1、Non-predicate verbs used as the adverbial非谓语动词作状语非谓语动词作状语Teaching aims: 1. The students will understand the structure of non-predicate verbs used as the adverbial and can solve the related questions. 2. To help the students conclude the ways of solving the questions about non-predicate verbs. 判断句子正误
2、，并对错的加以改正。判断句子正误，并对错的加以改正。1. There are several boys play basket ball on the playground.2. Her husband went to America, left her living alone in London.3. I finished my homework, then I began to play the game.4. Because I finished my homework, and I began to play the game.5. Having finished my homewo
3、rk, I began to play the game.6. Improving his English, he went to attend an English course.FFFFTFplayingleaving andTo improve一个简单句中只能有一套谓语动词，一个简单句中只能有一套谓语动词，其余的动词用非谓语形式其余的动词用非谓语形式 在并列句和复合句当中，才会有两套在并列句和复合句当中，才会有两套以上的谓语动词连用的情况。以上的谓语动词连用的情况。1) When I walked in the street, I came across an old friend. _
4、 _ _ _, I came across an old friend. 2) He was ill, so he didnt go to school. _ _, he didnt go to school. 3) If you see the earth from space, it looks blue. _ _ _, the earth looks blue. 4) She walked out of the house with her little girl following her. She walked out of the house, _ _ her little gir
5、l. 1. 分词（分词（v-ing; v-ed）作状语）作状语 用分词作状语的形式改写下列句子用分词作状语的形式改写下列句子Walking in the streetBeing illSeen from spacefollowed by时间状语时间状语 原因状语原因状语条件状语条件状语伴随状语伴随状语5) Though he was left alone at home, he didnt feel afraid at all. _ alone at home, he didnt feel afraid at all. 6) Her parents died, which left her a
6、n orphan. Her parents died, _ her an orphan. 7) Because he hadnt finished his work, he was punished. _ _ _ his work, he was punished.8) After we had been shown around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest. _ _ _ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest.Leftl
7、eavingNot having finishedHaving been shown结果状语结果状语让步状语让步状语分词作状语的基本原则分词作状语的基本原则 分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句分词作状语时，分词的逻辑主语必须与句子的主语保持一致，子的主语保持一致，分词分词和和句中主语句中主语构成构成逻辑上的主动或被动关系，否则不能使用逻辑上的主动或被动关系，否则不能使用分词作状语分词作状语5) Though he was left alone at home, he didnt feel afraid at all. _ alone at home, he didnt feel afraid
8、 at all. 6) Her parents died, which left her an orphan. Her parents died, _ her an orphan. 7) Because he hadnt finished his work, he was punished. _ _ _ his work, he was punished.8) After we had been shown around the Water Cube, were then taken to see the Birds Nest. _ _ _ around the Water Cube, we
9、were then taken to see the Birds Nest.LeftleavingNot having finishedHaving been shown结果状语结果状语让步状语让步状语形式形式意义意义DoingHaving doneDone Being doneHaving been done与句中主语成主动关系与句中主语成主动关系与谓语动作同时发生，或基本同时发生与谓语动作同时发生，或基本同时发生与句中主语成主动关系与句中主语成主动关系先于谓语动词发生先于谓语动词发生与句中主语成被动关系与句中主语成被动关系与句中主语成被动关系，与谓语动作与句中主语成被动关系，与谓语动作同时
10、发生，一般置于句首作原因状语同时发生，一般置于句首作原因状语与句中主语成被动关系与句中主语成被动关系且先于谓语动作而发生且先于谓语动作而发生2. 不定式作状语不定式作状语 (1) Im pleased to be invited to the party. ( _ 状语状语) (2) To pass the exam, he worked hard. ( _ 状语状语) (3) He woke up only to find everyone gone. ( _ 状语状语)原因原因目的目的结果结果不定式作状语，通常表示不定式作状语，通常表示原因原因、目的目的和和结果结果，不定式，不定式同样与句
11、子的同样与句子的主语主语构成逻辑上的构成逻辑上的主动或被动关系主动或被动关系练习：比较下面两个句子：比较下面两个句子：They lifted a rock only to drop it on their own feet.Football is played all over the world, making it the most popular sport.偶然的、意想不到的结果偶然的、意想不到的结果自然而然的、意料之中的结果自然而然的、意料之中的结果3. 独立成分作状语独立成分作状语_ _ media reports(由媒体的报道判断由媒体的报道判断), the result has
12、 been unclear._ _ _ _（考虑到各种因素），（考虑到各种因素），the result is better than expected._ _ _ _ _ (说实话说实话), your proposal has been turned down.Judging fromTaking everything into considerationTo tell you the truth有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受有些分词或不定式短语作状语，其形式的选择不受上下文的影响，称作上下文的影响，称作独立成分作状语独立成分作状语。类似的短语有：。类似的短语有：Generall
13、y/strictly/franklyspeaking, talking of提及，谈到提及，谈到 considering, seeing(考虑到考虑到)To be frank/honest/exact , to begin/start with, to sum up （总而言之，概括地说）（总而言之，概括地说）To make things/matters worse (更糟糕的是）更糟糕的是） Weather _ （permit）, well go out for a picnic.Homework _（finish）, the boy went out to play.The boy rus
14、hed into the classroom, his face _ (cover) with sweat.All things _ (consider), your article is of greater value than hers.permittingfinishedcoveredconsidered思考：思考：上面分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？分词和逻辑主语之间上面分词的逻辑主语分别是什么？分词和逻辑主语之间 什么关系？什么关系？有时，分词作状语，分词可以带有自己有时，分词作状语，分词可以带有自己独立的独立的逻辑主语，逻辑主语，分词和其分词和其逻辑主语逻辑主语之间依然构成之间依然构成
15、主动或被动关系主动或被动关系。这种。这种“逻辑主语逻辑主语+分词分词”的结构被称为的结构被称为分词的独立主格结构分词的独立主格结构，在句中在句中只能作状语只能作状语。4. 分词的独立主格结构分词的独立主格结构练习练习1. _ time, hell make a first-class tennis player. A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given2. _ along the quiet road at forty miles an hour, and then an old man suddenly started to cross t
16、he road in front of me. A. Driving B. I was driving C. Having driven D. When I was driving3. Since 1994, the glacier in Antarctica has lowered by as much as 90cm, _sea level to rise. A. having caused B. causing C. caused D. being causedDBB5. “We cant go out in this weather,” said Bob, _ out of the w
17、indow. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked6. _ many times, he still cant remember it. A. Had told B. Having been told C. Having told D. Being told7. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting8. The manager, _
18、 it clear to us that he didnt agree with us, left the meeting room. A. who has made B. having made C. made D. makingABDB9. I couldnt do my homework with all that noise _. A. going on B. goes on C. went on D. to go on10. He hurried to the station only _ that the train had left. A. to find B. finding
19、C. found D. to have found11. The human body is composed of organs, each _ a definite job to do. A. have B. to have C. has D. havingAAD解题思路归纳：解题思路归纳：_判断判断“谓谓”或或“非谓非谓”分析句法功能，明确所作成分分析句法功能，明确所作成分找准逻辑主语，弄清逻辑关系找准逻辑主语，弄清逻辑关系注意非谓语动词的时态注意非谓语动词的时态1. _in the queue for half an hour, the old man suddenly realize
20、d he had left the cheque in the car.A.Waiting B. To wait C. Having waited D. To have waited2. He hurried to the book office only _ that all the ticket had been sold out. A. to tell B. to be told C. telling D. told3. Written in a hurry, _.A. Peter made many mistakes in the paper.B. there are many mistakes in the paper.C. we found some mistakes in the paper.D. the paper is full of mistakes.4. The children went home from the grammar school, their lesson _ for the day.A. finished B. finishing C. had finished D. having finished实战演练：实战演练：CBDA
