1、单单词词课课堂堂A word is a microcosm of human consciousness.Vygotsky教材教材版本：版本：新外研新外研册别单元：必修册别单元：必修三三 Unit 4(Using language Developing ideas)本单元词汇梳理本单元词汇梳理1.neighbourhood neighbour(n 邻居)+-hood(名词后缀：表示“集体”)词块：in the neighbourhood2.sealseal1(海豹)：来自中古英语selk(拉、划)。比喻用法，由动作代指动物本身。因海豹两条前肢较后腿为短，在陆地上活动时，总是拖着累赘的后肢将身体
2、弯曲爬行，并在地面上留下一行形如沟垄的痕迹。seal2(印记)：词源义是“书信上的封蜡标记”，词源同sign 名词动词化 词块：seal cutting3.calligraphycalli-(beauty 漂亮)+-graph-(to write 写)+-y(名词后缀)写的漂亮的字 书法4.demonstratede-(entirely 完全地)+monstr(to point out,show 指出、显示)+-ate(动词后缀)完全指出 证明5.vividlyvivid(adj 生动的)+-ly6.contemporaryco-(with 和一起、共同)+tempor(time 时间)+-a
3、ry(形容词后缀)同时间的 当代的7.lack词块：(a)lack of,for lack of,lack(for)nothing派生词：lacking8.stimulatestimul(to prick 刺)+-ate(动词后缀)刺激基本义：刺激词块：stimulate ones interest,stimulate economy 9.magnificent近义词：splendid10.dirt派生词：dirty11.sponsorspons(允诺、承诺)+-or(名词后缀)12.fond词块：be fond of13.frequentfrequ-(regular 经常的)+-ent(形容
4、词后缀)形容词动词化：vt正式用语常去/常到(某处)词族：frequent,frequently,frequency,infrequent14.mostlymost+-ly近义词：mainly15.shade词源义：遮盖、树荫熟词生义：（色彩的）浓淡；深浅；色度词块：in the shadefrequent重重难难点点词词精精讲讲搭配义搭配义shadelack话题词汇话题词汇art一词多义一词多义demonstrate一词多义一词多义辨析义辨析义stimulate一词多义一词多义neighbourhood搭配义搭配义词族词族n C 社区；街坊；（某特定的）地段：社区；街坊；（某特定的）地段：I
5、 live in a quiet neighbourhood.The houses in that neighbourhood are expensive.集体名词，用集体名词，用 the neighbourhood，谓语动词用单数谓语动词用单数附近地区（的居民）：附近地区（的居民）：All the neighbourhood is aware of it.I want to live in the neighbourhood of my office.neighbo(u)rhoodneighbour(n 邻居)+-hood(名词后缀：表示“集体”)根据根据-hood 的含义，说出画线部分的汉
6、语释义。的含义，说出画线部分的汉语释义。表示“时期”：I start telling stories of my childhood,and of the milkman who brought us friendship along with his milk.（2011 全国改）_ 表示“状态”：Because of their wickedness and falsehood,they had to spend the rest of their days blind.（2014 福建）_ 表示“集体”：The boy cried so loudly that the whole nei
7、ghbourhood could hear him._孩童时期孩童时期错误错误所在地区（的居民）所在地区（的居民）/街坊街坊名词后缀名词后缀-hood后缀-hood 常加在名词后面（有时也加在形容词后面），构成抽象名词demonstrate v vt 证明；论证：证明；论证：Researchers have demonstrated how effective the fit-for-life model of gym class can be.2010 上海改 vt 示范；演示；显示：示范；演示；显示：demonstrate the use of the machine vt 表达；表现；显
8、露表达；表现；显露(display)：In Japan,it may demonstrate respect to look down when talking to an older person.vi 示威；示威游行：示威；示威游行：demonstrate against sb/sthdemonstratede-(entirely 完全地)+monstr(to point out,show 指出、显示)+-ate(动词后缀)完全指出 证明证明demonstrate 语义网络图语义网络图证明证明demonstrate（基本义）（基本义）用证据等用证据等证明证明某事某事证明；论证证明；论证表达
9、；表现；显露表达；表现；显露用行动等用行动等证明证明情情感、观点等感、观点等用示例等用示例等证明证明如何如何做某事做某事示范；演示；显示示范；演示；显示用行动等用行动等证明证明抗议抗议或支持某事或支持某事示威；示威游行示威；示威游行People dont lack strength;they lack will.Victor Hugo 人们缺少的不是力量，而是决心。维克多雨果 lack维克多雨果(Victor Hugo)，法国作家，19世纪前期积极浪漫主义文学的代表作家，被人们称为“法兰西的莎士比亚”。一生写过多部诗歌、小说、剧本、各种散文和文艺评论及政论文章，在法国及世界有着广泛的影响力。其
10、代表作有长篇小说巴黎圣母院（Notre-Dame de Paris）、九三年（Quatre-Vingt-Treize）和悲惨世界（Les Miserables），短篇小说有“诺曼底”号遇难记等。lack n U 常用单数常用单数 缺乏；不足缺乏；不足 (shortage)：(a)lack of food/money/sleep/skills These children have health problems linked to poor diet and a lack of exercise.for lack of 因缺少：因缺少：The leaves turned yellow for
11、lack of light.重要搭配重要搭配重要搭配重要搭配 vt&vi 不用于被动语态不用于被动语态 缺乏；短少；没有：缺乏；短少；没有：At first I lacked confidence.They lacked the money to send him to university.lack(for)nothing 正式用语正式用语 什么也不缺：什么也不缺：As he is very rich he lacks for nothing.lacking adj 不用于名词前不用于名词前 不足的；缺少的不足的；缺少的be lacking in sth 缺少某物缺少某物形容词后面常接介词形
12、容词后面常接介词inin在英语词汇学习中，具有多种词性的词往往很容易被在英语词汇学习中，具有多种词性的词往往很容易被用错，比如用错，比如lack。判断下列句子的正误！判断下列句子的正误！她缺乏自信。1.She is lack of confidence._2.She lacks of confidence._3.She lacks in confidence._4.She suffers from a lack of confidence._5.She is lacking in confidence._6.She lacks confidence._stimulate词源解读：词源解读：st
13、imul(prick 刺刺)+-ate(动词后缀动词后缀)刺激刺激stimulate的基本义为的基本义为“刺、刺激刺、刺激”。stimulate我真的很感激那些能激发我的创造力，让我更深层次思考的人。stimulate vt 刺激（身体部位等）刺激（身体部位等）to make a plant or part of the body become active or stronger：Light stimulates plant growth.The drugs designed to stimulate the bodys own defence system to fight the vir
14、us.激发；激励；使兴奋激发；激励；使兴奋 to encourage sb by making them excited about and interested in sth：His interest in reading was stimulated by his parents.Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think.The caffeine will stimulate the patient.刺激；促进刺激；促进 to encourage or help an activity to be
15、gin or develop further：stimulate growth/demand/consumptionThe government plans to cut taxes in order to stimulate the economy.【词汇拓展词汇拓展】stimulation n U 刺激；激励；激发：刺激；激励；激发：physical/visual stimulationmental/intellectual stimulationstimulating adj 趣味盎然的；激励人的；让人兴奋的：趣味盎然的；激励人的；让人兴奋的：a stimulating discussi
16、ona stimulating and rewarding careerthe stimulating effects of coffee and tea18lampshadesunshadewindow shadeshade n C&U 荫；阴凉处荫；阴凉处：sit in the shadeIn hot,sunny climate,wide-edged hats provide shade from the sun.C（色彩的）浓淡；深浅；色度：a delicate /pale/rich/soft shade of redHe passed milky white waterfalls an
17、d mountains in many shades of blue.2020 全国 C（绘画的）暗部；阴影部分 shade vs shadow shade指阳光照不到的地方，如树下或墙边的阴凉处，一般没有具体的轮廓。Lets sit in the shade of the tree for a while.shadow指某物遮住阳光或其他光源后形成的影子，可以引申为“不良的兆头或阴影”，也可指黑暗的地方。My friend jumped out of the shadows and tapped on my shoulders.frequent一栋房子（最好）的装饰便是来访的朋友。爱默生fr
18、equent adj 频繁的；经常的；常见的 反 infrequent：a frequent caller/visitorRain is frequent here in spring.vt正式用语常去/常到（某处）【词汇拓展】frequency n U&C 频繁；发生率；频率：Traffic accidents have increased in frequency over recent years.frequently adv 频繁地；经常地(often)反 rarely：We should take an active part in sports and outdoor activi
19、ties frequently.2014 江西书面表达改同族词：同族词：frequent,frequency,frequently,infrequency,infrequent单词单词形容词形容词动词动词bare赤裸的；光秃秃的赤裸的；光秃秃的calm平静的；镇静的平静的；镇静的empty空的空的slim苗条的；纤细的苗条的；纤细的warm温暖的；暖和的温暖的；暖和的yellow黄色的黄色的英语中有很多形容词可转化为动词，常表示具有该形容词意义的动作。形容词动词化形容词动词化说出下列单词的动词释义。说出下列单词的动词释义。（使）赤裸；露出（使）赤裸；露出使平静；使镇静使平静；使镇静倒空；掏空倒
20、空；掏空变苗条；减肥变苗条；减肥（使）温暖；变暖和（使）温暖；变暖和（使）变黄（使）变黄话题词汇：艺术话题词汇：艺术Chinese traditional art formspainter;impressionism,naturalism,realism;graffiti（涂鸦）,landscape,oil painting,pencil drawing,self-portrait,watercolour,etc.;abstract,line,outline,style,etc.;display,exhibition,show,etc.formsartistsarchitect;Gothic
21、architecture（哥特式建筑）,Hui-style（徽派建筑）,etc.actor,actress,director,etc.;preview,release,etc.;action movies,thriller,etcsculptor;carve;ice sculpture,figure,statue,poser,conductor,musician,singer,etc.;classical music,pop music,traditional music,etc.paintingarchitecturesculpturefilmmusic.Han Gan,Qi Baishi,
22、Wang Xizhi,Xu Beihong,etc.Chinese artistsforeign artistsAuguste Rodin（奥古斯特罗丹）,Claude Monet（克劳德莫奈）,Leonardo da Vinci（达芬奇）,Vincent van Gogh（梵高）,etc.calligraphy,Chinese brush painting（水墨画）,embroidery,paper cutting,Peking Opera,porcelain,seal cutting,etc.本单元金句汇总本单元金句汇总1.At first I lacked confidence.2.Hi
23、s interest in reading was stimulated by his parents.3.Good teachers should ask questions that stimulate students to think.随堂检测随堂检测neighbourhood根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子根据所给汉语，用适当的词块完成下列句子。1.He shouted so loudly that _（整条街的人）could hear him.2.Houses _（附近的）Paris are extremely expensive.3.The albums now sold
24、something _（大约）2 million copies.4.The hotel is situated in _（宁静的住宅区）.the whole neighbourhoodin the neighbourhood of in the neighbourhood of a peaceful residential neighbourhooddemonstrate根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。1.How can you demonstrate to us that your story is true?_ 2.You have to demonstra
25、te how to operate the computer._3.A lot of people demonstrated in the street yesterday._4.The fireman demonstrated great courage in saving the child._证明证明演示演示游行（示威）游行（示威）表现表现用用lack的正确形式或其短语填空。的正确形式或其短语填空。1.The reason why he didnt pass the driving test is _ practice.2.He didnt pass the driving test _
26、 practice.3.Jack still cant help being anxious about his job interview._ self-confidence is his Achilles heel,I am afraid.（2016 江苏）4.The research _ solid evidence,and therefore,its conclusions are doubtful.（2012 浙江）lacklackingfor lack ofLack of/A lack oflacks阿喀琉斯，是凡人珀琉斯和美貌仙女忒提斯的宝贝儿子。忒提斯为了让儿子炼成“金钟罩”，
27、在他刚出生时就将其倒提着浸进冥河，遗憾的是，乖儿被母亲捏住的脚后跟却不慎露在水外，全身留下了惟一一处“死穴”。后来，阿喀琉斯被太阳神一箭射中了脚踝而死去。后人常以“阿喀琉斯之踵(Achilles heel)”譬喻这样一个道理：即使是再强大的英雄，他也有致命的死穴或软肋。shade根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。1.There was no shade as the trees were no more than 3 feet tall.（2017 全国）_ 2.We watch the maples turn every shade of yellow and red in the fall.
28、（2012 四川改）_3.There is not enough light and shade in your drawing._4.I bought a new shade for the lamp._5.Before Vinnie could say yes,the President hurried on,a shade of apology in his voice.（2020 天津）_阴凉处浓淡深浅 /色度暗部 /阴影部分灯罩一点 /略微stimulate根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。1.The film was intended to stimu
29、late and amuse._2.By stimulating the economy,were going to put people to work._3.These proteins stimulate the production of blood cells._4.To stimulate life and let life develop freely is the primary task of educators._助兴助兴刺激刺激促进促进激发激发frequent根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。根据句意写出画线部分的汉语释义。1.He frequents the little restaurant because the dishes there suit his taste._2.Buses run frequently from the city to the airport._3.The most frequent cause of death is heart attack._4.He was the frequent visitor to the royal stables._经常去经常去频繁地频繁地常见的常见的常客常客谢谢谢谢观观赏赏
