1、主主语语表表语语宾宾语语定定语语补补语语状状语语 to do -ing form ppeg.I like skating,but I dont like to skate today. Playing with fire is dangerous. Look out！To play with fire is dangerous.eg.There is no joking about such matters.主语、主语、表语、宾语表语、宾语1. to do 表示具体的动作，表示具体的动作，-ing form表示泛指的动作。表示泛指的动作。2.“there is no +主语”句型中，多用-in
2、g form.eg.He attends the meeting being held in the room now. He attended the meeting held yesterday. He will attend the meeting to be held tomorrow.2.表示被修饰词的内容时， 用to do.eg.She has a strong wish to go to college.1.从时态上看，-ing form表示正在进行的动作 pp表示已经完成的动作，to do表示将来的动作。定语定语eg. I found him cooking supper. I
3、 found supper cooked when I got home. It is true I saw Henry cook supper.-ing form与宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；宾语为主动关系，强调动作正在进行；pp与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；与宾语为被动关系，强调动作已经完成；to do只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。只单纯表示一个事实，强调动作的全过程。补语补语作状语时的区别：作状语时的区别：-ing form,pp表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等表示时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随情况等等,eg.they worked hard to pay fo
4、r the necklace. I went to see him only to find him out. I am glad to see you.to do表示表示1.目的目的; 2.结果结果表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用表示出人预料的情况或结果。常用only强调。强调。 3.原因原因表示造成情感变化的原因。表示造成情感变化的原因。目的目的结果结果原因原因He decided not to do it.He decided not to do it.She wished never to see him again.She wished never to see him again.I
5、 fancy it has done you a lot of good not going.I fancy it has done you a lot of good not going.Not seeing John,I asked where he was.Not seeing John,I asked where he was.Not having done it right, I tried again.Not having done it right, I tried again.-ing form -ing form 与与 pp pp 的区别的区别-ing form-ing fo
6、rm表示主动，正在进行表示主动，正在进行,pp,pp表示被动，已经完成表示被动，已经完成作表语时或定语时，作表语时或定语时，-ing form表示表示“令人令人” ,pp表表示示“感到感到”，常见的有下列感官动词：，常见的有下列感官动词：move ,surprise,astonish,delight,comfort,disappoint,puzzle,frighten下列表示关系的词用下列表示关系的词用EDSeated in(on)坐在坐在 located坐落坐落 stationed驻防驻防 dressed 打扮打扮hidden 藏在藏在related关系关系1.He was hidden u
7、nder the desk.2.Dressed like a lawyer, she came to the court.3.Stationed in Hongkong, a group of PLA men followed HongKong customs.4.Seated at the back of the classroom,he listened to the teacher carefully.5.Located on the seashore, the building looks pretty.1.The story was _,we were all _. A.moving
8、,moving B.moved,moved C.moving,moved D.moved,moving2.There is a _ expression on his face.Maybe the problem is too difficult for him. A.puzzled B.puzzling C.puzzle D.to puzzle3.With his son too_, the father was sad. A.disappointed B.disappointing1.I could feel the wind _ on my face from an open windo
9、w. A.to blow B.blowing C.blown D.to be blowing2.Well meet Mr.Black,_ as a famous scientist. A.knowing B.to be known C.known D.being known3._ more time, we could do it better. A.Giving B.To give C.Given D.To be given4.A young man _ novels came to us yesterday. A.to write B.writing C.written D.wrote5.
10、All the things_,his proposal is of greater value than yours. A.considered B.considering C.consider D.to consider6._Sunday, the students are at home. A.Being B.To be C.It is D.It being.ing forming form的复合结的复合结构构1.形容词性物主代词形容词性物主代词/名词所有格名词所有格+ing form2.代词宾格代词宾格/名词名词+ing form 主语表语 宾语宾语1.Do you mind open
11、ing the door?2.Going there saved us a good deal of trouble.3.Being late again made the teacher angry.Do you mind me/my opening Toms going there saved us a good His being late again made说出说出-ing form-ing form动作的执行者时，须用复合结构动作的执行者时，须用复合结构n1.Sarah,hurry up.I am afraid you wont have time to _ before the
12、party.nA get changed B get changenC get changing D get to changen2.when first _to the market,these products enjoyed great success.nA introducing B introducednC introduce D being introducedn3.”We cannot go out in this weather” said Bob,_ out of window.nA looking B to look C looked D having lookedn4.H
13、elen had to shout _ above the sound of the music.nA making herself hear B to make herself hearnC making herself heard D to make herself heardn5.Reading is an experience quite different from watching TV,there are pictures _ in your mind instead of before your eyes.nA to form B form C forming D having
14、 formedn6.Alice returned from the managers office _ me that the boss wanted to see me at once.nA having told B tells C to tell D tellingn7.It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss.nA questioning B having questionednC questioned D to be questionedn8.My advisor encoura
15、ged _ a summer course to improve my writing skills.nA for me taking B me takingnC for me take C me to taken9.He looked around and caught a man_ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.nA put B to be putting C to put D puttingn10.According to a recent US survey,children spend up to 25 hours a week_TV
16、.nA to watch B to watching nC watching D watchn11.The flowers_ sweet in the botanic garden attract the visitors to the beauty of nature.nA to smell B smellingnC smelt D to be smeltn12.Dont leave the water _ while you brush your teeth.nA run B running nC being run D to runn13.Laws that punish parents for their little childrens actions against the laws get parents_.nA worried B to worry nC worrying D worry
