1、合作探究自主预习合作探究自主预习一二三一、你将在听力材料中听到下面方框中的单词,请从中选出与各英文释义对应的单词analyseariseblamewillingself-employedattemptdefendargumentprocessprofit1. prepared to do something,or having no reason not to want to do it2. money that you gain by selling things or doing business,after your costs have been paid3. to happen as
2、 a result of a particular situation4. to do something in order to protect someone or something from being attacked5. a series of actions that are done in order to achieve a particular resultwilling profit arise defend process 合作探究自主预习一二三6. to examine or think about something carefully,in order to un
3、derstand it7. a set of reasons showing that something is true or untrue,right or wrong,etc.8. working for yourself and not employed by a company9. to say or think that someone or something is responsible for something bad10. an act of trying to do something,especially something difficultanalyse argu
4、ment self-employed blame attempt 合作探究自主预习一二三二、阅读下面关于对“狗仔队”看法的两段话,从第一题的方框中选择正确的单词,并用它们的适当形式完成这两段话A.Some people the paparazzi for the deaths of Princess Diana and her friend who were killed in 1997 in a high-way car accident in Paris,while they were pursued by the paparazzi.A heated about whether what
5、 the paparazzi had done was legal.More and more people are in favour of individuals right to privacy.B.When we the action of the paparazzi,we can see why they are to sell the photos to the media.Theyto seek a large ,that is to say,they want to earn more money.blamed argument arose defending analyse
6、willing attempt profit 合作探究自主预习一二三三、阅读下面的对话,指出其中表达观点的词汇和句型A:How was the exam,Jimmy?B:Not too bad,I suppose.I think I passed math and English.Personally,the questions were not so difficult.A:As to me,they were not easy enough.I hope I have passed them.B:In my opinion,I must have failed the French pap
7、er.A:French tests are awful,arent they?B:I believe I have got a low mark.A:I dont think so.Perhaps we didnt do too badly.B:The guy next to me wrote his name on the top of the paper.A:Yes?B:Then he sat there and looked at it for three hours!He didnt write a word!合作探究自主预习一二三答案:I suppose;I think;Person
8、ally;As to me;In my opinion;I believe;I dont think so.合作探究自主预习1234567891.Could you tell us how the problem arose?你能跟我们说说这个问题是怎么出现的吗?考点 arise vi. 发生,出现Instead of waiting until problems pile up,we should try to solve each as it arises.问题一出现我们就应该努力解决,而不要等到问题越堆越多。How did the quarrel arise?吵架是怎么发生的?New p
9、roblems will arise from such a situation.那种状况将会产生新的问题。归纳: arise用作不及物动词,常与介词from或out of连用,意为“由引起”。它的过去式和过去分词分别为arose和arisen。合作探究自主预习123456789辨析:arise,arouse,raise和risearise vi.出现;起床arouse vt.引起;唤起;激起raise vt.“举起;提高”,多用于具体场合,如举手、举杯、升旗等,有时也用于提高工资、提高工作效率等。rise vi. “上升;升高;上涨”等,大多用于抽象或比喻,或是具体场合,如太阳、产量的上升等
10、。The wind is rising.起风了。Our salary has been raised recently.最近我们的薪水提高了。合作探究自主预习123456789A new problem has arisen.一个新问题出现了。His question aroused my curiosity.他的问题激起了我的好奇心。He arose at 6:00 a.m.as usual.他像通常一样早晨6点起床。The river rose by two feet after the heavy rain.大雨后河面上升了2英尺。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用语法填空(1)
11、Problems often (arise) when you least expect them.(2)Many difficulties (arise) as a result of his absence.用arise,rise,raise,arouse完成句子(3)The book has great attention.(4)The sun in the east and sets in the west.(5)Tom is strong enough to the stone.(6)A storm during the night.arise have arisen aroused
12、 rises raise arose 合作探究自主预习1234567892.Well,a lot of people blame the media for encouragement of the paparazzi.哦,很多人因为媒体对狗仔队的鼓励而谴责媒体。考点 blame vt. 责怪,归咎于【高考典句】We tend to blame TV,he says,for problems it doesnt really cause,overlooking our own roles in shaping childrens minds.他说,我们倾向于为不是电视引发的问题而责备它,却忽视
13、我们自己在形成孩子们的思想中所起的作用。Many children are afraid of being blamed for making mistakes in speaking English.许多孩子害怕讲英语时犯错误而受责备。合作探究自主预习123456789Our computer is broken and Father is blaming it on me.我们的电脑坏了,父亲正怪罪我。Neither of the passers-by was to blame for the accidentit was all the drivers fault.两个过路人都无须对该事
14、故负责一切都是司机的错。归纳: blame的常用搭配有:blame sb.for (doing) sth.和blame sth.on sb.,均表示“因(做)某事责备某人”;be to blame for表示“对(坏事)负有责任”,其中不定式用主动形式表被动。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用语法填空(1)Mankind is (blame) for global warming,some top climate scientists said.(2)We all feel it is Jack as well as his wife that (be) to blame for th
15、eir sons bad behaviour at school.翻译句子(3)哪位司机应为本次事故负责?单句改错(4)Tom is to be blamed for the broken vase.to blame is 答案:Which driver is to blame for the accident? 答案:be blamedblame 合作探究自主预习1234567893.Newspapers and magazines are willing to pay high prices for photographs of famous people taken by these s
16、elf-employed photographers.报纸杂志愿意为这些自由职业的摄影师拍摄的名人照片出高价。剖析 句中的过去分词短语“taken by.”作后置定语,修饰“photographs”。考点一 willing adj. 愿意的,乐意的He doesnt work well,but he is always willing.他活儿干得不好,但他总是乐意干。合作探究自主预习123456789【高考典句】He did not compromise easily,but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy
17、cause.他不轻易妥协,但愿意接受为有价值的事业提出的任何建设性的建议。Nothing is impossible to a willing heart.有志者,事竟成。归纳 willing可用作表语或定语等,作表语时的常见结构为be willing to do sth.,意为“乐意做某事”。 考点二 employ vt. 雇用He has no work experience,so at least at this moment we cant employ him.他没有工作经验,所以至少目前我们还不能雇用他。合作探究自主预习123456789(1)派生词:表示人:employee n.
18、 职工,雇员employer n. 雇主,老板表示行为或动作:employment n. 雇用unemployment n.失业The company has 200 employees.这家公司有200名员工。The secretary worked for the employer for 20 years.这个秘书为这个老板工作了20年。The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase it.由于当地政府努力提
19、高就业率,大城市的就业率一直在提高。(2)employ vt. 使用We must employ all possible means to protect the environment.我们必须使用一切可能的方法来保护环境。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用完成句子(1)他们愿意付多少钱?(willing)How much are they ?(2)我随时愿意帮助你。(be willing to)I you at any time.选词填空:employ,employee,employer,employment(3)The manager fired three .(4)Not a
20、ll the graduates can find .(5)Theyre not good .They treat their workers badly.(6)She hasnt been for six months now.willing to pay am willing to help employees employment employers employed 合作探究自主预习1234567894.But sometimes,the paparazzi go too far in their attempt to get the best photographs.但是,有时狗仔队
21、因想拍摄(效果)最好的照片而做得太过分了。考点 attempt n.尝试,努力He didnt succeed,but it was a good attempt.他虽然没有成功,但那是一次很棒的尝试。It is usual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new,so we should not feel discouraged and should try again.我们在第一次尝试某个新事物时会失败是很正常的,所以我们不应感到气馁,应该再试一次。My early attempts at learning to drive
22、 were unsuccessful.我曾经几次打算学开车,却都没有学成。I passed my driving test at the first attempt.我考汽车驾照时一次就通过了。合作探究自主预习123456789attempt vt. 尝试,试图【高考典句】For years researchers have attempted to show that television is dangerous to children.多年来,研究者一直想要证明电视对孩子是有害的。The only people who are never discouraged are people w
23、ho never attempt anything.唯有那些不曾尝试任何事物的人才永远不会有挫败感。They attempted to finish the work within a month.他们试图在一个月内完成这项工作。归纳: attempt用作及物动词时,常接名词、代词或动词不定式作宾语。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用语法填空(1)Shelly had worked hard for her biology examination so that she could be sure of passing it her first attempt.(2)He made s
24、everal unsuccessful (attempt) at getting the car started.at attempts 合作探究自主预习1234567895.But I know there are people who defend the paparazzi.但我知道有人会为狗仔队辩解。剖析 “there are.”是省略引导词that的宾语从句;其中who引导定语从句,修饰先行词“people”。考点 defend vt. 为辩解You must have the courage to defend your ideas in front of your classma
25、tes.你得有勇气在同学们面前为你的观点辩护。When I blamed him for the lies he had told,he just gave excuses to defend himself.当我指责他撒谎时,他就用各种理由来替他自己辩解。归纳:defend sb./sth.为某人/某事辩护合作探究自主预习123456789(1)defend vt. 保卫You have a right to defend yourself from attack.你有权保护自己免受攻击。【高考典句】They help the body defend itself against some
26、kinds of infections.它们帮助身体抵御一些感染。归纳 常用搭配defend.against/from.,表示“保卫免遭”。(2)派生词:defence n. 辩解,辩白;防御,保卫I have to say in her defence that she knew nothing about it beforehand.我得为她说句话,她事先对此事一无所知。Attack is said to be the best form of defence.常言道,攻击是最好的防御。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用翻译句子(1)He made a long speech to
27、 defend his own idea.(2)He had a lawyer to defend him.单句改错(3)He defends from what he has written in his article.句型转换(4)They fought in defence of their country.They fought their country.答案:他做了一篇很长的演讲来为自己的观点辩护。 答案:他有一位辩护律师。 答案:去掉from to defend 合作探究自主预习1234567896.Their argument is that taking photograp
28、hs of famous people is part of the news collecting and reporting process.他们的理由是,拍摄名人照片是收集和报道新闻的一部分。剖析 that引导表语从句,说明“Their argument”的具体内容;从句的主语为短语“taking.people”;“collecting and reporting”则是现在分词短语,作定语修饰“process”。合作探究自主预习123456789考点 argument n. 争论,理由【高考典句】When this happens,the important thing is to tr
29、y not to let a calm discussion turn into a heated argument.当这事发生时,重要的是尽量不要让镇定的讨论变成激烈的争吵。Ive had an argument with my friend.我和朋友吵架了。She broke the vase during an argument with her husband.她在与她的丈夫争吵时打碎了花瓶。Anger is seldom without an argument,but seldom with a good one.生气很少是没有理由的,但很少有充分的理由。归纳: argument表示
30、“争论”时,后面接over/about sth.表示“就而争论”,接with sb.表示“与某人争吵/争论”。 合作探究自主预习123456789辨析:argument和reasonargument=a reason that you give to support your opinion,especially when you are trying to persuade someonereason=something that explains someones actions or feelings,or why a particular situation existsThe arg
31、ument against higher taxation is very simple.反对高额税费的理由很简单。He has to go back to his hometown for family reasons.他因为家庭原因必须回故乡去。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用语法填空(1)The students had argument with their teachers about their uniforms.(2)We had an (argue) with the waiter about the bill.(3)They got an argument with
32、 the driver.(4)The party hopes to win the argument how to reform the health system.(5)They spent hours on argument the planeach other.Of course,no agreement was reached at last.an argument into about about with 合作探究自主预习1234567897.Since then,the law and the public opinion have been less in favour of
33、the paparazzi and their job.从那以后,法律和公众意见就不太支持狗仔队及他们的工作了。考点 in favour of 赞同,支持Are you in favour of his opinion?你赞成他的意见吗?I talked to Susie about the trip,and she was all in favour of going.我跟苏茜谈了旅行的事,她完全同意去。I was not in favour of what is being done here.我并不赞成眼下正在做的这件事情。合作探究自主预习123456789favour用作名词时的相关短
34、语: 合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用用favour的相关短语完成句子(1)She thought jazz has gone ,but actually it is still popular in America.(2)Could you ,please?I cant carry this heavy box.(3)Im all equal pay for equal work.(4)It seems that tennis is not the people in African countries.(5)We havent seen each other for many y
35、ears,so I am quitethe plan that we have a party this weekend.out of favour do me a favour in favour of in favour with in favour of 合作探究自主预习1234567898.Pretending to be a repair man to get into the house of a film star and take pictures of her daily life.假装是修理工,进入一个电影明星的房子,拍摄她日常生活的照片。剖析 本句为省略句。其中不定式短语
36、“to be.”作“pretending”的宾语;“to get into.star”和“take pictures.life”是并列的不定式短语,作目的状语。考点 pretend vt. 假装【高考典句】He would ask who we were and pretend not to know us.他会问我们是谁,并假装不认识我们。He pretended that he was ill so that he could stay at home.他假装生病了,然后就可以待在家里。归纳 pretend后面接不定式或从句作宾语。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用翻译句子(1)D
37、ont pretend to know what you dont know.语法填空(2)He pretended (sleep) when his mother came in.(3)He didnt want to go to school,so he pretended (be) ill.(4)When they talked about the book,he pretended (read) it.答案:不要不懂装懂。 to be sleeping to be to have read 合作探究自主预习1234567899.The media should respect famo
38、us peoples privacy.媒体应该尊重名人的隐私。考点 respect vt.尊敬,尊重The child must be taught to respect the truth and to tell the truth.应该教孩子尊重事实、讲实话。She was respected by her students for her treating them as their children.她因为把学生视如己出而受到他们的尊敬。合作探究自主预习123456789(1)respect n.尊敬,尊重Children should show respect for their p
39、arents.孩子们要尊敬家长。【高考典句】They had little respect for their grandparents.他们很少尊重祖父母。归纳:respect表示“尊敬”时,是不可数名词,show respect for sb.表示“对某人表示尊敬”。合作探究自主预习123456789(2)respect作名词时,还有“方面,着眼点”的意思,常用于一些固定搭配中。in this respect 在这一点上in some/all/many/several/few respects 在某些/各个/许多/几个/极少方面in respect of sth.关于某事物;就某方面而言w
40、ith respect to sth.涉及、提到或关于某事物In what respect do you think the film is attractive?你认为这部影片在哪一方面有吸引力?The book is admirable in respect of style.这本书风格极佳。This is true with respect to English but not to French.这一点对于英语来说属实,而对于法语则不然。合作探究自主预习123456789活学活用同义句转换(每空一词)(1)The students respect their history teacher very much.The students their history teacher.完成句子(2)我们应该尊重食物和生产食物的人。We should and the people who produce it.(3)这两组在收入方面是相似的。The two groups were similar income.语法填空(4)I have the greatest respect your opinion.have/show great respect for respect food in respect of/with respect to for
