1、Unit 1 Wish you were hereGrammar and usageNon-restrictive relative clausesHe is my father .He wears a white shirt.The man who wears a white shirt is my father .a) I have a dad who never do homework.b)b) I have a dad , who never do homework.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句1.限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺少限制性定语从句是先
2、行词在意义上不可缺少2.的定语的定语, 如果去掉如果去掉, 主句的意思就不完整或主句的意思就不完整或3.失去意义。失去意义。4.2. 非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切非限制性定语从句和主句关系不十分密切, 5.只是对先行词作些附加的说明只是对先行词作些附加的说明, 6.如果去掉如果去掉, 主句的意思仍然清楚。主句的意思仍然清楚。7.这种从句和主句之间往往用这种从句和主句之间往往用 逗号分开逗号分开, 不用不用that引导。引导。关系代词：that, who,whom, which, whose关系副词: where, when, why主语： 1.先行词是人宾语：2.先行词是物主语：宾语：
3、3.先行词人/物定语:Who/thatWho/that/whom/省略Which/thatWhich/that/省略Whose1.The factory _they visited last year was destroyed.2. The students are thankful to the teacher _ has taught them for 3 years.3. I still remember the days_ I spent in the college.4. He is the man _ name is Tom.四部曲：1. 划分主从句 2.圈先行词 3.先行词带入
4、从句that/which/省who/thatthat/which/省whose I went to a village_ is among the villages. I went to America, _is at the west of China.which,thatwhichas 引导非限制性定语从句 常用结构有：as we all know；as is (well) known to all；as can be seen; as has been said before, as was mentioned above; as is often the case（这是常有的事情）1.
5、_ we all know,the 29th Olympic Games is a great success.2._ is often the case, he made me annnoyed.AsAs当先行词受such, the same修饰时，常用asI have never heard such a story as he tells.He is not such a fool as he looks.This is the same book as I lost last week.注意： 当先行词由the same修饰时，偶尔也用that引导定语从句，但是和由as所引导的定语从句
6、意思不同。She wore the same dress that she wore at Marys wedding. She wore the same dress as her young sister wore. 1._ we all know, China is rich in natural resources.2.The man comes from Henan,_is far from here.3.She met an old friend, _ invited her to his house for a visit.4.Our teacher, _wife fell il
7、l yesterday, cant come to work today.Aswhosewhowhich1. Read the article on Page 6 and answer the following question. What are the advantages and disadvantages of tourism? Exploring the rulesAdvantages Tourism allows service industries to grow consistently, thus giving jobs to the local population, a
8、nd bringing more wealth to the surrounding community.Disadvantages Both the physical characteristics and the cultural aspects of the destination may be at risk, with wildlife habitats suffering and local culture receiving insufficient respect.2. Find the sentences with non-restrictive relative claus
9、es in the article.These industries, in turn, give jobs to the local population, whose welfare depends on tourism.The prices of tourist essentials such as transport, accommodation and food usually increase too, which brings even more wealth to the surrounding community.More nature-centred tourist att
10、ractions, where man and nature live in harmony, can be greatly impacted or even destroyed by the flood of tourists.Exploring the rules As resources are used more rapidly than they can be sustained, wildlife habitats are likely to suffer, which could endanger the local plants and animals. Local festi
11、vals and customs, which may have deep meaning in a particular culture, can simply become entertainment for tourists.Exploring the rules3. Work out the rules on Page 6.We often use a non-restrictive relative clause to add extra information to a noun, pronoun or noun phrase in the main clause or the m
12、ain clause. A comma is usually used to separate the adding clause and the main clause.Exploring the rules We usually introduce a non-restrictive relative clause with a relative pronoun like who, whom, which and whose or a relative adverb like when and where. The relative pronoun or adverb cannot be
13、left out in a non-restrictive relative clause. We can use which in a non-restrictive relative clause to refer to the main clause as a whole.Exploring the rules1. Could you rewrite the sentences in B1 on Page 7 using non- r e s t r i c t i v e r e l a t i v e c l a u s e s ?(1) My parents went on a t
14、our of Japan with 20 people. Some of t h e m h a d n e v e r b e e n a b r o a d b e f o r e .(2) My favourite place to visit is a little village near Shanghai. My grandma was born there.Applying the rulesMy parents went on a tour of Japan with 20 people, some of whom had never been abroad before.My
15、 favourite place to visit is a little village near Shanghai, where my grandma was born.(3) Dr Luo will give us a tour of Beijing. He is an expert in Chinese history.(4) Id rather visit Europe in summer. The weather is at its best in summer.(5) Im reading a guidebook to Rome. It is really fascinating
16、 and helpful.Dr Luo, who is an expert in Chinese history, will give us a tour of Beijing.Applying the rulesId rather visit Europe in summer, when the weather is at its best.Im reading a guidebook to Rome, which is really fascinating and helpful.Finish B2 on Page 7, and then answer the following ques
17、tion.What is sustainable tourism about?Applying the rulesIt is not only about seeing the sights, but also about connecting with people and their cultures, making a positive impact on the places we visit and enhancing opportunities for the future.Discuss with your classmates about more ways to be a s
18、ustainable tourist, using non-restrictive relative clauses.Applying the rules1.She was always speaking highly of her 2.role in the play, of course, _ made3.the others unhappy.4. which B. who C. this D. what5.2. After living in Paris for fifty years he 6.returned to the small town _ he 7.grew up as a
19、 child.8. which B. when C. that D. whereA D 练一练练一练3. The gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. A. who B. about whom C. whom D. with whom4. Please take any seat _ is free. A. which B. where C. in which D. thatB D 5. The old man has two sons, _ is a soldier. A. one of whom B. both of
20、 them C. all of whom D. none of them6. New York is famous for its sky-scrapers (摩天大楼摩天大楼),_ has more than 100 storeys. A. the higher of them B. the highest of which C. the highest of them D. some of whichA B 7. My home village is no longer the same _ it used to be. A. which B. as C. where D. when8.
21、In the office I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m., _ many people have gone home. A. whose time B. that C. at which D. by which timeB D 9. The boy _ composition won the first prize is the youngest in the group. A. who B. whose C. that D. which10. The weather turned out to be very good, _
22、was more than we could expect. A. what B. which C. that D. itB B 11. Mr. Wang is a boss, _ factory Li Ping worked. A. in whose B. whose C. in whom D. of which12. I dont like the way _ you speak to her. A. / B. that C. in which D. All A, B, and CA D 13. I shall never forget the years _ I lived in the
23、 country with the farmers, _ has a good effect on my life. A. that, which B. when, which C. which, that D. when, who14. _ is known to all, China will be an advanced and powerful country in 20 or 30 years time. A. What B. That C. As D. ItB C 15. Is this book _ you want to borrow from the library? A.
24、that B. which C. the one D. /16. Such a book _ you showed me is difficult to understand. A. that B. which C. as D. likeC C 17. The speaker spoke of some writers and some books _ were popular then. / B. that C. which D. who18. This is the store _ we visited the famous shop assistants.A. where B. there C. that D. whichB A 19. Im going to spend my holiday in Beijing, _ my old parents live. A. which B. that C. where D. there20. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, women will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. whereC D
