 Everybody except Joe looked at me with disgust. in disgust 愤愤地愤愤地 Much to my disgust, I found there were no toilets for the disabled
27、. 令人气愤的是令人气愤的是 18. spray n. very small drops of a liquid that are sent through the air 浪花，水花；喷剂浪花，水花；喷剂 sea spraythe spray of a waterfalla can of insect spray 一罐喷雾杀虫剂一罐喷雾杀虫剂 vt. to cover sb./sth. with very small drops of a liquid that are sent through the air 喷，喷洒喷，喷洒 spray an insecticide upon plant
28、sspray the furniture with paint19. dip dipped dipping v. to put sth quickly into a liquid and take it out again 蘸，浸蘸，浸He dipped his hand into the sea to find how cold it was. dip into a book 浏览一本书浏览一本书 dip into ones pocket 花钱花钱 dip into the future 展望未来展望未来 n. the act of dipping 游一游，泡一泡游一游，泡一泡 to hav
29、e a dip 短促的沐浴（游泳）短促的沐浴（游泳）I am going to have a dip /for a dip. 我只是想泡一会儿。我只是想泡一会儿。20. have a go = have a try go 在这里是名词，在这里是名词， 意思是意思是“尝试、努力尝试、努力” have a go at sth. 尝试某事尝试某事Ill have a go at fixing it tonight. have a go at sb. 指责某人指责某人The boss had a go at me for being late. 拓展拓展: at one go 一口气，一举一口气，一举be all go 忙得要命忙得要命be on the go 非常忙碌非常忙碌make a go of sth. 在在.方面成功方面成功He blew out all the candles in his birthday cake at one go.Its all go in the office today.Ive been on the go all week.Shes determined to make a go of her new career.
