1、If there were no clouds, we should not enjoy the sun.如果没有阴云密布如果没有阴云密布,我们就不会享受阳光我们就不会享受阳光 （不经历风雨怎么能见彩虹）（不经历风雨怎么能见彩虹）Everyday English区别区别:If it rains tomorrow, the crops will be saved.If it were to rain tomorrow, the crops would be saved.陈述语气陈述语气虚拟语气虚拟语气Definition陈述语气（陈述语气（the Indicative Mood）用来陈述一）用来
2、陈述一个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、个事实，或提出一个想法，有肯定、否定、疑问或感叹等形式疑问或感叹等形式。虚拟语气（虚拟语气（the Subjunctive Mood）表示）表示说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、说话人的一种愿望、建议、命令、要求、有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是有时是一种非真实的假设、料想，或是不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。不可能实现的与事实相反的愿望。 Pair work: translation 如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。如果我有一千万，我就能买一栋房子。我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房我有一千万吗？没有。所以我仍然没有房子。如果我有翅膀，我就能
3、飞。我有翅膀子。如果我有翅膀，我就能飞。我有翅膀吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整吗？没有。所以我也没办法飞。如果把整个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情个太平洋的水倒出，也浇不熄我对你爱情的火。整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不的火。整个太平洋的水全部倒得出吗？不行。所以我并不爱你。行。所以我并不爱你。 痞子蔡痞子蔡第一次亲密接触第一次亲密接触 If I _（have) ten million yuan, I _(buy) a house. Do I _(have) ten million yuan? No. Therefore, I still have no house. If I _ (
4、have) wings, I _ (fly). Do I _(have) wings? No. Therefore, I can not fly. If all the water of the Pacific Ocean _(can) be poured out, it _ not extinguish my love for you. Can it be? No. Therefore, I dont love you. hadwould buyhavehadwould flyhavecouldwould1. 虚拟语气的考点虚拟语气的考点 1、条件句中的虚拟语气的用法；、条件句中的虚拟语气的
5、用法；2、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；、条件句中虚拟语气的倒装；3、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；、名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法；4、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；、几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法；if if引导的虚拟条件句引导的虚拟条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气时间时间条件从句条件从句 if主句主句过去过去现在现在将来将来had donewould/should/could/might have donedid/werewould/should/could/might do1.should do2.were to do3.didwould/should/could/might doIf +主主 +had do
6、ne sth, 主主+would/should/could/might +动词完成式（动词完成式（have done）If he had worked hard, he would have passed the examination.1.1.如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试了。如果他努力学的话，他就通过这次考试了。If I had married her, I would have been unhappy.2.2.要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。要是当时我和她结了婚的话，那我是很不幸的。与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句If + 主主 + did(were)
7、, 主主+would/should/could/might +动词原形动词原形If I were you, I would try it again.1. 如果我是你，我会再试一次。如果我是你，我会再试一次。2.2.如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。如果我有一百万美元，我会买下这架飞机。If I had one million dollars, I would buy the plane.与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句( (通常有时间状语通常有时间状语) )If he came here tomorrow, I wo
8、uld tell him about it.If he were to come here tomorrow, I would tell him about it.1.1.如果他明天来的话如果他明天来的话, ,我会告诉他这件事我会告诉他这件事.If + 主主 + did(were to /should do), 主主+would/should/could/might +动词原形动词原形If If虚拟条件句的倒装虚拟条件句的倒装条件状语的倒装：条件状语的倒装：如果条件状语中有如果条件状语中有were, had, should时时, , 可以倒装成：可以倒装成：Were / Should / Ha
9、d + +主主+ +其他其他Were I you, I would try it again. Had you not helped me, I I should have failed. Should it snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out. If I were you, I would try it again.If you hadnt helped me，I should have failed.If it should snow tomorrow, we wouldnt go out.错综虚拟条件句：错综虚拟条件句： 有时条件从句中的动作与主句中有时条件
10、从句中的动作与主句中的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动的动作，发生的时间不一致，这时动作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以作的形式应根据它所表示的时间加以调整。调整。 If they had studied hard, they could do it easily now.与过去相反与过去相反与现在相反与现在相反如果我是你，我就听从他的建议了。如果我是你，我就听从他的建议了。If I were you, I would have taken his advice.从句表示现在，主句表示过去从句表示现在，主句表示过去如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。如果你听我的话，现在就不会这么糟糕了。从句表示
11、过去，主句表示现在从句表示过去，主句表示现在If you had listened to me, you might not be in such trouble now.名词性从句中要求名词性从句中要求用虚拟语气的动词用虚拟语气的动词表示要求,命令,建议的虚拟语气 一个坚持，两个命令， 三个建议，四个要求 1.insist 2. order, command 3. advise, suggest, propose (advice, suggestion, proposal ) 4. demand , require, request, desire这些词引导的名词性从句要使用虚拟语气。即从句
12、中的动词使用should + 动词原形， 或者将should省略。用括号内词的适当形式填空1. It is suggested that the job _(do)in another day.2.The doctor insisted that the patient _ (receive) the operation.3.My advice is that he _ (send)to finish the task.4.Here comes the order that all soldiers_(go)to the front.(should) be done(should) recie
13、ive(should) be sent (should) go Fill in the blankssuggest suggest 表示表示“暗示暗示，表明，表明”时，时，insist insist 表示表示“坚持认为坚持认为”时，后接陈述语气。时，后接陈述语气。 Janes pale face suggested that she _(be)ill,and her parents suggested that she_(go)to the hospital. He insisted that he _(be) not guilty and _(be)sent free.wasgo wasbe
14、虚拟语气特殊句型：1. would rather that过去：过去：现在现在/未来：未来：过去完成时过去完成时一般过去时一般过去时I would rather you paid me now.I would rather you had gone, too.Dont come. I would rather you came tomorrow.2. as if /though + Clause现在：现在：过去：过去：将来将来 :did /were(现在现在)had done(过去过去)She loves the baby as if it were her own son.He spoke
15、English well as if she had studied English in England.Mrs Smith sobbed as if her heart would break.would+动词原形动词原形(将来将来)1.When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it _.A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken2.The actor is 58 years old. But he acts as if he _ a you
16、ng man.A. is B. will be C. am D. were3.The clouds are getting darker and darker. It looks as if it _rain.A. is going to B. will C. was going to D. would注意：注意：如果表示的事情可能如果表示的事情可能会发生，那么状语从句中的会发生，那么状语从句中的谓语动词可用陈述语气。谓语动词可用陈述语气。It looks as if you are tired.3. Its (about/high) time +that -过去时should +V.我们该去
17、睡觉了。 Its time that we went to bed.Its time that we should go to bed. 4. Its necessary /strange/ natural/ important + that-Clause 从句中的动词要用虚拟，即从句中的动词要用虚拟，即（should）+动词原形动词原形It is important that we ( should ) master a foreign language.It is strange that she refuse to come to the party.Its necessary that
18、 we should study hard.I wish II wish I rememberedremembered the the address.address.我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）我要是记得地址就好了。（真可惜我忘了）How I wish heHow I wish he had not left.had not left.要是他刚才没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）要是他刚才没有离开这里就好了。（他已离开）I wish itI wish it would rainwould rain tomorrow.tomorrow.要是明天下雨就好了。（说话人预料明天不会下雨）要是
19、明天下雨就好了。（说话人预料明天不会下雨）wish （If only） + thatdid/were 现在现在had done 过去过去would / might /could do 将来将来和和if从从句句对对比比记记忆忆1. wish 的宾语从句现在: (were/did)过去: (had done)将来: would/could/might +do 3. as if /though + 从句 现在:过去:将来:were/didwould/should/might/could+dohad done2. If only 引导的感叹句were/didhad donewould/could/mi
20、ght+do现在:过去:将来:Special cases4. Its (about/high) time +thatdidshould(不省) +V.5. would rather现在:过去:将来:were/didwere/didhad done高考链接高考链接:1. I didnt see your sister at the meeting. If she , she would have met my brother. A. has come B. did come C. came D. had come 2. When a pencil is partly in a glass of
21、water, it looks as if it . A. breaks B. has broken C. were broken D. had been broken 3. You didnt let me drive. If we in turn, you so tired.A. drove ; didnt get B. drove ; wouldnt getC. were driving ;wouldnt get D. had driven ; wouldnt have got 4.Without the air to hold some of the suns heat, the ea
22、rth at night ,too cold for us to live.A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldlyC. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldlyDCDA5._ it rain tomorrow, we would have to put off the meeting. A. Were B. Should C. Would D. Will 6. Janes pale face suggested that she ill, and her parents suggeste
23、d that she a medical examination.A. be; should have B. was; have C. should be; had D. was; has 7. for the free tickets, I wouldnt have gone to the films so often.A. If it is not B. Were it notC. Had it not been D. If they were not8.Yesterday Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she something.A. had said B. said C. might say D. might have saidBBCD
