1、Words and ExpressionLifestyleHealthyReading健康是最大的财富。健康是最大的财富。Reading Comprehension.明主旨大意What is the text mainly about?AHow teenagers make a choice.BHow teenagers feel relaxed.CHow teenagers change their bad habits.DHow teenagers become more independent.知层次结构 Match the main idea with each part.Part (
2、Para.1)_Part (Paras.24)_Part (Para.5)_ Part (Paras.67)_AThe cause of bad habits.B. The time when bad habits form.CChange bad habits slowly.DTo adapt bad habits.CADB. Read the text on Pages 1415 carefully and then choose the best answer.1What should teenagers first do to prevent harmful habits from d
3、ominating their life?AStay away from bad habits.BRecognise bad habits.CThink out ways to get rid of them.DChange themselves.2Why is changing bad habits NOT easy?ABecause bad habits are more suitable for some people.BBecause bad habits are formed on their own initiative.CBecause bad habits are easier
4、 to form.DBecause it takes a long time for bad habits to be changed.3What is the habit cycle?ARoutinecuereward.BRewardcueroutine.CCueroutinereward.DCuerewardroutine.4To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, which of the following is WRONG?ADrop the bad habits at once.BCombine the informati
5、on from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas.CUse the habit cycles to create good habits.DExamine our bad habit cycles and try to adapt them. Language PointsHABITS FOR A HEALTHY LIFESTYLEAs teenagers grow up, they become more independent and start making their own decisions. 随着青少年的成长，他们变得更加独
6、立,并开始自己做决定。independentadj.独立的独立的independencen独立性，自主独立性，自主make a decision 做决定做决定时间状语时间状语宾语宾语startto dodoingHowever, during this period, it can be easy for some of them to form bad habits. 然而，在这段时间里，他们中的一些人很容易养成坏习惯。n. 一段时间，时期；（人生或国家历史的）阶段，一段时间，时期；（人生或国家历史的）阶段，时代；课时，节；（妇女的）月经，经期时代；课时，节；（妇女的）月经，经期形式主语形式
7、主语真正的主语真正的主语form v. （使）（关系、习惯或想法）（使）（关系、习惯或想法）形成；构成形成；构成，是是的组成部分；的组成部分；陶冶，培养；组织，建立陶冶，培养；组织，建立n. 表，表，表格表格；类别，；类别，种类种类；形状，；形状，外形外形；体形；体形These bad habits, if left unchecked, could lead to more serious ones when they become adults.如果放任不管,在他们长大后这些坏习惯可能会导致更严重的后果。adj.不加约束的；不受限制的；放任的不加约束的；不受限制的；放任的lead to 导
8、致；导致；通向通向(to是介词是介词)条件状从条件状从(they are)For example, some of them may become involved in tobacco or alcohol abuse, which can lead to physical and mental health problems. 例如，有些青少年会沉溺于烟酒不能自拔，造成生理和心理问题。例如例如such as ; for instance be/become involved in 参与参与；卷入；卷入 非限定非限定physically adv.身体上地身体上地To prevent harm
9、ful habits like these from dominating a teenagers life is essential. They must learn to recognise bad habits early and make appropriate changes.防止像这样的坏习惯支配青少年的生活是至关重要的。他们必须学会及早发现坏习惯，并做出适当的改变。不定式短语作主语不定式短语作主语dominate v. 控制，支配，占有优势控制，支配，占有优势做出适当的改变做出适当的改变To change bad habits is never easy, even with m
10、any attempts. There is a famous saying based on the philosophy of Aristotle: “We are what we repeatedly do ” 改变坏习惯从来都不是一件容易的事，即使尝试很多次。有一句基于亚里士多德哲学思想的名言：“重复的行为造就了我们。”不定式短语作主语不定式短语作主语n& v企图；尝试企图；尝试make an attempt to do sth.attempt to do sth.企图做某事企图做某事以以为基础，基于为基础，基于v-ed后置定语后置定语表从，表从，what在从句中做在从句中做do的宾语
11、的宾语In many ways, our lifestyle is the sum of choices we have made. We make a choice to do something, and then we repeat it over and over again. 在很多方面，我们的生活方式是我们做出的选择的总和。我们选择做某事，然后我们一遍又一遍地重复它。一再地；反复不断地一再地；反复不断地vt. 重复重复做一个选择做一个选择定从定从that/which不定式短语作后置定语不定式短语作后置定语Soon that choice becomes automatic and
12、forms a habit that is much harder to change. The good news is that we can change, if we understand how habits work很快，这种选择就变成了自动的，并形成一种较难改变的习惯。好消息是如果我们了解习惯是如何运作的，我们就可以改变。adj.自动的；无意识的；机械的自动的；无意识的；机械的表从表从条件状语从句条件状语从句According to modern psychology，we must first learn about the “habit cycle” , which work
13、s like this：l Firstly, there is a “cue”, an action, event, or situation that acts as a signal to do something. 根据现代心理学，我们必须首先了解“习惯环”，它是这样运作的：l第一，有一个“暗示”，即有一个动作、事件或情况作为做某事的信号。据据所说，根据所说，根据报道；取决于，报道；取决于，以以为转移；根据，依照为转移；根据，依照 （原则等）（原则等）非限定非限定同位语，对同位语，对cue的内容的内容进行解释说明进行解释说明定从定从担任担任充当充当一个做某事的信号一个做某事的信号Seco
14、ndly, there is a “routine”， the regular action you take in response to the cue.Thirdly, there is the “reward”， the good thing or feeling we get from the routine.第二，形成“惯例”，即你根据暗示采取的有规律的行动。第三，有“奖励”，即我们从惯例中得到的好处或感觉。n常规；惯例常规；惯例 adj.常规的常规的in response to 回答；答复回答；答复make a response to对对做出回应做出回应/反应反应For exam
15、ple, when we feel unhappy (cue), we eat lots of unhealthy snacks (routine), which makes us feel happy (reward). 例如，当我们感到不快乐(暗示)时，我们会吃很多不健康的零食(惯例)，这让我们感到快乐(奖励)。非限定非限定The reward makes us much more likely to continue the cycle, and the bad habit of relying on unhealthy snacks is formed.奖励使我们更有可能继续这样的循环
16、，继而养成了依赖不健康零食的坏习惯。make宾语宾语补足语宾语宾语补足语依赖；依靠；信赖依赖；依靠；信赖To facilitate a positive change in our bad habits, we must first examine our bad habit cycles and then try to adapt them. We can do this by combining the information from our habit cycles with our own positive ideas. 想要促使不良习惯朝着积极的方向转化，我们必须首先审视自己的坏习
17、惯环，然后尽力去调整。我们可以通过将习惯环的信息与自己的积极想法结合来做到这一点。促进；促使；使便利促进；促使；使便利adapt vt.使适应；改编使适应；改编 adapt to. 适应适应combine with 把把和和结合起来结合起来不定式短语作目的状语不定式短语作目的状语For example, we could try to replace a negative routine with something more positive. So, when we feel unhappy again (cue), rather than eat snacks, we could lis
18、ten to some of our favourite music instead (routine), which will make us feel relaxed (reward). 例如，我们可以试着用更积极的事情来代替消极的惯例。所以，当我们再次感到不开心(暗示)时，别吃零食，我们可以听一些我们最喜欢的音乐(惯例)来代替，这将使我们感到放松(奖励)。尝试做某事尝试做某事replace with 用用代替代替非限定非限定adv. 代替，反而代替，反而省略省略to的动词不定式的动词不定式宾补宾补Aside from changing bad habits, we can also us
19、e the habit cycle to create good habits. For example, when we come to an escalator (cue), our normal routine is to ride it, but we could change this routine into something more positive by taking the stairs instead.除了改变坏习惯，我们还可以利用习惯环来创造好习惯。例如，当我们遇到自动扶梯(暗示)时，我们通常的做法是乘坐自动扶梯，但我们可以通过走楼梯来改变这种惯例，使之变为更积极的事
20、情。除除以外以外不定式短语作目的状语不定式短语作目的状语不定式短语作表语不定式短语作表语Many of us try to change bad habits quickly, and if we are not successful straight away, we often become pessimistic and give up. 我们中的许多人都试图迅速改变坏习惯，如果不能马上成功，我们经常会变得悲观并放弃。立即，马上立即，马上条件状从条件状从放弃放弃In fact, the most successful way to change is not suddenly, but
21、over a period of time. As the Chinese philosopher Lao Zi wrote, “A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”事实上，最成功的改变方式不是一蹴而就的，而是要经过一段时间。正如中国哲学家老子所说：“千里之行，始于足下千里之行，始于足下。”事实上，实际上事实上，实际上way to do sth 做某事的方式或方法做某事的方式或方法定从定从先行词是后面的主句内容，先行词是后面的主句内容，as在从句中作动词在从句中作动词wrote的宾语的宾语One step seems
22、 small, but it is essential. To reach the goal of change, a person must show some discipline and repeatedly take many small steps. After all, it is not easy to break bad habits一步看起来很小，却是至关重要的。为了达到改变的目标，一个人必须表现出一定的自制力，并不断小步前进。毕竟毕竟，改掉坏习惯并非易事。adj. 必不可少的，非常必不可少的，非常重要的；基本的重要的；基本的达到目标达到目标形式主语形式主语不定式短语作真正的
23、主语不定式短语作真正的主语不定式短语作目的状语不定式短语作目的状语For young people, there is plenty of time to change bad habits. 对于年轻人来说，有足够的时间来改变坏习惯。不定式短语作定语不定式短语作定语大量，很多大量，很多(可以接可数名词可以接可数名词复数，也可以接不可数名词复数，也可以接不可数名词)However, there is no “magic pill” or delete button that will help you; you have to think about your bad habits and decide on some changes. 然而，没有可以帮助你的“神奇药丸”或删除按钮；你必须考虑一下你的坏习惯并决定做出一些改变。然而然而删除键删除键决定，选定决定，选定You have the power to build a happy and healthy life full of good habits!你有能力创造一个充满良好习惯、快乐而又健康的生活！形容词短语作后置定语形容词短语作后置定语Hope you have a healthy life!Thanks for listening!
