1、1. drama (n.)2. imagery (n.)3. mood (n.)4. nursery (n.)5. shelf (n.)6. core (n.)7. amateur (n.&adj.)8. sympathy (n.)9. await (vt.)10. recite (vt.)11. seed (n.)12. deadline (n.)戏；剧；戏剧艺术戏；剧；戏剧艺术意象意象情绪；心情；语气情绪；心情；语气托儿所；保育室托儿所；保育室架子；搁板架子；搁板核心；精髓；核心；精髓；( (水果的水果的) )核儿核儿业余爱好者；业余的业余爱好者；业余的同情；赞同同情；赞同等候；期待等候；
2、期待背诵；吟诵背诵；吟诵种子；起源；萌芽种子；起源；萌芽最后期限；截止日期最后期限；截止日期1. drama (n.)2. imagery (n.)3. mood (n.)4. nursery (n.)5. shelf (n.)6. core (n.)情绪；心情；语气情绪；心情；语气戏；剧；戏剧艺术戏；剧；戏剧艺术形象的描述；意象；像形象的描述；意象；像架子；搁板架子；搁板核心；精髓；核心；精髓；( (水果的水果的) )核儿核儿托儿所；保育室托儿所；保育室7. amateur (n.&adj.)8. sympathy (n.)9. await (vt.)10. recite (vt.)11.
3、seed (n.)12. deadline (n.)同情；赞同同情；赞同业余爱好者；业余的业余爱好者；业余的背诵；吟诵背诵；吟诵等候；期待等候；期待最后期限；截止日期最后期限；截止日期种子；起源；萌芽种子；起源；萌芽13. tease (vi.&vt.)14. sorrow (n.&vi.)15. rhyme (n.&v.)16. format (n.&vt.)17. contest (n.&vt.)18. polish (n.&vt.)19. dawn (n.)20. literary (adj.)21. folk (adj.)22. respective (adj.)23. innocen
4、t (adj.)24. delicate (adj.)取笑；揶揄；逗弄取笑；揶揄；逗弄悲伤；感到悲伤悲伤；感到悲伤押韵词；押韵词；( (使使) )押韵押韵格式；版式格式；版式比赛；争取赢得比赛；争取赢得( (比赛比赛) )上光剂；修改；抛光上光剂；修改；抛光黎明；开端；萌芽黎明；开端；萌芽文学的；爱好文学的文学的；爱好文学的民间的；民俗的民间的；民俗的分别的；各自的分别的；各自的天真无邪的；无辜的天真无邪的；无辜的精美的；精致的；脆弱的精美的；精致的；脆弱的13. tease (vi.&vt.)14. sorrow (n.&vi.)15. rhyme (n.&v.)16. format (n.
5、&vt.)17. contest (n.&vt.)18. polish (n.&vt.)押韵词；押韵词；( (使使) )押韵押韵格式；格式化格式；格式化比赛；争取赢得比赛；争取赢得( (比赛比赛) )上光剂；修改；抛光上光剂；修改；抛光取笑；揶揄；逗弄取笑；揶揄；逗弄悲伤；感到悲伤悲伤；感到悲伤19. dawn (n.)20. literary (adj.)21. folk (adj.)22. respective (adj.)23. innocent (adj.)24. delicate (adj.)文学的；爱好文学的文学的；爱好文学的民间的；民俗的民间的；民俗的分别的；各自的分别的；各自的
6、黎明；开端；萌芽黎明；开端；萌芽精美的；精致的；脆弱的精美的；精致的；脆弱的天真无邪的；无辜的天真无邪的；无辜的. 在括号里写出在括号里写出红色红色单词在句中的含义单词在句中的含义1. The poor girl disguised her sorrow() beneath a cheerful appearance. 2. The imagery() in poetry is drawn from the actual life.3. Literary( ) works of this kind are well received by the masses.4. The words “lo
7、ng” and “song” rhyme(). 5. The nursery( ) is bright and colourful, with plenty of toys.6. Chicken soup is a popular folk( ) cure for the common cold.7. Not only did she recite() a long poem, but she also sang a beautiful song.8. They continued the search at dawn().9. As an amateur( ), he finds great
8、 amusement in playing basketball.10. Im just in the mood() for a movie tonight.11. When I was a child, my brothers used to tease() me a lot.12. They have brought out the magazine in a new format().13. Their sons, Ben and Johnathan, were three and six respectively().14. Large dams have harmed Siberia
9、s delicate( ) ecological balance.15. His latest novel is eagerly awaited().悲伤悲伤意象意象文学的文学的押韵押韵托儿所托儿所民间的民间的背诵背诵黎明黎明业余爱好者业余爱好者心情心情取笑取笑版式版式分别分别脆弱的脆弱的期待期待1. _ (n.) 1. _ (n.) 戏；剧；戏剧艺术戏；剧；戏剧艺术 _ (adj.) _ (adj.) 戏剧的；剧烈的；显著的戏剧的；剧烈的；显著的 dramatically dramatically （adv.adv.） 戏剧地；剧烈地；明显地戏剧地；剧烈地；明显地2. _ (n.&vi.)
10、2. _ (n.&vi.) 悲伤；感到悲伤悲伤；感到悲伤 sorrowful (adj.) sorrowful (adj.) 悲伤的悲伤的 _ (adv.) _ (adv.) 悲伤地悲伤地3. _ (n.&v.) 3. _ (n.&v.) 押韵词；押韵词；( (使使) )押韵押韵 _ (n.) _ (n.) 节奏；韵律；规律节奏；韵律；规律 4. respective (adj.) 4. respective (adj.) 分别的；各自的分别的；各自的 _ (adv.) _ (adv.) 分别；各自；依次为分别；各自；依次为5. delicate (adj.) 5. delicate (adj
11、.) 精美的；精致的；脆弱的精美的；精致的；脆弱的 _ (adv.) _ (adv.) 精致地；优美地精致地；优美地6. sympathy (n.)6. sympathy (n.)同情；赞同同情；赞同 sympathetic (adj.) sympathetic (adj.)同情的；有同情心的同情的；有同情心的 _ (adv.) _ (adv.)怜悯地怜悯地 sympathise (vi.) sympathise (vi.)同情同情dramadramaticsorrowsorrowfullyrhymerhythmrespectivelysympatheticallydelicately7. i
12、nnocence (n.) 7. innocence (n.) 天真；单纯；无罪天真；单纯；无罪 _ (adj.) _ (adj.) 天真无邪的；无辜的天真无邪的；无辜的 _ _ （adv.adv.）单纯地；无罪地）单纯地；无罪地8. 8. correspondence (n.) correspondence (n.) 来往信件；通信联系来往信件；通信联系 _ (vi.) _ (vi.) 相一致；符合；相当于；通信相一致；符合；相当于；通信 _ (adj.) _ (adj.) 相当的；一致的相当的；一致的9. variation (n.) 9. variation (n.) 变化；变体；变奏曲
13、变化；变体；变奏曲 _ (vi.&vt.) _ (vi.&vt.) 变化；改变变化；改变 _ (adj.) _ (adj.) 可变的；易变的可变的；易变的 _ (n.) _ (n.) 多样化；变化多样化；变化 10. race (n.) 10. race (n.) 人种，种族；赛跑人种，种族；赛跑 _ (adj.) _ (adj.) 种族的；人种的种族的；人种的innocentinnocentlycorrespondcorrespondingvaryvariousvarietyracial灵活运用：灵活运用：1. The number of homeless people has increa
14、sed _ (dramatical). 2. I am convinced of her _ (innocent). 3. We are aware that it is used to add emotion and _ (rhyme).4. _ (race) tension finally boiled over in the inner city riots.5. There are _ (vary) types of the disease.6. Their sons were three and six _ (respective).7. She was very _ (sorrow
15、) when her beauty company caught fire.dramaticallyinnocencerhythmRacialvariousrespectivelysorrowful1. express 表达自己表达自己 2. rhyme 童谣童谣 3. _ songs 民歌民歌 4. make 讲得通讲得通, 有道理有道理 5. be up of 由由组成组成(构成构成) 6. of 由由组成组成(构成构成) 7. be popular 流行流行,受受欢迎欢迎 8. particular 尤其尤其,特别特别 9. be into 被翻译成被翻译成 10. be into 被转
16、变成被转变成 oneselfnurseryfolksensemadeconsistwithintranslatedtransformed语法感知语 法 导 学感悟规律 重点难点剖析感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题感知以下课文原句，补全方框下的小题(1)There are various reasons why people compose poetry.(2)Some of the first poems a young child learns in English are nursery rhymes.(3)One of the simplest kinds of poem is the
17、 “list poem”，which contains a list of things，people，ideas，or descriptions that develop a particular theme.(4)List poems have a flexible line length and repeated phrases which give both a pattern and a rhythm to the poem.(5)Another simple form of poem that amateurs can easily write is the cinquain，wh
18、ich is made up of five lines.(6)Haiku is a Japanese form of poetry that consists of 17 syllables.(7)The haiku poem on the right is a translation from Japanese，which shows a moment in the life of a delicate butterfly.1.在上述句子中，句在上述句子中，句(1)、(2)、(4)，句，句(5)的第一处加颜色部分和句的第一处加颜色部分和句(6)是是 定语定语从句；句从句；句(3)的加颜色部
19、分和句的加颜色部分和句(5)的第二处加颜色部分的第二处加颜色部分是是 定语定语从句。从句。2.句句(2)中省略了定语从句的关系词。中省略了定语从句的关系词。3.句句(1)中中是是 引导引导定语从句；句定语从句；句(3)、(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)都是都是_ 引导引导定语从句。定语从句。限制性限制性非限制性非限制性关系副词关系副词关系关系代词代词语法精析4.在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。在复合句中，修饰某一名词、代词或整个主句的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词叫被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词，连接先行词和定语从句的词
20、叫关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在关系词。关系词的主要作用是连接主句和从句，同时指代先行词，并在从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关从句中充当一定的句子成分。关系词分为关系代词和关系副词两种，关系代词有系代词有that，which，who，whom，whose等；关系副词有等；关系副词有when，where，why。一、关系代词的用法一、关系代词的用法The person that/who tricked me was one of my classmates.The old man (that/whom) the girl had tr
21、icked was my grandfather.The gold medal (that/which) she won has been given to her old school.The woman (that/whom) I read about in the newspaper has just won a gold medal.This is the person whose story surprised everybody.Such reasons as we give can persuade him to give up this foolish plan.关系关系代词代
22、词that指物和人指物和人在从句中作主语或在从句中作主语或宾语宾语which指物指物在从句中作主语或在从句中作主语或宾语宾语who指人指人在从句中作主语或在从句中作主语或宾语宾语whom在从句中作宾语在从句中作宾语whose指人和物指人和物 在从句中作定语在从句中作定语as指人指人/物物在从句中作主语在从句中作主语探究总结探究总结温馨提示温馨提示 1.用用that不用不用which的情况的情况(1)当先行词是当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等等不定代词不定代词时。时。All that can be d
23、one has been done.一切能做的都已经做完了。一切能做的都已经做完了。(2)当先行词被当先行词被all，every，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。等修饰时。Music is the only thing that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。(3)当先行词是当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。This is the most interesting
24、 story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。(4)当先行词中当先行词中既有人又有物既有人又有物时。时。She described in her composition the people and places that impressed her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。2.用用which不用不用that的情况的情况(1)关系代词前有介词时。关系代词前有介词时。The house in which I used to live has bec
25、ome a shoe shop.我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。(2)在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。Have you ever read the book，which was written by a young girl?你曾读过一个年轻女孩写的这本书吗？你曾读过一个年轻女孩写的这本书吗？即学即练. .单句语法填空单句语法填空1. It is the most interesting book he has ever read.2. She is the only one of the children is good at music he
26、re.3. That evening，I ended up working very late，_ I will tell you more about later. 4. The first place she visited in China was the History Museum.5. Anyone has helped to save the old man is worth praising.6. Maria has written two novels，both of_ have been made into television series.thatthatthatwho
27、whichwhich二、关系副词引导的定语从句二、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的指代及功能关系副词的指代及功能关系副词关系副词先行词先行词功能功能 when表示时间的名词表示时间的名词时间状语时间状语 where表示地点的名词表示地点的名词地点状语地点状语 why reason原因状语原因状语I still remember the time when I first traveled by plane.我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。我仍然记得第一次坐飞机旅行的时候。Id like to live in the house where there is plenty of sunshi
28、ne.我喜欢住在那个阳光充足的房子里。我喜欢住在那个阳光充足的房子里。Can you tell me the reason why you didnt come to his birthday party?你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？你能告诉我你没参加他的生日宴会的原因吗？Do you remember the days when we chatted with each other all night?Do you remember the days that/which we spent together on the farm?I dont know the reason w
29、hy he didnt turn to his good friend for help yesterday.I wont listen to the reason that/which you have given us.【探究总结】表示表示时间、地点及原因时间、地点及原因的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用的名词作先行词时，定语从句可用关系代词关系代词引引导，也可用导，也可用关系副词关系副词引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用引导。若先行词在定语从句中作状语，应用_；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用；若先行词在定语从句中作主语或宾语，则应用_。关系副词关系副词关系代词关系代词即学即练1
30、. There was a time _ I became dizzy at the thought of study.2. She worked in Japan for a few years _ she taught English.3. The reason _ he was absent from the important meeting was _ he was ill in hospital. 4. It is believed that Autumn is a time _ farmers harvest their crops and enjoy their harvest
31、s.5. The day _ we once spent having a remarkable picnic will be kept in our heart forever.whywhenthatwhenwherewhich/that(1)Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.(2)This is the camera with which he often takes photos.(3)The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about th
32、e accident.(4)The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.(5)I have about 10 books，half of which were written by Mo Yan.三、三、“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句1.当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用当关系代词在定语从句中作介词的宾语时，我们通常用“_“_”引导定语从句。如果指引导定语从句。如果指“人人”，用，用“介词介词_”；如果指；如果指“物物”，用，用“介介词词_”；关系代词有时也用；关系代词有
33、时也用whose(作定语作定语)。介词介词关系代词关系代词whomwhich(1)Yesterday we visited the West Lake for which Hangzhou is famous.(2)This is the camera with which he often takes photos.(3)The boss in whose company Mr King worked heard about the accident.(4)The colorless gas without which we cannot live is called oxygen.(5)I
34、 have about 10 books，half of which were written by Mo Yan.三、三、“介词关系代词介词关系代词”引导的定语从句引导的定语从句2.选用介词的依据：选用介词的依据：1)根据定语从句中根据定语从句中_,如句（如句（1）2)根据先行词的搭配习惯根据先行词的搭配习惯,如句如句_和和_.3)根据句子的意思来选择根据句子的意思来选择,如句如句_.4)表示表示“所有所有”关系或关系或“整体中的一部分整体中的一部分”时，通常用介词时，通常用介词_.23谓语动词的搭配习惯谓语动词的搭配习惯(即固定短语即固定短语)4of即“一动二行三意四of”温馨提示温馨提示
35、 在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如在定语从句中，有一些含介词的动词短语不可拆开使用，如look after，look for等不能把介词移至等不能把介词移至which或或whom之前。之前。The babies whom the nurses are looking after are very healthy.(正正)The babies after whom the nurses are looking are very healthy.(误误)即学即练 ( )1. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a numb
36、er of factors, _ are beyond our control.A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that ( )2. The man _ you shook hands just now is our headmaster.A. who B. that C. with whom D. to whom( )3. Recently I bought a beautiful car, _ was reasonable. A. of which price B. the price of whose
37、 C. the price of which D. which priceBCC即学即练1. The athletes _ _ he will compete come from Greece and Czech Republic.2. Hell never forget the day _ _ he was admitted to the Olympic Games for the first time. 3.The musicians _ _ we have great interest toured Europe with us.4. The sun gives us heat and
38、light, _ _ we cant live.withwhomon whichinwhomwithoutwhich四、非限制性定语从句四、非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句非限制性定语从句和主句的关系不是十分密切，只是对先行词或主句做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往做些附加说明，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然完整。这种从句和主句之间往往用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系用逗号分开。引导非限制性定语从句的关系词与引导限制性定语从句的关系词略有不同。词略有不同。除除that和和why不能引导非限制
39、性定语从句外，其他都可以不能引导非限制性定语从句外，其他都可以。He is English，which I know from his accent.他是英国人，我通过他的口音知道这一点。他是英国人，我通过他的口音知道这一点。I heard a terrible noise，which brought my heart into my mouth.我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。我听到了一个可怕的声音，这使我非常害怕。即学即练1. _is reported in the newspaper, the frequent school bus accidents have caused t
40、he whole countrys concern. 2Mr. Smith owned this oil painting until the early 1990s, _ he gave it to his grandson. 3Many lessons are now available online, from _ students can choose for free. 4.Jim passed the driving test,_surprised everybody in the office. Aswhenwhichwhich语法感知(1)Wed like to know th
41、e reason why / for which she didnt accept the job.(2)There is another reason that / which is more important. (3)People liked the way (that / in which) he wrote, so he went on writing.(4)Their youngest child is at the stage where she can say individual words but not full sentences.(5)You could get in
42、to a situation where you have to decide immediately.(6)I can remember very few occasions when he had to cancel our trips.五、五、特殊先行词后的定语从句特殊先行词后的定语从句1.先行词是先行词是reason时，如果关系词在从句中作时，如果关系词在从句中作_，用，用_引导；引导；关系词在从句中作关系词在从句中作_或或_，用，用_引导。引导。2.先行词是表示方式的先行词是表示方式的way时，定语从句可用时，定语从句可用_引导，也可引导，也可_。状语状语why/for which主
43、语主语宾语宾语that/whichthat/in which省略省略语法感知(1)Wed like to know the reason why / for which she didnt accept the job.(2)There is another reason that / which is more important. (3)People liked the way (that / in which) he wrote, so he went on writing.(4)Their youngest child is at the stage where she can say
44、 individual words but not full sentences.(5)You could get into a situation where you have to decide immediately.(6)I can remember very few occasions when he had to cancel our trips.五、五、特殊先行词后的定语从句特殊先行词后的定语从句3.先行词是先行词是stage, position, situation, atmosphere,case，situation，condition，job，career，point 等有
45、地点含义的抽象名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语等有地点含义的抽象名词，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，用时，用_引导。引导。4.先行词是先行词是occasion时，一般要用时，一般要用_引导定语从句。引导定语从句。3wherewhen即学即练. .单句语法填空单句语法填空1.He is the man has offered some useful advice.2.The building doors are white is an office building.3. The man _ you met just now is my old friend.whom/who/thatwho/t
46、hatwhose温馨提示温馨提示 1.用用that不用不用which的情况的情况(1)当先行词是当先行词是all，little，much，something，anything，everything，nothing，some等等不定代词不定代词时。时。All that can be done has been done.一切能做的都已经做完了。一切能做的都已经做完了。(2)当先行词被当先行词被all，every，some，any，little，much，the only，the very，the right，the last，just等修饰时。等修饰时。Music is the only thi
47、ng that interests me.音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。音乐是唯一令我感兴趣的东西。(3)当先行词是当先行词是序数词、形容词最高级序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。This is the most interesting story that I have ever read.这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。这是我曾经读过的最有趣的故事。(4)当先行词中当先行词中既有人又有物既有人又有物时。时。She described in her composition the people and places that impressed
48、her most.她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。她在作文中描述了令她印象最深刻的一些人和地方。2.用用which不用不用that的情况的情况(1)关系代词前有介词时。关系代词前有介词时。The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。我过去住的房子现在变成了一家鞋店。(2)在非限制性定语从句中。在非限制性定语从句中。Have you ever read the book，which was written by a young girl?你曾读过一个年轻女孩写的这本书吗？你曾读过
49、一个年轻女孩写的这本书吗？即学即练. .单句语法填空单句语法填空1. It is the most interesting book he has ever read.2. She is the only one of the children is good at music here.3. That evening，I ended up working very late，_ I will tell you more about later. 4. The first place she visited in China was the History Museum.5. Anyone h
50、as helped to save the old man is worth praising.6. Maria has written two novels，both of_ have been made into television series.thatthatthatwhowhichwhich二、关系副词引导的定语从句二、关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词的指代及功能关系副词的指代及功能关系副词关系副词先行词先行词功能功能 when表示时间的名词表示时间的名词时间状语时间状语 where表示地点的名词表示地点的名词地点状语地点状语 why reason原因状语原因状语I still r
