1、2022-6-210焊缝检验知识培训焊缝检验知识培训2022-6-211焊接缺欠分类-ISO65202022-6-212缺欠种类 种类1:裂纹Cracks 种类2:气孔Cavities 种类3:夹杂Solid inclusions 种类4:未熔合与未焊透Lack of fusion and penetration 种类5:外形及尺寸缺陷(几何缺陷)Imperfect shape and dimensions 种类6:混合(多重、其它)缺陷Miscellaneous imperfections2022-6-213 101:纵向裂纹Longitudinal crack 缺陷代号种类1:裂纹Crac
2、ks2022-6-214种类1:裂纹Cracks 102:横向裂纹 Transverse crack2022-6-215种类1:裂纹Cracks 103:辐射状裂纹辐射状裂纹 Radiating cracks2022-6-216 104:弧坑裂纹 Crater crack种类1:裂纹Cracks2022-6-217种类1:裂纹Cracks 105:团组裂纹团组裂纹Group of disconnected cracks2022-6-218种类1:裂纹Cracks 106:分支裂纹分支裂纹 Branching cracks2022-6-219种类2:气孔Cavities 201:气孔:气孔 20
3、11:单个气孔单个气孔 Gas pore2022-6-2110种类2:气孔Cavities 2012:密集气孔密集气孔 Uniformly distributed porosity2022-6-2111种类2:气孔Cavities 2013:网状气孔网状气孔Clustered (localized) porosity2022-6-2112种类2:气孔Cavities 2014:线状气孔线状气孔 Linear porosity2022-6-2113种类2:气孔Cavities 2015:条状气孔(气道)条状气孔(气道) Elongated cavity2022-6-2114种类2:气孔Cavit
4、ies 2016:条虫状气孔条虫状气孔 Worm-hole2022-6-2115种类2:气孔Cavities 2017:表面气孔表面气孔 Surface pore2022-6-2116种类2:气孔Cavities 202:缩孔 2021晶间收缩晶间收缩 Interdendritic shrinkage2022-6-2117种类2:气孔Cavities 2024:弧坑孔穴 Crater pipe2022-6-2118种类2:气孔Cavities 2025:收弧孔穴收弧孔穴 End crater pipe2022-6-2119种类3:固体夹杂Solid inclusions 300:夹渣夹渣Sla
5、g inclusion3011线状夹渣:Linear3012单个夹渣:isolated 2022-6-2120种类3:固体夹杂Solid inclusions 3014网状夹渣clustered2022-6-2121其它夹杂 302焊剂夹杂焊剂夹杂Flux inclusion 303氧化物夹杂氧化物夹杂Oxide inclusion 304金属物夹杂金属物夹杂Metallic inclusion(钨夹杂钨夹杂tungsten、铜夹杂、铜夹杂copper、其它金属夹杂other metal)2022-6-2122种类4:未熔合与未焊透Lack of fusion and penetration
6、400:未熔合未熔合/Lack of fusion 未熔合通常表现为焊丝熔化、母材未未熔合通常表现为焊丝熔化、母材未熔化、或是同一焊缝上一侧母材熔化,另一侧母材未熔化而形成的焊接接头。熔化、或是同一焊缝上一侧母材熔化,另一侧母材未熔化而形成的焊接接头。 (不完全熔合不完全熔合incomplete fusion)4011:侧边未熔合lack of side wall fusion4012:内部层间未熔合lack of inter-run fusion多道间未熔合2022-6-2123种类4:未熔合与未焊透 未熔合未熔合/Lack of fusion 4013:根部未熔合lack of root
7、fusion.2022-6-2124种类4:未熔合与未焊透 402:Lack of penetration (incomplete penetration)实际熔深名义/要求的熔深2022-6-2125种类4:未熔合与未焊透实际熔深名义/要求的熔深2022-6-2126种类4:未熔合与未焊透实际熔深名义/要求的熔深2022-6-2127种类4:未熔合与未焊透4021:根部未焊透根部未焊透Incomplete root penetration2022-6-2128种类4:未熔合与未焊透403:Spiking 形成尖峰状形成尖峰状 Extremely non-uniform penetration
8、occuring in electron beam and laserwelding giving a sawtooth appearance.This may include cavities,cracks, shrinkages etc.相当不一致的焊透发生在电波和激光焊接中,呈现出锯齿的样子,也许包括洞穴、裂纹、收缩等等2022-6-2129种类5:形状及尺寸偏差(几何缺欠)Imperfect shape and dimensions 501:咬边咬边Undercut 5011:连续咬边连续咬边Continuous undercut2022-6-2130种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 5012:
9、Intermittent undercut间歇咬边间歇咬边2022-6-2131种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 5013:根部或坡口缩孔根部或坡口缩孔 Shrinkage groove2022-6-2132种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 5014: Inter run undercut 层间层间咬边 (interpass undercut)中间咬边2022-6-2133种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 5015:层间间断咬边层间间断咬边 Local intermittent undercut2022-6-2134种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 502余高过高余高过高 Excess weld metal2022-6-2135种类
10、5:形状及尺寸偏差 503焊缝太凸焊缝太凸 Excessive convexity凸面凸面2022-6-2136种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 504:下塌下塌Excess penetration 5043:熔透熔透Melt through2022-6-2137种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 505:不规则焊趾不规则焊趾Incorrect weld toe2022-6-2138种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 506:搭边搭边overlap 5061:盖面搭边盖面搭边Toe overlap 5062:根部搭边根部搭边Root overlap2022-6-2139种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 507:错边:错边Between
11、5071:板与板错边板与板错边 Between plates 5072:管与管错边管与管错边 between tubes2022-6-2140种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 508:角度错边角度错边Angular misalignment2022-6-2141种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 509:焊缝下沉焊缝下沉Sagging 5091:水平位置上下沉水平位置上下沉 5093:角焊缝下沉角焊缝下沉2022-6-2142种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 509:焊缝下沉:焊缝下沉Sagging 5092:平面或顶部下沉平面或顶部下沉 5093:焊缝边缘熔化下沉焊缝边缘熔化下沉2022-6-2143种类5:形状及尺寸偏差
12、 510:烧穿烧穿Burn through2022-6-2144种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 511:未焊满未焊满Incompletely filled groove2022-6-2145种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 512:单边:单边Excessive asymmetry of fillet2022-6-2146种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 515:根部凹陷根部凹陷Root concavity2022-6-2147种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 517:接头不良接头不良Poor restart 5171:盖面层盖面层 5172:根部根部2022-6-2148种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 521:焊缝尺寸偏差焊缝尺寸偏差 5
13、211;焊缝过厚焊缝过厚Excessive weld thickness 5212:焊缝过宽焊缝过宽Excess weld width2022-6-2149种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 5213:焊角不足焊角不足Insufficient throat thickness2022-6-2150种类5:形状及尺寸偏差 5214:焊角过大焊角过大Excessive throat thickness2022-6-2151种类6:混合(多重、其它)缺陷 601:电弧擦伤:电弧擦伤 602:飞溅:飞溅 603:焊缝表面撕裂:焊缝表面撕裂 604:划痕:划痕 605: 606:焊缝打磨过多:焊缝打磨过多2022-
14、6-2152种类6:混合(多重、其它)缺陷 608:正反焊道错位正反焊道错位Misalignment of opposite runs2022-6-2153 610:回火颜色:回火颜色 613:重氧化区:重氧化区 641:残余熔渣:残余熔渣 617:角焊缝根部间隙:角焊缝根部间隙Incorrect root gap for fillet welds2022-6-2154 618热影响区过大热影响区过大Swelling焊接接头是有焊缝、熔合区和热影响区三部分组成的,焊缝向热影响区过渡的区域称为熔合区。焊接时,近焊缝区母材受电弧热的作用,组织和性能均发生变化,这部分变化了的母材称为热影响区。焊接工艺评定的对象是焊缝,而不是焊接接头。2022-6-2155谢谢大家!