（2020）新北师大版高中英语选择性必修第一册讲义（全册11份打包）.rar

1选择性必修一选择性必修一 Unit1 Lesson21preference n偏好，喜好prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢preferable adj. 更可取的，更合适的2ashamed adj羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的shameful adj可耻的，丢脸的shameless adj无耻的shame n羞愧，羞耻3intention n意图，目的；打算intend vt. 打算4demanding adj要求严格的；费力的demand vt. 需要 n需要5effective adj有效的；实际的effect n效应；影响effectively adv有效地；实际上重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词1. ashamed adj. 惭愧，羞愧，尴尬；因惭愧而不情愿【用法归纳用法归纳】be ashamed of sb./sth.为某人/某事感到羞愧be ashamed to do sth.因惭愧而不情愿做某事be ashamed that.因感到惭愧/内疚She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧。Im ashamed to admit that Ive never read any of his books.我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。She felt ashamed that she had missed her sisters wedding.她没能参加姐姐的婚礼，觉得很内疚。【拓展】相关词语积累shame n. U羞愧，羞耻；sing.令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事to ones shame 使某人感到羞愧的是Its a shame that. 真遗憾What a shame! 真遗憾!/真可惜!shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的shameful adj.无耻的，没廉耻的2【辨析】ashamed/shameful易混词语易混词语区别区别ashamed表示“惭愧的，羞愧的”，通常作表语或补语，表示人的心理状态或感受。不用于名词前。shameful表示“可耻的，丢脸的”，可作表语或定语，指某事情或行为本身可耻、丢脸。语境串记There is nothing shameful about failing the test. Work harder and you will catch up sooner or later. But youshould be ashamed of yourself for telling lies about it. 不及格没什么丢脸的。更加努力学习，你迟早会赶上来的。但是你应该为自己对此说谎而感到羞愧。【练习】1.语法填空(2020全国卷阅读理解七选五改编) We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. Remember, you are only human.Every single grain on your plate is the result of hard work, so nothing can be more shameful (shame) than wasting food.Tom was ashamed to tell (tell) his mother that he had failed the exam again.2.完成句子To her shame (让她感到羞愧的是), she gained back all the weight she had lost.Mr Benet cannot attend tomorrows party because something urgent has come up. What a shame (真可惜)!高频短语2. depend on (depend on 中的 on 可用 upon 替换。)【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)取决于，由取决于，由决定决定How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. 你需要多少睡眠很大程度上取决于你的年龄。(浙江高考)Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up. 我们是否需要更多的食物要视到场人数而定。(2)依靠，信赖；指望依靠，信赖；指望depend on sb./sth. for sth.靠某人/某事提供某物3depend on sb. to do sth.= depend on sb./sb.s doing sth.依靠/指望某人做某事depend on it that.相信/指望(it 为形式宾语)He depended on his writing to make a living.他靠写作谋生。You cant depend on them to do it. 你不能依靠他们做这件事。Can I depend on it that this wont happen again?我能相信这事不会再发生吗?If our parents do everything for us, we wont learn to depend on ourselves.如果父母替我们做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。【拓展】depend 构成的其他搭配：That/It (all) depends.那得看情况(而定)。(交际用语)What are you going to do this weekend? 这个周末你打算干什么?It all depends. I may go to Shanghai with my friends. 看情况而定。我可能会和我的朋友一起去上海。【练习】1.语法填空(2020江苏完形填空改编) Success depends fundamentally on/upon our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. *句意成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和生活中的事情的看法生活。Nowadays many people depend on the Internet for the information they need.2.完成句子(天津市耀华中学期末) David, when will you pay a visit to California?I cant decide at present. That/It (all) depends (那得看情况而定).Tom is always late for meetings, so you cant depend on/upon him to arrive on time (指望他准时到).3. preference 【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. U,sing.喜爱，偏爱；喜爱，偏爱；C,U优惠，优待优惠，优待have a preference for.偏爱4in preference to.优先于；而不是give (a) preference to. 给以优惠；优待.He has a strong preference for classical music.他非常喜欢古典音乐。She chose the red cup in preference to the black one. 她选择了红色的杯子而不是黑色的杯子。We give preference to applicants with some experience.我们优先录用有一定经验的申请人。(2)n.C偏爱的事物，最喜爱的东西偏爱的事物，最喜爱的东西I dont know your preferences, so please help yourself. 我不知道你喜欢什么，所以请自便吧。【拓展)】相关词语积累：(1) preferable adj.更可取，较合适(2) prefer vt.较喜欢，喜欢多于prefer A to B 喜欢 A 多于 B(to 为介词)prefer doing sth./ prefer to do sth. 较喜欢做某事prefer sb. to do sth. 较喜欢某人做某事【练习】1.语法填空A combination of technology and tourism will be a future trend, given the preference(s) (prefer) of the younger consumers born in the 1990s and later.Each of us is likely to develop a personal preference for certain types of entertainment.2.用 preference 的相关短语完成句子As for diet, Monica chooses vegetables and fruit in preference to any kind of meat.For sustainable development, the government has decided to give(a) preference to those energy-saving and environment-friendly businesses in many aspects.*句意为了可持续发展，政府决定在许多方面优先考虑那些节能和环保的企业。4. handle【用法归纳用法归纳】5(1)vt. 应付，处理应付，处理(= deal with)；操纵，控制；操纵，控制You need to be able to handle pressure in this job. 你要能应付这一工作的压力。Can you tell me how to handle the machine? 您可以告诉我如何操纵这台机器吗?(2)vt. (用手用手)触，拿，搬动触，拿，搬动Wash your hands before you handle food.洗完手再拿食物。Please dont handle the vasestheyre very fragile.请不要触碰花瓶，它们极易破碎。(3)n.C把手把手I turned the handle and found the door was open.我转动把手，发现门是开着的。【练习】判断下列句子中 handle 的词性及含义(2020天津一中期末) Slowly he stooped(弯腰)down, grasped the handles on both sides of the box, and gathered all his strength to lift it. n.把手 We often come across some problems we cant handle in a usual way, in which case we must think creatively to solve them. vt. 处理 I wasnt sure if I could handle such a powerful car. vt.操纵,控制 The label on the box said: “Fragile. Handle it with care.” vt.搬动 5. upset【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)adj. 难过，不高兴，失望，沮丧难过，不高兴，失望，沮丧(unhappy or disappointed because of sth. unpleasant that has happened)be upset about.为心烦意乱/难过He was upset about not being invited to the party. 他因未被邀请去参加聚会而难过。She was upset that her friend had left without saying goodbye to her. 她朋友的不辞而别让她感到难过。(2)vt. 使生气，使心烦意乱使生气，使心烦意乱It upsets sb. to do sth.做某事让某人心烦意乱。It upsets sb. that.让某人心烦的是6Dont upset yourself by thinking about what might have been.你别再去想原本可能会怎样而自寻烦恼了。“It upsets me to hear that news,”the weary mother said to her daughter.这个疲倦的妈妈对她的女儿说，“听见那个消息让我心烦。”It upset him that nobody had bothered to tell him about it.让他不高兴的是，谁也没把这件事告诉他。(3)vt. 打翻，碰倒，使倾覆；打乱，搅乱打翻，碰倒，使倾覆；打乱，搅乱He stood up suddenly, upsetting the soup.他突然站起来。结果把汤打翻了。The sudden change of the weather upset our plan for a picnic.天气的突变打乱了我们的野餐计划。语境串记Jim is doing his homework. The flies flying around him without a stop upsets him. He is so upset that he upsets a cup of water at the corner of the desk. 吉姆正在做家庭作业。苍蝇不停地在他周围飞来飞去，这让他心烦意乱。他烦躁极了，以至于打翻了放在桌角的一杯水。【拓展】相关词语积累：upsetting adj.令人不快(或忧虑、苦恼)的I will never see him again and this is a terribly upsetting thought. 我将再也不会见到他了，这是非常令人不快的想法。【练习】1.判断下列句子中 upset 的词性及含义(2020天津阅读理解节选)Thanks to the Silence Machine, a British invention, you can get rid of the soundwithout upsetting the boy or his parents. vt.使生气，使心烦意乱When you are nervous, angry or upset, try releasing the pressure through exercise or physical activities. adj.难过 Any change in the weather would upset our plan for driving across the desert. vt.打乱,搅乱 2.语法填空Whats the matter with Rod?I think hes still upset about failing his driving test.It upsets me to see (see) the river filled with plastic bags and other litter.We felt upset at the upsetting news (upset).76. in other words in other words 意为“换句话说，也就是说”。同义表达有：namely，that is( to say)。【拓展】word 构成的其他搭配：in a word 总之，简言之keep ones word 遵守诺言word for word 逐字地，一字不差地break ones word 食言have words with sb.与某人争eat ones words 收回前言，承认错误have a word with sb.和某人谈谈语境串记Joe always keeps his word; in other words, he never breaks his word. In addition, hes outgoing and easy-going. When free, hed like to have a word with people face to face, and never has words with others. In a word, all of his friends like him as he can get on well with everyone around him.乔总是信守诺言，换句话说，他从不食言。另外，他是一个外向、随和的人。有空的时候，他喜欢和人面对面地交谈，从来不和别人吵架。总之，他所有的朋友都喜欢他，因为他能和他周围的每个人都相处得很好。【练习】用 word 的相关搭配完成句子总之，我对你的工作很满意。In a word , Im very satisfied with your work.(2020安徽滁州校级月考)我很快就发现我正在做的工作，别人早就做过了。换句话说，我在浪费自己的时间。I soon found that the work I was doing had already been done by someone else. In other words , I was wasting my time.她一字不差地把他们的谈话向我复述了一遍。She repeated their conversation word for word to me.我们一旦食言，就不会再有人相信我们了。Once we break our word , nobody will trust us again.7. raise【用法归纳用法归纳】raise提及，提起(课题)raise questions 提出问题8筹募，征集raise money 筹款抚养，培养；饲养，种植raise children 抚养孩子 raise cattle/corn 养牛/种植玉米举起，提起raise a hand 举手(使)直立，站立raise oneself 某人直起身子增加，提高(数量、水平等)raise the price 提高价格raise ones voice 提高嗓门raise public awareness of. 提高公众的意识【练习】判断下列句子中 raise 的含义(2020浙江语法填空改编) Farming produced more food per person than hunting and gathering, so people were able to raise more children. 抚养 (2019北京语法填空改编) Earth Day, marked on 22 April, is an annual event aiming to raise public awareness about environmental protection. 提高 At the front of the supermarket, a charity group has set up a stand, selling cooked sausages to raise funds. 筹募 Raise your hand if you know the right answer. 举起 Seeing me come in, she raised herself out of the chair and said hello. (使)直立 8. manner【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)n. simg.方式，方法方式，方法in a(n)manner 以方式His manner of speaking implies that he is not willing to accept the agreement.他的说话方式暗示他不愿意接受这个协议。Washing hands with soap is an effective manner to prevent the spread of disease.用肥皂洗手是有效预防疾病传播的一种方式。9I had hoped you would behave in a more responsible manner.我曾希望你会表现得更加负责。(2)n. pl.礼貌，礼仪礼貌，礼仪table manners 餐桌礼仪have good/ bad manners 有礼貌/没礼貌It is good/ bad manners to do sth. 做某事是礼貌/不礼貌的。In any case, a lot can be accomplished by a smile and good manners.在任何情况下，微笑和有礼貌都会让你有很大收获。In some parts of the world, it is considered bad manners to take food with the left hand.在世界的一些地方，用左手拿食物被认为是不礼貌的。(3)n. sing.态度，举止态度，举止His manner was polite but cool. 他举止彬彬有礼但显冷淡。【拓展】表示“方法，方式”的搭配还有：method：a method for/of.的方式way：in a(n)way以方式a way of doing sth./ a way to do sth.做某事的方法means：by means of.依靠方法a means of (doing) sth. (做)某事的方法approach：an approach to.的方法【练习】结合 manner 的用法完成句子用手指着别人说话是不礼貌的。Its bad manners to talk with you finger pointing at the other person.不会有人对你的肢体语言进行评论，但我还是建议你表现得友好、自信。Nobody will remark on your body language, but Id still recommend that you try to act in a friendly and confident manner .得知你对中国餐桌礼仪感兴趣，我很高兴。10Im delighted to know you have a great interest in Chinese table manners .基础练知识巩固建议时间：基础练知识巩固建议时间：15 分钟分钟一、单词拼写一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词用本部分所学单词)1.(2020山东济南期末) When applying for a job, you should highlight your experience and skills.2. In my opinion, she is too sensitive .She cares too much about others words and so gets hurt often.3. Does Lucy have a preference for a particular color?Yes, she likes blue best.4. He apologised for his behaviour and stated that he was ashamed .5. Keeping a diary in English is an effective way to improve our English writing.6. Cathy had quit her job when her son was born so as to stay home and raise her son.7. If you continue to face peer(同辈) pressure and youre finding it difficult to handle (处理), talk to someone you trust.8. I felt sorry for what I said to him yesterday, which made him so upset (沮丧).9. Grammar is important because it allows you to express your thoughts and intention(s) (意图) in a way that is acceptable to native speakers.10.(2020黑龙江哈师大附中检测) Although Johnson earns a lot in the new company, his job is stressful and demanding (要求严格的).二、语法填空。二、语法填空。在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. I feel ashamed of the remarks I made the other day.2. A good teacher should develop the students ability to think independently so that they wont depend on/upon others for everything.3. The supermarket offers various goods to choose from, so more and more people prefer shopping/to shop (shop) there.4.I didnt intend buying/to buy (buy) the products intended for young people.5. It really upset Tracey when her mother showed a preference for her sister.11三、完成句子三、完成句子1. 为了提高学生回收利用的意识，学生会最近在校园里组织了跳蚤市场。(raise)To raise students awareness of recycling , he Students Union held a flea market on campus recently. 2. 怀着为无家可归的人筹款的目的，他们决定成立一个慈善机构。(intention, raise)They decided to set up a charity with the intention of raising money for homeless people .3. 说实在的，如果你能用现金支付我会非常感激。(honest)To be honest , I would appreciate it very much if you could pay in cash.4. 苏总是在最短的时间内很好地完成任务。换句话说，她做事很有效率。(word)Sue always finishes her task well within the shortest time. In other words , she performs quite effectively. 5. 辛迪发现自己做错了事时，为自己之前的言语感到羞愧。Cindy was ashamed of what she had said , when she found she had done something wrong.(ashamed)6. 我喜欢在网上订餐，因为这不仅节省了我们的时间，而且使我们的生活更加方便。(preference)I have a preference for ordering meals online because it not only saves our time, but also makes our life more convenient. 7. 家庭聚餐提供了很好的机会来为孩子们展示并教授他们良好的餐桌礼仪。(manner)Family meals provide good chances to show and teach kids good table manners .8. 在与父亲交谈约半个小时后，他感觉好多了，也知道了如何处理这种情况。(handle)After talking with his father for about half an hour, he felt better and got to know how to handle this kind of situation . 121选择性必修一选择性必修一 Unit1 Lesson21preference n偏好，喜好prefer vt. 较喜欢，更喜欢preferable adj. 更可取的，更合适的2ashamed adj羞愧的；内疚的；惭愧的shameful adj可耻的，丢脸的shameless adj无耻的shame n羞愧，羞耻3intention n意图，目的；打算intend vt. 打算4demanding adj要求严格的；费力的demand vt. 需要 n需要5effective adj有效的；实际的effect n效应；影响effectively adv有效地；实际上重点单词与短语精析重点单词与短语精析课标词课标词 高频词高频词1. ashamed adj. 惭愧，羞愧，尴尬；因惭愧而不情愿【用法归纳用法归纳】be ashamed of sb./sth.为某人/某事感到羞愧be ashamed to do sth.因惭愧而不情愿做某事be ashamed that.因感到惭愧/内疚She was deeply ashamed of her behaviour at the party.她对自己在聚会上的行为深感羞愧。Im ashamed to admit that Ive never read any of his books.我真不好意思承认，我从来没读过他的书。She felt ashamed that she had missed her sisters wedding.她没能参加姐姐的婚礼，觉得很内疚。【拓展】相关词语积累shame n. U羞愧，羞耻；sing.令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事to ones shame 使某人感到羞愧的是Its a shame that. 真遗憾What a shame! 真遗憾!/真可惜!shameful adj.可耻的，丢脸的shameful adj.无耻的，没廉耻的2【辨析】ashamed/shameful易混词语易混词语区别区别ashamed表示“惭愧的，羞愧的”，通常作表语或补语，表示人的心理状态或感受。不用于名词前。shameful表示“可耻的，丢脸的”，可作表语或定语，指某事情或行为本身可耻、丢脸。语境串记There is nothing shameful about failing the test. Work harder and you will catch up sooner or later. But youshould be ashamed of yourself for telling lies about it. 不及格没什么丢脸的。更加努力学习，你迟早会赶上来的。但是你应该为自己对此说谎而感到羞愧。【练习】1.语法填空(2020全国卷阅读理解七选五改编) We are often ashamed of our shortcomings, our mistakes and our failures. Remember, you are only human.Every single grain on your plate is the result of hard work, so nothing can be more shameful (shame) than wasting food.Tom was ashamed to tell (tell) his mother that he had failed the exam again.2.完成句子To her shame (让她感到羞愧的是), she gained back all the weight she had lost.Mr Benet cannot attend tomorrows party because something urgent has come up. What a shame (真可惜)!高频短语2. depend on (depend on 中的 on 可用 upon 替换。)【用法归纳用法归纳】(1)取决于，由取决于，由决定决定How much sleep you need depends a lot on your age. 你需要多少睡眠很大程度上取决于你的年龄。(浙江高考)Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up. 我们是否需要更多的食物要视到场人数而定。(2)依靠，信赖；指望依靠，信赖；指望depend on sb./sth. for sth.靠某人/某事提供某物3depend on sb. to do sth.= depend on sb./sb.s doing sth.依靠/指望某人做某事depend on it that.相信/指望(it 为形式宾语)He depended on his writing to make a living.他靠写作谋生。You cant depend on them to do it. 你不能依靠他们做这件事。Can I depend on it that this wont happen again?我能相信这事不会再发生吗?If our parents do everything for us, we wont learn to depend on ourselves.如果父母替我们做所有的事情，我们就学不会独立。【拓展】depend 构成的其他搭配：That/It (all) depends.那得看情况(而定)。(交际用语)What are you going to do this weekend? 这个周末你打算干什么?It all depends. I may go to Shanghai with my friends. 看情况而定。我可能会和我的朋友一起去上海。【练习】1.语法填空(2020江苏完形填空改编) Success depends fundamentally on/upon our view of ourselves and of the events in our lives. *句意成功从根本上取决于我们对自己和生活中的事情的看法生活。Nowadays many people depend on the Internet for the information they need.2.完成句子(天津市耀华中学期末) D