1、Unit 4Astronomy:the science of the stars 某英文报“健康生活”栏目正在讨论有关健康食品、体育锻炼与少年儿童肥胖的问题。请根据李明的情况写一篇短文。1李明过去吃垃圾食品,在家里整天看电视,不活动,以至于身体发胖,甚至连上楼都困难。2他决心改变这种状况,再也不吃垃圾食品了,经常锻炼,外出活动。3结果又恢复了健康的身体。【写作要求写作要求】1必须使用5个句子介绍全部所给的内容;2文章开头和结尾已经给出,不计入5个句子中。参考词汇:垃圾食品 junk food;零食 snack Li Ming used to be a healthy boy,but _ Mon
2、ths later,Li Ming became as fit as before.Li Ming used to be a healthy boy,but over a year ago,he got into the habit of eating a lot of junk food and snacks.Besides,he spent a lot of time lying on the sofa,watching TV,and did little exercise.As a result,he put on so much weight that he found it diff
3、icult to climb the stairs.So Li Ming decided to change the unhealthy lifestyle and have a balanced,healthy diet.He also took part in various sports activities such as swimming,skating,running and playing basketball.Months later,Li Ming became as fit as before.1.n.天文学2.n.系统;体系;制度3.n.宗教;宗教信仰4.n.学说;理论5
4、.n.球体;地球仪;地球6.adj.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的7.n.大气层;气氛 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ astronomy system religion theory globe violent atmosphere 8.prep.不同;不像9.adj.基本的;基础的10.adj.有害的11.v.乘;增加12.n.氧13.vi.存在;生存14.adv.因此;于是_ _ _ _ _ _ _unlikefundamentalharmfulmultiplyoxygenexistthus15.n.谜;难题 v.(使)迷惑;(使)为难16.n.生物学17.n.万有引力;重力18.adj.温和的;文
5、雅的19.v.碰撞;坠落20.n.&vt.拉(力);拖;牵引力_ _ _ _ _puzzlebiologygravitygentlecrashpull1.产生;分娩2.轮到某人;接着3.及时;总有一天;终于4.冷却5.提防;当心6.依靠;依赖;取决7.既然_ _ _ _ _ _ _ give birth to in ones turn in time cool down watch out depend on now that_ _ _ be different from on ones surface preventfrom block out escape from cheer up br
6、eak out8.与不同9.在表面10.阻止;制止11.挡住(光线)12.从逃跑13.感到高兴;感到振奋14.突发;爆发_ _ be harmful to sb.get the hang of15.对某人有害16.熟悉;掌握;理解 1._ it was to become was uncertain until between 4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago _ the dust settled into a solid globe.2._ is even more important is _ as the earth cooled down,water bega
7、n to appear on its surface.What thatwhen What 3.They are putting too much carbon dioxide into the atmosphere,_ prevents heat from escaping from the earth into space.4.So _ life will continue on the earth for millions of years to come will depend on _ this problem can be solved.whichwhetherwhether 1.
8、violent adj.猛烈的,凶暴的 The violent windstorms are frequently accompanied by rain,snow,or hail.强烈的风暴经常伴随雨、雪或冰雹。violence n.暴力,暴行violently adv.猛烈地;剧烈地a violent wind 暴风a violent language 激烈的语言a violent attack 猛烈的攻击violent behaviour 暴力行为根据汉语意思,完成英文句子(1)人们非常关注青少年暴力行为。There is a great concern about_among adol
9、escents.(2)他突然患了严重的流感。He was seized with_influenza.the violent behavioura violent attack of(3)狂风将船猛地推向一块巨大的礁石。_ dashed the ship against a huge rock.The violent wind 2.spread v.(spread,spread)展开,传播 He called for more measures to be implemented to prevent the spread of the disease.他呼吁采取更多措施以阻止疾病的传播。sp
10、read out a map 摊开地图 spread news 传播消息根据汉语意思,完成英文句子(1)这座城市向北方延伸了10英里。The city _ ten miles to the north.(2)苍蝇传播疾病。Flies _ diseases.(3)坏消息通常传得快。Bad news usually _.spreads forspreadsspreads quickly 3.method n.方法 We must find a good method to deal with the inflation.我们必须找到一个好办法来解决通货膨胀。method,means,manner,
11、way与fashion 这组词的一般含义是“方法”或“方式”。method 侧重“理论方法”,指做某件事的具体步骤或程序。means(单复数同形)侧重“通过手段”或“利用工具”去达到某种目的,前面常加by。manner 主要表示个人喜欢采用的方式或风格。way 是最通用最不正式的词,可以用来代替前面的任何一个词。在不少含有way的词组中,理论上讲使用method,means或 manner 可能表意更准确些,但经常还是使用way。fashion 所表示的“方式”或“方法”实际上是一种“风尚”。a new teaching method 一种新的教学方法 by all means 用各种方法 b
12、y means of 通过;一定;借助于by no means 决不,一点也不doin this way 用这种方法做follow the fashion 赶时髦be in(the)fashion 合乎时尚,流行的be out of(the)fashion(人、物)不合时尚;不流行with this method by this means in this way用这种方法根据汉语意思,完成英文句子(1)你们为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话?Why are you talking_?(2)他总是随心所欲。He always has _.(3)一定要尽力抢救那些生命垂危的人。_ to save the
13、 dying.in such a strange mannerhis own wayTry by all means(4)这方法很见效。_ worked effectively.(5)水可以用管子输送。The water may be carried _a pipe.(6)为赶时髦她花费了不少钱。It cost her a lot of money _.This method by means ofto follow the fashion 4.force n.力量,暴力;(可数)军队 vt.强制,强迫,强加 Great military force of the country was ex
14、posed in the war exercise.在战争演习中,该国展现出了强大的军事力量。force sth.on sb.勉强某人接受某事 putinto force 施行(法律等)force ones way 强行前进force sb.to do;force sb.into doing强制某人做某事;逼迫某人做某事come into force 生效,实施by force 凭借暴力;强迫地by force of 由于;迫于 energy,force,power,strength energy 原是物理学上的术语“能量”,用于人时则指“精力”。force 主要指外力,像暴力、武力之类。po
15、wer 电力;能力,政权。strength 体力。用以上短语的适当形式填空(1)他迫使他们承认他是对的。He _admit that he was right.(2)如果不能和平解决,只有用武力解决,这对各方都是不利的。If the problem cannot be solved by peaceful means,then it must be solved _.Neither side would benefit from that.forced them toby force(3)警察巴里用力挤进人群,大声叫道:“站开!别吵架了!”The policeman Barry _ throu
16、gh the crowd,shouting“Stand aside!Break it up!”(4)长期以来,人类一直在与自然力作斗争。Man has struggled long against_.forced his waythe forces of nature 5.mass n.团,大量;质量 The newly developed engine has been put into mass production.新研制成的引擎已经大规模投入生产了。a mass ofmasses of 大量的 a mass of hot air 一团热空气 the masses 群众,民众 mass
17、media 大众传媒 注意:a mass of 后接“人”时,谓语动词可以用单数形式也可以用复数形式。根据汉语意思,完成英文句子(1)公园里有许多孩子在玩耍。There _ children playing in the park.(2)大众传媒的传播手段包括报纸、杂志、广播或电视。_ include newspapers,magazines,radio,or television.is/are a mass ofThe means of mass communication/media(3)他经常深入群众。He often went among _.the masses 1.in time
18、最后,迟早,终于;及时,不迟 Peace will come in time.和平总有一天会成为现实。be in time to do sth.来得及做某事in no time 转眼工夫,立刻at times 有时,偶尔,不时at a time 一次,每次at one time 有个时期;曾经,一度at any time 随时,无论何时at no time 永不,在任何时候都不用time 的相关短语填空(1)继续努力吧,你迟早会成功的。Keep trying,and _ you will succeed.(2)我赶得上那趟火车吗?Will I be _ for the train/to cat
19、ch the train?in timein time(3)我马上就回来。Ill be back _.(4)每次服两粒。Take two pills _.(5)从前他们在这些峡谷中采煤。_ they used to mine for coal in these valleys.in no timeat a timeAt one time 2.get the hang of have the hang of 掌握;熟悉;理解 She got the hang of the job the moment she started it.这活儿她一沾手就会了。hang on to 紧紧抓住不放hang
20、 around 聚集在附近;缠住不放;闲荡hang up 挂断电话;使延期(停顿)用适当的介词或副词填空(1)不经过大量训练,你决不会掌握游泳的诀窍。You can never get the hang _ swimming without lots of practice.(2)他已经没有什么东西可以指靠的了。Nothing was left for him to hang on _.ofto(3)他失业后一直在这里闲着。Since he lost his job,hes been hanging _ here.(4)车祸使交通中断了数小时。The accident hung _ the t
21、raffic for several hours.aroundup 3.break out 突然发生(不可用于被动语态)War broke out between the two countries because both wanted to control the oil fields.两个国家都想掌握油田的控制权,由此战争爆发了。a fire/disease/war breaks out火灾/疾病/战争的突然爆发break up 解散;打碎break through 突破;强行穿过break away from脱离 break off 停止/断绝关系break into laughter
22、/tears/cheers突然开始大笑/大哭/欢呼break down 谈判失败;精神崩溃,东西坏了根据汉语意思,完成英文句子(1)1939年战争爆发前不久,他们逃到了美国。They had escaped to America shortly before war _ in 1939.(2)当我把这件事告诉他时,他突然大笑起来。When I told him the story,he _laughter.broke outbroke into(3)我们的车坏了,不得不把它拖到修车厂去。Our car _ and we had to draw it to a garage.(4)战争爆发后,两
23、国间断绝了外交关系。When the war _,the two countries _ their diplomatic relationship.broke downbroke outbroke off(5)你能戒掉旧习惯吗?Can you _ old habits?(6)他们因钱的问题婚姻才破裂的。It was money trouble that_their marriage.break away frombroke up 4.cheer up 使振奋,感到振奋;(用话)鼓舞(某人)高兴起来,振奋起来cheerful adj.精神振奋的cheering adj.令人振奋的 n.欢呼声C
24、heers!干杯!(祝酒时用)用所给词的正确形式填空(1)那好消息让我们大家都兴奋起来了。The good news _(cheer)all of us up.(2)尽管他生病,精神却很愉快。He is _(cheer)in spite of his illness.(3)群众突然欢呼起来。The crowd burst forth into _(cheer)cheeredcheerscheerful 1.What is even more important is that as the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surfa
25、ce.更为重要的是,地球冷却了下来,表面开始出现了水。(1)此句中what is even more important为主语从句;that as the earth cooled down,water began to appear on its surface为表语从句,其中含有as 引导的时间状语从句。(2)as作“虽然,尽管”讲时,引导让步状语从句,句子要用倒装语序,即要把从句中的表语、状语或动词原形提到as前。(3)用于the sameas;suchas结构中。根据汉语意思,完成英文句子(1)我虽然还小,可是对要从事的职业已胸有成竹了。_,I already know what ca
26、reer I want to follow.(2)他开车撞到墙上,车头撞瘪了。The front of the car crumpled_the wall.Young as I amas he drove it into 2.But when I tried to step forward,I found I was carried twice_as_far_as on the earth and fell over.但当我试着向前迈步的时候,我发觉我被送出去很远,而且摔倒了,步子的跨度竟是在地球上的两倍。倍数的表达法:用times表倍数,通常用于三倍以上,两倍常用twice。(1)A is
27、three(four/)times the size(height,length)of B (2)A is three(four/)times as big(high,long)as B (3)A is three(four/)times bigger(higher,longer)than B The new machines will work twice as fast as old ones,thus greatly reducing costs.新机器的运转速度比旧的要快一倍,因而会大大降低成本。(1)这座新楼是那座旧楼的4倍大(高)。The new building is _ _of the old one.(2)亚洲比欧洲大3倍。Asia is _ large as Europe.(3)你们的学校比我们的学校大3倍。Your school is _ than ours.four times the size(the height)four times asthree times bigger